SIST EN 13906-2:2014
(Main)Cylindrical helical springs made from round wire and bar - Calculation and design - Part 2: Extension springs
Cylindrical helical springs made from round wire and bar - Calculation and design - Part 2: Extension springs
This European Standard specifies the calculation and design of cold and hot coiled helical extension springs made from round wire and bar with values according to Table 1, loaded in the direction of the spring axis and operating at normal ambient temperatures.
Zylindrische Schraubenfedern aus runden Drähten und Stäben - Berechnung und Konstruktion - Teil 2: Zugfedern
Diese Europäische Norm gilt für die Berechnung und Konstruktion von kalt und warmgeformten Schraubenzug¬federn aus runden Drähten und Stäben, die in Richtung der Federachse auf Zug belastet sind und die bei üblicher Umgebungstemperatur mit Werten nach Tabelle 1 arbeiten.
Ressorts hélicoïdaux cylindriques fabriqués à partir de fils ronds et de barres - Calcul et conception - Partie 2: Ressorts de traction
La présente Norme européenne, spécifie le calcul et la conception des ressorts de traction hélicoïdaux cylindriques enroulés à froid et à chaud fabriqués à partir de fils ronds et de barres, ayant les valeurs du Tableau 1, pour lesquels la sollicitation est appliquée dans la direction de l’axe du ressort et travaillant à température ambiante normale.
NOTE Pour des températures de service substantiellement supérieures ou inférieures, il est recommandé de demander conseil au fabricant.
Vijačne valjaste vzmeti iz okrogle žice in palic - Izračun in načrtovanje - 2. del: Natezne vzmeti
Ta evropski standard določa izračun in načrtovanje hladno in toplo oblikovanih valjastih nateznih vzmeti, izdelanih iz okrogle žice in palic, z vrednostmi, skladnimi s preglednico 1, in z glavno obremenitvijo v smeri osi vzmeti, ki se uporablja pri normalnih temperaturah okolja.
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2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Zylindrische Schraubenfedern aus runden Drähten und Stäben - Berechnung und Konstruktion - Teil 2: ZugfedernRessorts hélicoïdaux cylindriques fabriqués à partir de fils ronds et de barres - Calcul et conception - Partie 2: Ressorts de tractionCylindrical helical springs made from round wire and bar - Calculation and design - Part 2: Extension springs21.160VzmetiSpringsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 13906-2:2013SIST EN 13906-2:2014en,fr,de01-januar-2014SIST EN 13906-2:2014SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 13906-2:20091DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 13906-2:2014
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 13906-2
June 2013 ICS 21.160 Supersedes EN 13906-2:2001English Version
Cylindrical helical springs made from round wire and bar - Calculation and design - Part 2: Extension springs
Ressorts hélicoïdaux cylindriques fabriqués à partir de fils ronds et de barres - Calcul et conception - Partie 2: Ressorts de traction
Zylindrische Schraubenfedern aus runden Drähten und Stäben - Berechnung und Konstruktion - Teil 2: ZugfedernThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 16 May 2013.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13906-2:2013: ESIST EN 13906-2:2014
EN 13906-2:2013 (E) 2 Contents Foreword . 3 1 Scope . 4 2 Normative references . 4 3 Terms and definitions, symbols, units and abbreviated terms . 4 3.1 Terms and definitions . 4 3.2 Symbols, units and abbreviated terms . 5 4 Theoretical extension spring diagram . 6 5 Types of loading . 7 5.1 General . 7 5.2 Static and/or quasi-static loading . 7 5.3 Dynamic loading . 7 6 Stress correction factor k . 8 7 Initial tension force F0 . 9 8 Material property values for the calculation of springs . 10 9 Calculation formulae . 10 9.1 General . 10 9.2 Spring work . 10 9.3 Spring Force . 11 9.4 Spring deflection. 11 9.5 Spring rate . 11 9.6 Torsional stresses . 11 9.7 Nominal diameter of wire or bar . 11 9.8 Number of active coils . 11 9.9 Total number of coils . 11 9.10 Initial tension force . 12 10 Permissible torsional stress under static or quasi-static loading . 12 10.1 General . 12 10.2 Permissible torsional stress τzul
for cold coiled springs . 12 10.3 Permissible torsional stress τzul
for hot coiled springs . 12 10.4 Initial tension torsional stress τ0 . 12 11 Calculation of extension springs for dynamic loading . 13 Annex A (informative)
Types of spring ends . 14 Bibliography . 18
SIST EN 13906-2:2014
EN 13906-2:2013 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 13906-2:2013) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 407 “Project Committee - Cylindrical helical springs made from round wire and bar - Calculation and design”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2013, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2013. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This European Standard has been prepared by the initiative of the Association of the European Spring Federation ESF. This document supersedes EN 13906-2:2001. This European Standard constitutes a revision of EN 13906-2:2001 for which it has been technically revised. The main modifications are listed below: updating of the normative references, technical corrections. EN 13906 consists of the following parts, under the general title Cylindrical helical springs made from round wire and bar — Calculation and design: Part 1: Compression springs; Part 2: Extension springs; Part 3: Torsion springs. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
SIST EN 13906-2:2014
EN 13906-2:2013 (E) 4 1 Scope This European Standard specifies the calculation and design of cold and hot coiled helical extension springs made from round wire and bar with values according to Table 1, loaded in the direction of the spring axis and operating at normal ambient temperatures. Table 1 Characteristic Cold coiled extension spring Hot coiled extension spring Wire or bar diameter d ≤ 20 mm d ≥10 mm Number of active coils n ≥ 3 n ≥ 3 Spring index 4 ≤ w ≤ 20 4 ≤ w ≤ 12
NOTE In cases of substantially higher or lower working temperature, it is advisable to seek the manufacturer’s advice. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 10270-1, Steel wire for mechanical springs — Part 1: Patented cold drawn unalloyed spring steel wire EN 10270-2, Steel wire for mechanical springs — Part 2: Oil hardened and tempered spring steel wire EN 10270-3, Steel wire for mechanical springs — Part 3: Stainless spring steel wire EN 10089, Hot-rolled steels for quenched and tempered springs — Technical delivery conditions EN 12166, Copper and copper alloys — Wire for general purposes EN ISO 26909:2010, Springs — Vocabulary (ISO 26909:2009) ISO 26910-1, Springs — Shot peening — Part 1: General procedures 3 Terms and definitions, symbols, units and abbreviated terms 3.1 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 26909:2010 and the following apply. 3.1.1 spring mechanical device designed to store energy when deflected and to return the equivalent amount of energy when released [SOURCE: EN ISO 26909:2010, 1.1] 3.1.2 extension spring spring (1.1) that offers resistance to an axial force tending to extend its length, with or without initial tension [SOURCE: EN ISO 26909:2010, 1.3] SIST EN 13906-2:2014
EN 13906-2:2013 (E) 5 3.1.3 helical extension spring extension spring (1.3) normally made of wire of circular cross-section wound around an axis, with or without spaces between its coils (open- or close-wound) [SOURCE: EN ISO 26909:2010, 3.13] 3.2 Symbols, units and abbreviated terms Table 2 contains the symbols, units and abbreviated terms used in this European Standard. Table 2 (1 of 2)
Symbols
Units Terms 2ieDDD+= mm mean diameter of coil De mm outside diameter of the spring Di mm inside diameter of the spring d mm nominal diameter of wire (or bar) E N/mm² (MPa) modulus of elasticity (or Young’s modulus) F0 N initial tension force F N spring force
F1, F2. N spring forces, for the spring lengths L1, L2 . (at ambient temperature of 20 ºC) Fn N maximum permissible spring force for the maximum permissible spring length Ln G N/mm² (MPa) modulus of rigidity
k - stress correction factor (depending on D/d) L mm spring length L0 mm Nominal free length of spring L1, L2. mm spring lengths for the spring forces F1, F2 . LH mm distance from inner radius of loop to spring body LK mm body length when unloaded but subject to initial tension force Ln mm maximum permissible spring length for the spring force Fn m mm hook opening N - Number of cycles up to rupture n - number of active coils nt - total number of coils R N/mm spring rate
SIST EN 13906-2:2014
EN 13906-2:2013 (E) 6
Table 2 (2 of 2)
Symbols
Units Terms Rm N/mm² (MPa) minimum value of tensile strength s mm spring deflection
s1, s2 .
mm spring deflections, for the spring forces F1, F2 .
sh mm deflection of spring (stroke) between two positions sn mm spring deflection, for the spring force Fn W Nmm spring work dDw= - spring index ρ kg/dm3 density τ N/mm² (MPa) uncorrected torsional stress (without the influence of the wire curvature being taken into account) τ0 N/mm² (MPa) uncorrected torsional stress, for the initial tension force F0 τ1, τ2 .
N/mm² (MPa) uncorrected torsional stress, for the
spring forces F1, F2 . τk N/mm² (MPa) corrected torsional stress, (according to the correction factor k) τk1, τk2 . N/mm² (MPa) corrected torsional stress, for the
spring forces F1, F2 . τkh N/mm² (MPa) corrected
torsional stress range, for the stroke
sh τkn N/mm² (MPa) corrected torsional stress, for the
spring force Fn τn N/mm² (MPa) uncorrected torsional stress, for the spring force Fn τzul N/mm² (MPa) permissible torsional stress
4 Theoretical extension spring diagram The illustration of the extension spring corresponds to Figure 5.1 from EN ISO 2162-1:1996. The theoretical extension spring diagram is given in Figure 1. SIST EN 13906-2:2014
EN 13906-2:2013 (E) 7
Key 1
spring deflection 2
spring lengths Figure 1 — Theoretical extension spring diagram 5 Types of loading 5.1 General Before carrying out design calculations, it should be specified
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