SIST EN 62305-2:2006
(Main)Protection against lightning -- Part 2: Risk management
Protection against lightning -- Part 2: Risk management
This part of IEC 62305 is applicable to risk assessment for a structure or for a service due to lightning flashes to earth. Its purpose is to provide a procedure for the evaluation of such a risk. Once an upper tolerable limit for the risk has been selected, this procedure allows the selection of appropriate protection measures to be adopted to reduce the risk to or below the tolerable limit.
Blitzschutz -- Teil 2: Risiko-Management
Protection contre la foudre -- Partie 2: Evaluation du risque
Applicable à l'évaluation du risque, dans une structure ou dans un service, dû aux coups de foudre au sol. Elle est destinée à proposer une procédure d'évaluation d'un tel risque. Une fois fixée la limite supérieure du risque tolérable, la procédure proposée permet de choisir les mesures de protection appropriées pour réduire le risque à une valeur inférieure ou égale à la valeur limite tolérable. Annex informative avec un logiciel simplifié pour l'évaluation du risque.
Zaščita pred delovanjem strele - 2. del: Vodenje rizika (vključuje program za oceno rizika) (IEC 62305-2:2006)
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SIST EN 62305-2:2006SLOVENSKIjunij 2006
STANDARDZaščita pred delovanjem strele – 2. del: Vodenje tveganja (vključuje program za oceno tveganja)Protection against lightning - Part 2: Risk management©
Standard je založil in izdal Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje ali kopiranje celote ali delov tega dokumenta ni dovoljenoReferenčna številkaSIST EN 62305-2:2006(en)ICS91.120.40
EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 62305-2 NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM February 2006
CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B - 1050 Brussels
© 2006 CENELEC -
All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Ref. No. EN 62305-2:2006 E
ICS 29.020; 91.120.40
English version
Protection against lightning Part 2: Risk management (IEC 62305-2:2006)
Protection contre la foudre Partie 2: Evaluation du risque (CEI 62305-2:2006)
Blitzschutz Teil 2: Risiko-Management (IEC 62305-2:2006)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2006-02-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Rumania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
EN 62305-2:23006
- 2 - Foreword The text of document 81/263/FDIS, future edition 1 of IEC 62305-2, prepared by IEC TC 81, Lightning protection, was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and was approved by CENELEC as EN 62305-2 on 2006-02-01. The following dates were fixed: – latest date by which the EN has to be implemented
at national level by publication of an identical
national standard or by endorsement
(dop)
2006-11-01 – latest date by which the national standards conflicting
with the EN have to be withdrawn
(dow)
2009-02-01 This European Standard makes reference to International Standards. Where the International Standard referred to has been endorsed as a European Standard or a home-grown European Standard exists, this European Standard shall be applied instead. Pertinent information can be found on the CENELEC web site. __________ Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard IEC 62305-2:2006 was approved by CENELEC as a European Standard without any modification. __________
IEC 62305-2Edition 1.0 2006-01INTERNATIONAL STANDARD NORME INTERNATIONALEProtection against lightning –
Part 2: Risk management
Protection contre la foudre –
Partie 2: Evaluation des risques
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION COMMISSION ELECTROTECHNIQUE INTERNATIONALE XEICS 29.020;
91.120.40 PRICE CODECODE PRIXISBN 2-8318-8364-4
62305-2 IEC:2006 – 3 –
CONTENTS
FOREWORD.7 INTRODUCTION.9
1 Scope.11 2 Normative references .11 3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviations.11 4 Explanation of terms.21 4.1 Damage and loss .21 4.2 Risk and risk components.23 4.3 Composition of risk components related to a structure.25 4.4 Composition of risk components related to a service .27 4.5 Factors influencing the risk components.28 5 Risk management.29 5.1 Basic procedure .29 5.2 Structure to be considered for risk assessment .29 5.3 Service to be considered for risk assessment.29 5.4 Tolerable risk RT .30 5.5 Specific procedure to evaluate the need of protection.30 5.6 Procedure to evaluate the cost effectiveness of protection .31 5.7 Protection measures .33 5.8 Selection of protection measures.33 6 Assessment of risk components for a structure.36 6.1 Basic equation.36 6.2 Assessment of risk components due to flashes to the structure (S1).36 6.3 Assessment of the risk component due to flashes near the structure (S2) .36 6.4 Assessment of risk components due to flashes to a line connected to the structure (S3) .37 6.5 Assessment of risk component due to flashes near a line connected to the structure (S4) .37 6.6 Summary of risk components in a structure .39 6.7 Partitioning of a structure in zones ZS .39 6.8 Assessment of risk components in a structure with zones ZS.40 7 Assessment of risk components for a service .41 7.1 Basic equation.41 7.2 Assessment of components due to flashes to the service (S3).41 7.3 Assessment of risk component due to flashes near the service (S4).41 7.4 Assessment of risk components due to flashes to structures to which the service is connected (S1) .42 7.5 Summary of risk components for a service .42 7.6 Partitioning of a service into sections SS .43
– 2 –62305-2 © IEC:2006
62305-2 IEC:2006 – 5 –
Annex A (informative)
Assessment of annual number N of dangerous events.44 Annex B
(informative)
Assessment of probability PX of damage for a structure.53 Annex C (informative)
Assessment of amount of loss LX in a structure.59 Annex D (informative)
Assessment of probability P′X of damage to a service .64 Annex E (informative)
Assessment of the amount of loss L′X in a service.68 Annex F (informative)
Switching overvoltages.70 Annex G (informative)
Evaluation of costs of loss .71 Annex H (informative)
Case study for structures .72 Annex I (informative)
Case study for services – Telecommunication line.99 Annex J (informative)
Simplified software for risk assessment for structures.105
Bibliography.110
Figure 1 – Procedure for deciding the need of protection .31 Figure 2 – Procedure for evaluating the cost-effectiveness of protection measures.32 Fiigure 3 – Procedure for selecting protection measures in structures.34 Figure 4 – Procedure for selecting protection measures in services .35 Figure 5 – Structures at line ends: at “b” end the structure to be protected
(structure b) and at “a” end an adjacent structure(structure a) .38 Figure A.1 – Collection area Ad of an isolated structure .45 Figure A.2 – Complex shape structure .46 Figure A.3 – Different methods to determine the collection area
for the structure of Figure A.2.47 Figure A.4 – Structure to be considered for evaluation of collection area Ad .48 Figure A.5 – Collection areas (Ad, Am, Ai, Al).52 Figure I.1 – Telecommunication line to be protected .99 Figure J.1 – Example for a country house (see Clause H.1 – no protection measures provided) .108 Figure J.2 – Example for a country house (see Clause H.1 – protection measures provided) .109
Table 1 – Sources of damage, types of damage and types of loss selected
according to the point of strike.22 Table 2 – Risk in a structure for each type of damage and of loss.23 Table 3 – Risk components to be considered for each type of loss in a structure .26 Table 4 – Risk components to be considered for each type of loss in a service.27 Table 5 – Factors influencing the risk components in a structure .28 Table 6 – Factors influencing the risk components in a service.29 Table 7 – Typical values of tolerable risk RT .30 Table 8 – Parameters relevant to the assessment of risk components for a structure.38 Table 9 – Risk components for a structure for different types of damage
caused by different sources.39 62305-2 © IEC:2006– 3 –
62305-2 IEC:2006 – 7 –
Table 10 – Parameters relevant to the assessment of risk components for a service.42 Table 11 – Risk components for a service for different types of damage
caused by different sources.43 Table A. 1 – Values of collection area depending on the evaluation method.46 Table A.2 – Location factor Cd .49 Table A.3 – Collection areas Al and Ai depending on the service characteristics.50 Table A.4 – Transformer factor Ct .51 Table A.5 – Environmental factor Ce .51 Table B.1 – Values of probability PA that a flash to a structure will cause shock
to living beings due to dangerous touch and step voltages.53 Table B.2 – Values of PB depending on the protection measures to reduce physical damage .54 Table B.3 – Value of the probability PSPD as a function of LPL
for which SPDs are designed.54 Table B.4 – Value of the probability PMS as a function of factor KMS .55 Table B.5 – Value of factor KS3 depending on internal wiring .56 Table B.6 – Values of the probability PLD depending on the resistance RS of the cable screen and the impulse withstand voltage Uw of the equipment .57 Table B.7 – Values of the probability PLI depending on the resistance RS of the cable screen and the impulse withstand voltage Uw of the equipment .58 Table C.1 – Typical mean values of Lt, Lf and Lo.60 Table C.2 – Values of reduction factors ra and ru as a function
of the type of surface of soil or floor .60 Table C.3 – Values of reduction factor rp as a function of provisions taken
to reduce the consequences of fire.61 Table C.4 – Values of reduction factor rf as a function of risk of fire of structure .61 Table C.5 – Values of factor h increasing the relative amount of loss
in presence of a special hazard .61 Table C.6 – Typical mean values of Lf and Lo .62 Table C.7 – Typical mean values of Lt, Lf and Lo .63 Table D.1 – Values of factor Kd as function of the characteristics of the shielded line .64 Table D.2 – Values of the factor Kp as function of the protection measures.65 Table D.3 – Impulse withstand voltage Uw as a function of the type of cable.65 Table D.4 – Impulse withstand voltage Uw as a function of the type of apparatus.65 Table D.5 – Values of probability P′B, P′C, P′V and P′W as function of
the failure current Ia .66 Table E.1 – Typical mean values of L′f and L′o.68 Table H.1 – Structure data and characteristics.72 Table H.2 – Data and characteristics of lines and connected internal systems .73 Table H.3 – Zone Z2 (inside the building) characteristics .74 Table H.4 – Collection areas of structure and lines .74 Table H.5 – Expected annual number of dangerous events.75 Table H.6 – Risk components involved and their calculation (values x 10–5) .75 – 4 –62305-2 © IEC:2006
62305-2 IEC:2006 – 9 –
Table H.7 – Values of risk components relevant to risk R1 (values × 10–5)
for suitable cases.77 Table H.8 – Structure characteristics .77 Table H.9 – Internal power system and connected power line characteristics.78 Table H.10 – Internal telecom system and connected TLC line characteristics.78 Table H.11 – Zone Z1 (entrance area to the building) characteristics .79 Table H.12 – Zone Z2 (garden) characteristics.79 Table H.13 – Zone Z3 (archive) characteristics .79 Table H.14 – Zone Z4 (offices) characteristics .80 Table H.15 – Zone Z5 (computer centre) characteristics.80 Table H.16 – Collection areas of structure and lines .80 Table H.17 – Expected annual number of dangerous events.81 Table H.18 – Risk R1- Values of risk components according to zones (values × 10–5).81 Table H.19 –Composition of risk R1 components according to zones (values × 10–5).81 Table H.20 – Values of risk R1 according to solution chosen (values × 10–5) .82 Table H.21 – Structure characteristics .83 Table H.22 – Internal power system and relevant incoming power line characteristics .84 Table H.23 – Internal telecom system and relevant incoming line characteristics .84 Table H.24 – Zone Z1 (outside building) characteristics .85 Table H.25 – Zone Z2 (rooms block) characteristics.86 Table H.26 – Zone Z3 (operating block) characteristics.86 Table H.27 – Zone Z4 ( intensive care unity) characteristics.87 Table H.28 – Expected annual number of dangerous events.87 Table H.29 – Risk R1 – Risk components to be considered according to zones.88 Table H.30 – Risk R1 – Values of probability P for unprotected structure .88 Table H.31 – Risk R1 – Values of risk components for unprotected structure
according to zones (values × 10–5) .89 Table H.32 – Composition of risk R1 components according to zones (values × 10–5) .89 Table H.33 – Risk R1– Values of probability P for the protected structure
according to solution a).91 Table H.34 – Risk R1 – Values of probability P for protected structure
according to solution b).91 Table H.35 – Risk R1 – Values of probability P for the protected structure
according to solution c).92 Table H.36 – Risk R1 – Values of risk according to solution chosen (values × 10–5).92 Table H.37 – Values of costs of loss relevant to zones (values in $ ×106).93 Table H.38 – Values relevant to rates .93 Table H.39 – Risk R4 – Values of risk components for unprotected structure
according to zones (values ×10–5) .94 62305-2 © IEC:2006– 5 –
62305-2 IEC:2006 – 11 –
Table H.40 – Amount of losses CL and CRL (values in $) .94 Table H.41 – Costs CP and CPM of protection measures (values in $).95 Table H.42 – Annual saving of money (values in $).95 Table H.43 – Structure characteristics .96 Table H.44 – Zone Z2 parameters.96 Table H.45 – Internal power system and relevant incoming line parameters.97 Table H.46 – Internal telecom system and relevant incoming line parameters.97 Table H.47 – Protection measures to be adopted according to the height of the building and its risk of fire.98 Table I.1 – Section S1 of line characteristics.100 Table I.2 – Section S2 of line characteristics.100 Table I.3 – End of line structure characteristics.101 Table I.4 – Expected annual number of dangerous events .101 Table I.5 – Risk R′2- Risk components relevant to sections S of the line.101 Table I.6 – Risk R′2- Values of failure currents and probabilities P′ for unprotected line.102 Table I.7 – Risk R′2- Values of risk components for unprotected line
according to sections S of the line (values × 10–3) .103 Table I.8 – Risk R′2- Values of probabilities P′ for the protected line.104 Table I.9 – Risk R′2- Values of risk components for the line protected with SPDs installed in the transition point T1/2 and Ta with PSPD = 0,03 (values × 10–3).104 Table J.1 – Parameters for the user to change freely.105 Table J.2 – Limited subset of parameters to be changed by the user .105 Table J.3 – Fixed parameters (not to altered by the user) .107
– 6 –62305-2 © IEC:2006
62305-2 IEC:2006 – 13 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION ___________
PROTECTION AGAINST LIGHTNING –
Part 2: Risk management
FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations. 2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any misinterpretation by any end user. 4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter. 5) IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any equipment declared to be in conformity with an IEC Publication. 6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication. 7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is indispensable for the correct application of this publication. 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard IEC 62305-2 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 81: Lightning protection. The IEC 62305 series (Parts 1 to 5), is produced in accordance with the New Publications Plan, approved by National Committees (81/171/RQ (2001-06-29)), which restructures and updates, in a more simple and rational form, the publications of the IEC 61024 series, the IEC 61312 series and the IEC 61663 series. The text of this first edition of IEC 62305-2 is compiled from and replaces – IEC 61662, first edition (1995) and its Amendment (1996). – 7 –62305-2 © IEC:2006
62305-2 IEC:2006 – 15 –
The text of this standard is based on the following documents: FDIS Report on voting 81/263/FDIS 81/268/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above table. This publication has been drafted, as close as possible, in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. IEC 62305 consists of the following parts, under the general title Protection against lightning: Part 1:
General principles Part 2: Risk management
Part 3:
Physical damage to structures and life hazard Part 4:
Electrical and electronic systems within structures Part 5:
Services1
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the maintenance result date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed, • withdrawn, • replaced by a revised edition, or • amended. ___________ 1 To be published 62305-2 © IEC:2006– 8 –
62305-2 IEC:2006 – 17 –
INTRODUCTION Lightning flashes to earth may be hazardous to structures and to services. The hazard to a structure can result in – damage to the structure and to its contents, – failure of associated electrical and electronic systems, – injury to living beings in or close to the structure.
Consequential effects of the damage and failures may be extended to the surroundings of the structure or may involve its environment. The hazard to services can result in – damage to the service itself, – failure of associated electrical and electronic equipment. To reduce the loss due to lightning, protection measures may be required. Whether they are needed, and to what extent, should be determined by risk assessment.
The risk, defined in this standard as the probable average annual loss in a structure and in a service due to lightning flashes, depends on: – the annual number of lightning flashes influencing the structure and the service;
– the probability of damage by one of the influencing lightning flashes; – the mean amount of consequential loss.
Lightning flashes influencing the structure may be divided into – flashes terminating on the structure, – flashes terminating near the structure, direct to connected services (power, telecom-munication lines, other services) or near the services.
Lightning flashes influencing the service may be divided into – flashes terminating on the service, – flashes terminating near the service or direct to a structure connected to the servi
...
SLOVENSKI SIST EN 62305-2
STANDARD
junij 2006
Zaščita pred delovanjem strele – 2. del: Vodenje rizika
(IEC 62305-2:2006)
Protection against lightning – Part 2: Risk management
(IEC 62305-2:2006)
Protection contre la foudre – Partie 2: Evaluation du risque
(CEI 62305-2:2006)
Blitzschutz – Teil 2: Risiko-Management
(IEC 62305-2:2006)
Referenčna oznaka
ICS 91.120.40; 92.020 SIST EN 62305-2:2006 (sl)
Nadaljevanje na straneh II in od 1 do 109
© 2009-09. Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 62305-2 : 2006
NACIONALNI UVOD
Standard SIST EN 62305-2 (sl), Zaščita pred delovanjem strele – 2. del: Vodenje rizika (IEC 62305-
2:2006), 2006, ima status slovenskega standarda in je istoveten evropskemu standardu EN 62305-2
(en), Protection against lightning – Part 2: Risk management, 2006.
NACIONALNI PREDGOVOR
Evropski standard EN 62305-2:2006 je pripravil tehnični odbor Evropske organizacije za
standardizacijo v elektrotehniki CLC/TC 81X Zaščita pred delovanjem strele. Evropski standard je
istoveten mednarodnemu standardu IEC 62305-2:2006, ki ga je pripravil tehnični odbor Mednarodne
elektrotehniške komisije IEC/TC 81 Zaščita pred delovanjem strele.
Slovenski standard SIST EN 62305-2:2006 je prevod evropskega standarda EN 62305-2:2006. V
primeru spora glede besedila slovenskega prevoda v tem standardu je odločilen izvirni evropski
standard v angleškem jeziku. Slovensko izdajo standarda je pripravil tehnični odbor SIST/TC STZ –
Zaščita pred delovanjem strele.
Odločitev za privzem tega standarda po metodi ponatisa je dne 24. oktobra 2006 sprejel tehnični
odbor SIST/TC STZ.
OSNOVA ZA IZDAJO STANDARDA
Privzem standarda EN 62305-2:2006.
ZVEZE S STANDARDI
S privzemom tega evropskega standarda veljajo za omenjeni namen referenčnih standardov vsi
standardi, navedeni v izvirniku, razen tistih, ki so že sprejeti v nacionalno standardizacijo:
SIST EN 60079-10:2003 Električne naprave za eksplozivne plinske atmosfere – 10. del: Razdelitev
eksplozijsko ogroženih prostorov (IEC 60079-10:2002)
SIST EN 61241-10:2005 Električne naprave za uporabo v prisotnosti gorljivega prahu – 10. del:
Razdelitev prostorov, v katerih je lahko prisoten gorljiv prah (IEC 61241-
10:2004)
SIST EN 62305-1 Zaščita pred delovanjem strele – 1. del: Splošna načela
SIST EN 62305-3 Zaščita pred delovanjem strele – 3. del: Fizična škoda na zgradbah in
nevarnost za živa bitja
SIST EN 62305-4 Zaščita pred delovanjem strele – 4. del: Električni in elektronski sistemi v
zgradbah
OPOMBE
– Nacionalni uvod in nacionalni predgovor nista sestavni del standarda.
– Povsod, kjer se v besedilu standarda uporablja izraz “evropski standard”, v SIST EN 62305-
2:2006 to pomeni “slovenski standard”.
– Ta nacionalni dokument je istoveten z EN 62305-2:2006 in je objavljen z dovoljenjem
CENELEC
Avenue Marnix 17
B-1050 Bruselj
Belgija
– This national document is identical with EN 62305-2:2006 and is published with the permission of
CENELEC
Avenue Marnix 17
B-1050 Bruxelles
Belgium
II
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EVROPSKI STANDARD EN 62305-2
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM februar 2006
ICS 29.020; 91.120.40
Slovenska izdaja
Zaščita pred delovanjem strele – 2. del: Vodenje tveganja
(IEC 62305-2:2006)
Protection against lightning – Protection contre la foudre – Blitzschutz –
Part 2: Risk management Partie 2: Evaluation du risque Teil 2: Risiko-Management
(IEC 62305-2:2006) (CEI 62305-2:2006) (IEC 62305-2:2006)
Ta evropski standard je CENELEC sprejel 1. februarja 2006. Člani CENELEC morajo izpolnjevati
notranje predpise CEN/CENELEC, s katerimi je predpisano, da mora biti ta standard brez kakršnihkoli
sprememb sprejet kot nacionalni standard.
Najnovejši seznami teh nacionalnih standardov z njihovimi bibliografskimi podatki se na zahtevo lahko
dobijo pri Centralnem sekretariatu ali katerikoli članici CENELEC.
Ta evropski standard obstaja v treh izvirnih izdajah (angleški, francoski in nemški). Izdaje v drugih
jezikih, ki jih članice CENELEC na lastno odgovornost prevedejo in izdajo ter prijavijo pri Centralnem
sekretariatu CEN, veljajo kot uradne izdaje.
Člani CENELEC so nacionalni organi za standarde Avstrije, Belgije, Cipra, Češke republike, Danske,
Estonije, Finske, Francije, Grčije, Irske, Islandije, Italije, Latvije, Litve, Luksemburga, Malte,
Madžarske, Nemčije, Nizozemske, Norveške, Poljske, Portugalske, Romunije, Slovaške, Slovenije,
Španije, Švedske, Švice in Združenega kraljestva.
CENELEC
Evropski komite za standardizacijo
European Committee for Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation
Europäisches Komitee für Normung
Centralni sekretariat: Rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Bruselj
© 2006 CENELEC. Lastnice avtorskih pravic so vse države članice CENELEC. Ref. oznaka EN 62305-2:2006 E
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SIST EN 62305-2 : 2006
Predgovor
Besedilo dokumenta 81/263/FDIS, prihodnje 1. izdaje standarda IEC 62305-2, ki ga je pripravil
tehnični odbor IEC/TC 81, Strelovodna zaščita, je CENELEC 1. februarja 2006 po vzporednem
glasovanju v IEC in CENELEC sprejel kot EN 62305-2.
Določena sta bila naslednja datuma:
– zadnji datum, do katerega mora EN dobiti status
nacionalnega standarda bodisi z objavo istovetnega besedila
ali z razglasitvijo (dop) 2006-11-01
– zadnji datum, ko je treba razveljaviti nacionalne standarde,
ki so z EN v nasprotju (dow) 2009-02-01
Ta evropski standard se sklicuje na mednarodne standarde. Kadar je bil mednarodni standard, na
katerega se sklicuje, sprejet kot evropski standard ali kadar obstaja samostojen evropski standard, se
namesto referenčnega uporablja evropski standard. Ustrezne informacije so na voljo na spletni strani
CENELEC.
Razglasitvena objava
Besedilo mednarodnega standarda IEC 62305-2:2006 je CENELEC odobril kot evropski standard brez
sprememb.
2
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SIST EN 62305-2 : 2006
VSEBINA Stran
Predgovor .8
Uvod .10
1 Področje uporabe .12
2 Zveza s standardi .12
3 Izrazi, definicije, simboli in okrajšave .13
4 Razlaga izrazov.22
4.1 Škoda in izguba.22
4.2 Riziko in komponente rizika.24
4.3 Sestavljanje komponent rizika v zvezi z zgradbo.26
4.4 Sestavljanje komponent rizika v zvezi z oskrbovalnim vodom.28
4.5 Dejavniki, ki vplivajo na komponente rizika.29
5 Vodenje tveganja.30
5.1 Osnovni postopek.30
5.2. Zgradba, izbrana za ocenitev rizika.30
5.3 Oskrbovalni vod, izbran za ocenitev rizika .30
5.4 Tolerančni riziko, R .31
T
5.5 Specifičen postopek ovrednotenja potrebnosti zaščite .31
5.6 Postopek ovrednotenja stroškovne učinkovitosti zaščite .32
5.7 Zaščitni ukrepi .34
5.8 Izbira zaščitnih ukrepov.34
6 Ocenitev komponent rizika za stavbo.37
6.1 Osnovna enačba .37
6.2 Ocenitev komponent rizika zaradi udarov strele v zgradbo (S1) .37
6.3 Ocenitev komponente rizika zaradi udarov strele v bližino zgradbe (S2) .37
6.4 Ocenitev komponent rizika zaradi udarov strele v vod, povezan z zgradbo (S3) .37
6.5 Ocenitev komponente rizika zaradi udarov strele v bližino voda, povezanega z zgradbo (S4).38
6.6 Povzetek komponent rizika za zgradbo.39
6.7 Razdelitev zgradbe na zaščitne cone Z .40
S
6.8 Ocenitev komponent rizika v zgradbi z zaščitnimi conami Z .40
S
7 Ocenitev komponent rizika za oskrbovalni vod .42
7.1 Osnovna enačba .42
7.2 Ocenitev komponent rizika zaradi udarov strele v oskrbovalni vod (S3) .42
7.3 Ocenitev komponente rizika zaradi udarov strele v bližino oskrbovalnega voda (S4).42
7.4 Ocenitev komponent rizika zaradi udarov strele v zgradbo, s katero je povezan
oskrbovalni vod (S1) .42
7.5 Povzetek komponent rizika za oskrbovalni vod .43
7.6 Razdelitev oskrbovalnega voda na odseke S .44
S
Dodatek A (informativni): Ocenitev letnega števila nevarnih dogodkov N .45
Dodatek B (informativni): Ocenitev verjetnosti škode P za zgradbo .54
x
3
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SIST EN 62305-2 : 2006
Dodatek C (informativni): Ocenitev vrednosti izgub L v zgradbi.60
X
Dodatek D (informativni): Ocenitev verjetnosti P ' škode na oskrbovalnem vodu .65
X
Dodatek E (informativni): Ocenitev vrednosti izgube L' na oskrbovalnem vodu .69
X
Dodatek F (informativni): Stikalne prenapetosti .71
Dodatek G (informativni): Določitev vrednosti stroškov izgube.72
Dodatek H (informativni): Primer izračuna za zgradbo .73
Dodatek I (informativni): Primeri izračunov za oskrbovalne vode – telekomunikacijski vod .98
Dodatek J (informativni): Poenostavljen programski paket za ocenitev rizika za zgradbe . 104
Bibliografija . 109
Slika 1: Postopek odločanja o potrebnosti zaščite .32
Slika 2: Postopek ovrednotenja stroškovne učinkovitosti zaščitnih ukrepov.33
Slika 3: Postopek izbire zaščitnih ukrepov za zgradbe .35
Slika 4: Postopek izbire zaščitnih ukrepov za napeljavo.36
Slika 5: Zgradbi na koncih voda: na koncu “b” je ščitena zgradba (zgradba b) in na koncu “a” je
sosednja zgradba (zgradba a) .39
Slika A.1: Zbirna površina A za osamljeno zgradbo.46
d
Slika A.2: Zgradba zapletene oblike.47
Slika A.3: Različne metode določanja zbirne površine za zgradbo na sliki A.2.48
Slika A.4: Zgradba, ki se upošteva za ovrednotenje zbirne površine A .49
d
Slika A.5: Zbirne površine (A , A , A , A ).53
d m i l
Slika I.1: Ščiteni telekomunikacijski vod.98
Slika J.1: Primer za podeželsko hišo (glej točko H.1 – niso izvedeni nobeni zaščitni ukrepi) . 107
Slika J.2: Primer za podeželsko hišo (glej točko H.1 – izvedeni so zaščitni ukrepi) . 108
Preglednica 1: Viri škode, vrste škode in vrste izgube glede na mesto udara strele.23
Preglednica 2: Tveganje v zgradbi za vsako vrsto škode in izgube.24
Preglednica 3: Komponente rizika za zgradbo, ki jih je treba upoštevati v vsaki vrsti izgube .27
Preglednica 4: Komponente rizika za oskrbovalni vod, ki jih je treba upoštevati pri vsaki vrsti izgube .28
Preglednica 5: Dejavniki za zgradbo, ki vplivajo na komponente rizika.29
Preglednica 6: Dejavniki za oskrbovalni vod, ki vplivajo na komponente rizika.29
Preglednica 7: Tipične vrednosti tolerančnega rizika R .31
T
Preglednica 8: Parametri v zvezi z ocenitvijo komponent rizika za zgradbo.38
Preglednica 9: Pregled komponent rizika za zgradbo za različne vrste škode, ki jih povzročijo
različni viri .40
Preglednica 10: Parametri v zvezi z ocenitvijo komponent rizika za oskrbovalni vod.43
Preglednica 11: Komponente rizika za oskrbovalni vod za različne vrste škode, ki jih povzročijo
različni viri .43
Preglednica A.1: Vrednosti zbirne površine, odvisne od metode izračuna.46
Preglednica A.2: Faktor umeščanja C .50
d
Preglednica A.3: Zbirne površine A in A , odvisne od lastnosti oskrbovalnega voda.51
l i
4
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SIST EN 62305-2 : 2006
Preglednica A.4: Faktor transformatorja C .52
t
Preglednica A.5: Faktor okolja C .52
e
Preglednica B.1: Vrednosti verjetnosti P , če udar strele povzroči prevelike inducirane napetosti
A
dotika in koraka in s tem ogroža življenje .54
Preglednica B.2: Vrednosti P , odvisne od zaščitnih ukrepov za zmanjšanje fizične škode.55
B
Preglednica B.3: Vrednosti verjetnosti P , odvisne od nivoja strelovodne zaščite, za katero je
SPD
prenapetostna zaščita projektirana.55
Preglednica B.4: Vrednost verjetnosti P kot funkcija faktorja K .56
MS MS
Preglednica B.5: Vrednost faktorja K , ki odvisen od vrste notranjih napeljav.57
S3
Preglednica B.6: Vrednosti verjetnosti P , ki so odvisne od upornosti kabelskega zaslona R in zdržne
LD S
udarne napetosti U opreme .58
W
Preglednica B.7: Vrednosti verjetnosti P , ki so odvisne od upornosti kabelskega zaslona R in zdržne
LI S
udarne napetosti U za opremo .59
W
Preglednica C.1: Značilne srednje vrednosti izgub L , L in L .61
t f o
Preglednica C.2: Vrednosti faktorjev zmanjšanja r in r kot funkcija vrste površine zemlje in tal .61
a u
Preglednica C.3: Vrednosti faktorja zmanjšanja r kot funkcija ukrepov za zmanjšanje posledic
p
požara .62
Preglednica C.4: Vrednosti faktorja zmanjšanja r kot funkcija tveganja požara v zgradbi .62
f
Preglednica C.5: Vrednosti faktorja povečanja h zaradi prisotnosti posebnih nevarnosti.62
z
Preglednica C.6: Značilne srednje vrednosti izgub L in L .63
f o
Preglednica C.7: Značilne srednje vrednosti L , L in L .64
t f o
Preglednica D.1: Vrednosti faktorja K kot funkcija lastnosti oklopljenega voda.65
d
Preglednica D.2: Vrednosti faktorja K kot funkcija zaščitnih ukrepov .66
p
Preglednica D.3: Zdržna udarna napetost razelektritvenega vala U kot funkcija vrste kabla.66
W
Preglednica D.4: Zdržna udarna napetost razelektritvenega vala U kot funkcija vrste aparata .66
W
Preglednica D.5: Vrednosti verjetnosti P' , P' , P' in P' kot funkcija toka okvare I .67
B C V W a
Preglednica E.1: Značilne povprečne vrednosti izgub L' in L' .69
f o
Preglednica H.1: Podatki in značilnosti za zgradbo .73
Preglednica H.2: Podatki in lastnosti vodov in nanje povezanih notranjih sistemov.74
Preglednica H.3: Lastnosti zaščitne cone Z (notranjost zgradbe) .75
2
Preglednica H.4: Zbirne površine zgradbe in vodov .75
Preglednica H.5: Pričakovano letno število nevarnih dogodkov .76
−5
Preglednica H.6: Vključene komponente rizika in njihov izračun (vrednosti · 10 ).76
−5
Preglednica H.7: Vrednosti komponent rizika, ki ustrezajo riziku R (vrednosti · 10 ) za oba primera .78
1
Preglednica H.8: Lastnosti zgradbe .78
Preglednica H.9: Lastnosti notranjega energetskega sistema in energetskega voda, povezanega z
zgradbo .79
Preglednica H.10: Lastnosti notranjega telekomunikacijskega sistema in telekomunikacijskega voda,
povezanega z zgradbo.79
Preglednica H.11: Lastnosti zaščitne cone Z (cona ob vhodu v stavbo) .80
1
Preglednica H.12: Lastnosti zaščitne cone Z (vrt) .80
2
Preglednica H.13: Lastnosti zaščitne cone Z (arhiv).80
3
5
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SIST EN 62305-2 : 2006
Preglednica H.14: Lastnosti zaščitne cone Z (pisarne).81
4
Preglednica H.15: Lastnosti zaščitne cone Z (računalniški center) .81
5
Preglednica H.16: Zbirne površine zgradbe in vodov.81
Preglednica H.17: Pričakovano letno število nevarnih dogodkov .82
5
−
Preglednica H.18: Riziko R – vrednosti komponent rizika glede na zaščitne cone (vrednosti · 10 ).82
1
−5
Preglednica H.19: Sestavljanje komponent rizika R glede na zaščitne cone (vrednosti · 10 ) .82
1
−5
Preglednica H.20: Vrednosti rizika R skladno z izbranima rešitvama (vrednosti · 10 ).83
1
Preglednica H.21: Lastnosti zgradbe .84
Preglednica H.22: Lastnosti notranjega energetskega sistema in energetskega voda, ki vstopa v
zgradbo .84
Preglednica H.23: Lastnosti notranjega telekomunikacijskega sistema in telekomunikacijskega
voda, ki vstopa v zgradbo .85
Preglednica H.24: Lastnosti zaščitne cone Z (cona zunaj stavbe) .86
1
Preglednica H.25: Lastnosti zaščitne cone Z (sobni oddelek) .86
2
Preglednica H.26: Lastnosti zaščitne cone Z (operacijska soba) .87
3
Preglednica H.27: Lastnosti zaščitne cone Z (oddelek za intenzivno nego) .87
4
Preglednica H.28: Pričakovano letno število nevarnih dogodkov .88
Preglednica H.29: Riziko R – komponente rizika, ki se upoštevajo glede na zaščitne cone.88
1
Preglednica H.30: Riziko R – vrednosti P za nezaščiteno zgradbo.89
1
Preglednica H.31: Riziko R – vrednosti komponent rizika za nezaščiteno zgradbo glede na
1
−5
zaščitne cone (vrednosti · 10 ) .89
5
−
Preglednica H.32: Sestavljanje komponent rizika R glede na zaščitne cone (vrednosti · 10 ) .90
1
Preglednica H.33: Riziko R – vrednosti verjetnosti P za zaščiteno zgradbo glede na rešitev a) .91
1
Preglednica H.34: Riziko R – vrednosti verjetnosti P za zaščiteno zgradbo glede na rešitev b) .92
1
Preglednica H.35: Riziko R – vrednosti verjetnosti P za zaščiteno zgradbo glede na rešitev c) .92
1
−5
Preglednica H.36: Riziko R – vrednosti rizika glede na izbrano rešitev (vrednosti · 10 ) .93
1
6
Preglednica H.37: Vrednosti stroškov izgub po zaščitnih conah (vrednosti v $ · 10 ).93
Preglednica H.38: Vrednosti, ki ustrezajo stopnjam.93
Preglednica H.39: Riziko R – vrednosti komponent rizika za nezaščiteno zgradbo glede na
4
−5
zaščitne cone (vrednosti · 10 ).94
Preglednica H.40: Vrednosti stroškov izgub C in C (vrednosti so v $).94
L RL
Preglednica H.41: Stroški C in C zaščitnih ukrepov (vrednosti so v $).94
P PM
Preglednica H.42: Letni prihranek denarja (vrednosti so v $) .95
Preglednica H.43: Lastnosti zgradbe .95
Preglednica H.44: Parametri zaščitne cone Z .96
2
Preglednica H.45: Lastnosti notranjega energetskega sistema in energetskega voda, ki vstopa v
stavbo.96
Preglednica H.46: Lastnosti notranjega telekomunikacijskega sistema in telekomunikacijskega voda,
ki vstopa v stavbo.97
Preglednica H.47: Sprejeti zaščitni ukrepi glede na višino stavbe in tveganja požara .97
Preglednica I.1: Lastnosti telekomunikacijskega voda na odseku S .99
1
Preglednica I.2: Lastnosti telekomunikacijskega voda na odseku S .99
2
6
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SIST EN 62305-2 : 2006
Preglednica I.3: Lastnosti zgradb na koncu voda .99
Preglednica I.4: Pričakovano letno število nevarnih dogodkov. 100
Preglednica I.5: Riziko R' – komponente rizika, ki ustrezajo odsekom voda . 100
2
Preglednica I.6: Riziko R' – vrednosti tokov okvare in verjetnosti P' za nezaščiten vod. 101
2
Preglednica I.7: Riziko R' – vrednosti komponent rizika za nezaščiten vod glede na odseke
2
3
−
voda S (vrednosti 10 ) . 102
Preglednica I.8: Riziko R' – vrednosti verjetnosti P' za ščiten vod . 103
2
Preglednica I.9: Riziko R' – vrednosti komponent rizika za vod, ščiten s prenapetostnimi zaščitnimi
2
−3
napravami na prehodnih točkah T in T s P = 0,03 (vrednosti 10 ) . 103
1/2 a SPD
Preglednica J.1: Parametri, ki jih lahko uporabnik prosto izbira. 105
Preglednica J.2: Omejen uporaba parametrov, ki jih uporabnik lahko spreminja. 105
Preglednica J.3: Parametri, ki imajo določeno vrednost (uporabnik je ne more spreminjati) . 106
7
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SIST EN 62305-2 : 2006
PREDGOVOR
1) IEC (Mednarodna elektrotehniška komisija) je svetovna organizacija za standardizacijo, ki
združuje vse nacionalne elektrotehnične komiteje (nacionalni komiteji IEC). Cilj IEC je pospeševati
mednarodno sodelovanje v vseh vprašanjih standardizacije s področja elektrotehnike in
elektronike. V ta namen poleg drugih aktivnosti izdaja mednarodne standarde. Za njihovo pripravo
so odgovorni tehnični odbori (TC). Vsak nacionalni komite IEC, ki ga zanima obravnavana tema,
lahko sodeluje v tem pripravljalnem delu. Prav tako lahko v pripravi sodelujejo mednarodne
organizacije ter vladne in nevladne ustanove, ki so povezane z IEC. IEC deluje v tesni povezavi z
mednarodno organizacijo za standardizacijo ISO skladno s pogoji, določenimi v soglasju med
obema organizacijama.
2) Uradne odločitve ali sporazumi IEC o tehničnih vprašanjih, pripravljeni v tehničnih odborih, kjer so
prisotni vsi nacionalni komiteji, ki jih tema zanima, izražajo, kolikor je mogoče, mednarodno
soglasje o obravnavani temi.
3) Publikacije IEC imajo obliko priporočil za mednarodno uporabo ter jih kot takšne sprejmejo
nacionalni komiteji IEC. Čeprav IEC skuša zagotavljati natančnost tehničnih vsebin v publikacijah
IEC, IEC ni odgovoren za
...
81/241/CDV
COMMITTEE DRAFT FOR VOTE (CDV)
PROJET DE COMITÉ POUR VOTE (CDV)
Project number IEC 62305-2, Ed.1
Numéro de projet
IEC/TC or SC: Date of circulation Closing date for voting (Voting
TC 81
Date de diffusion mandatory for P-members)
CEI/CE ou SC:
Date de clôture du vote (Vote
2004-01-09
obligatoire pour les membres (P))
2004-06-11
Titre du CE/SC: Protection contre la foudre TC/SC Title: Lightning protection
Secretary: Dr. Ing. G.B. Lo Piparo (Italy)
Secrétaire: E-mail: lopiparo@rai.it
Also of interest to the following committees Supersedes documents
Intéresse également les comités suivants Remplace les documents
SC 37A, TC 64, TC 77 81/213/CD – 81/222A/CC
Functions concerned
Fonctions concernées
Safety EMC Environment Quality assurance
Sécurité
CEM Environnement Assurance qualité
CE DOCUMENT EST TOUJOURS À L'ÉTUDE ET SUSCEPTIBLE DE THIS DOCUMENT IS STILL UNDER STUDY AND SUBJECT TO CHANGE. IT
MODIFICATION. IL NE PEUT SERVIR DE RÉFÉRENCE. SHOULD NOT BE USED FOR REFERENCE PURPOSES.
LES RÉCIPIENDAIRES DU PRÉSENT DOCUMENT SONT INVITÉS À RECIPIENTS OF THIS DOCUMENT ARE INVITED TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR
PRÉSENTER, AVEC LEURS OBSERVATIONS, LA NOTIFICATION DES COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF
DROITS DE PROPRIÉTÉ DONT ILS AURAIENT ÉVENTUELLEMENT WHICH THEY ARE AWARE AND TO PROVIDE SUPPORTING
CONNAISSANCE ET À FOURNIR UNE DOCUMENTATION EXPLICATIVE. DOCUMENTATION.
Titre : CEI 62305-2, Ed. 1: Protection contre la Title : IEC 62305-2, Ed. 1: Protection against
foudre - Partie 2: Evaluation du risque lightning - Part 2: Risk management
Note d'introduction Introductory note
There will be no French version of the CDV.
This document has been prepared based on the decisions taken at the last TC 81 meeting, (see
81/236/RM item 8).
The simplified software for risk management (see Annex J) will be allocated in an IEC FTP server
assigned for TC 81 use and will be downloadable by National Committees. Risk assessment
performed with the help of this software will be fully in line with procedure and requirements of IEC
62305-2.
ATTENTION ATTENTION
CDV soumis en parallèle au vote (CEI) Parallel IEC CDV/CENELEC Enquiry
et à l’enquête (CENELEC)
Copyright © 2004 International Electrotechnical Commission, IEC. All rights reserved. It is
permitted to download this electronic file, to make a copy and to print out the content for the sole
purpose of preparing National Committee positions. You may not copy or "mirror" the file or
printed version of the document, or any part of it, for any other purpose without permission in
writing from IEC.
FORM CDV (IEC)
2002-08-09
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
62305-2 Ed. 1/CDV IEC – 2 –
Contents
FOREWORD 4
INTRODUCTION 5
1. Scope and object 6
2. Normative references 6
3. Terms and definitions 6
4. Explanation of terms 10
4.1 Damages and loss 10
4.1.1 Source of damage 10
4.1.2 Types of damage 10
4.1.3 Types of loss 11
4.2 Risk and risk components 12
4.2.1 Risk 12
4.2.2 Risk components for a structure due to flashes to the structure 13
4.2.3 Risk component for a structure due to a flash near the structure 13
4.2.4 Risk components for a structure due to flashes to a service 13
connected to the structure
4.2.5 Risk component for a structure due to a flash near a service 13
connected to the structure
4.2.6 Risk components for a service due to flashes to the service 14
4.2.7 Risk component for a service due to a flash near the service 14
4.2.8 Risk components for a service due to flashes to the structure 14
to which the service is connected
4.3 Compositions of risk components related to the structure 14
4.3.1 Composition of risk components with reference to the source 15
of damage (Table 7)
4.3.2 Composition of risk components with reference to the type of 15
damage (Table 7)
4.4 Compositions of risk components related to the services 16
4.4.1 Composition of risk components with reference to the source 16
of damage (Table 9)
4.4.2 Composition of risk components with reference to the type of 17
damage (Table 9)
4.5 Factors influencing the risk components 17
4.5.1 Factors influencing the risk components in a structure 17
4.5.2 Factors influencing the risk components in a service 18
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
62305-2 Ed. 1/CDV IEC – 3 –
5. Risk management 18
5.1 Basic procedure 18
5.2 Structure to be considered for risk assessment 19
5.3 Service to be considered for risk assessment 19
5.4 Tolerable risk R 19
T
5.5 Procedure to evaluate the need of protection 19
5.6 Procedure to evaluate the economic convenience of protection 21
5.7 Protection measures 22
5.8 Selection of protection measures 22
6. Assessment of risk components for structures 24
6.1 Basic equation 24
6.2 Assessment of the risk components due to flashes to the structure 25
6.3 Assessment of the risk component due to flash near the structure 25
6.4 Assessment of risk components due to flashes to incoming line 25
6.5 Assessment of risk component due to flash near an incoming line 25
6.6 Summary of risk components in a structure 27
6.7 Partitioning of a structure in zones Z 27
S
7. Assessment of risk components for services 28
7.1 Basic equation 28
7.2 Assessment of risk components due to flashes to the service 28
7.3 Assessment of risk component due to flashes near the service 28
7.4 Assessment of risk components due to flashes to the structure to 28
which the service is connected
7.5 Summary of risk components in a service 29
7.6 Partitioning of a service in sections S 30
S
Annex A (informative) Assessment of annual number N of dangerous events 31
Annex B (informative) Assessment of probability P of damage for a structure 37
Annex C (informative) Assessment of amount of loss L for a structure 42
Annex D (informative) Assessment of probability P’ of damage for a service 47
Annex E (informative) Assessment of amount of loss L’ for a service 51
Annex F (informative) Switching overvoltages 53
Annex G (informative) Evaluation of costs of loss 54
Annex H (informative) Case study for structures 55
Annex I (informative) Case study for services 81
Annex J (informative) Simplified software for risk assessment 87
Annex K (informative) List of Acronyms / Symbols 92
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62305-2 Ed. 1/CDV IEC – 4 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
PROTECTION AGAINST LIGHTNING –
Part 1: Risk management
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all
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2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
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International Standard IEC 62305-2 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 81: Protection
against lightning.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
81/XX/FDIS 81/XX/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on voting
indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until ______.
At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed;
• withdrawn;
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
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62305-2 Ed. 1/CDV IEC – 5 –
INTRODUCTION
Lightning flashes to earth are hazardous to structures and to services.
. The hazard to structure can result in:
- damages to the structure and to its contents
- failures of associated electrical and electronic systems
- injuries of living beings in or close to the structure
Consequential effects of the damages and failures may be extended to the surroundings of the structure or
may involve its environment.
The hazard to services can result in:
- damages to the service itself
- failures of associated electrical and electronic equipment.
To reduce the loss due to lightning, protection measures may be required. Whether they are needed and to
what extend should be determined by risk assessment.
The risk, defined in this standard as the probable average annual loss in a structure and in a service due to
lightning flashes, depends on:
- the annual number of lightning flashes influencing the structure and the service,
- the probability of damage by one of the influencing lightning flashes
- the mean amount of consequential loss.
Lightning flashes influencing the structure may be divided into:
- flashes striking the structure
- flashes striking near the structure and/or near the connected services (power, telecommunication lines,
other services).
Lightning flashes influencing the service may be divided into:
- flashes striking the service
- flashes striking near the service or direct to a structure connected to the service.
Flashes striking the structure or the connected services may cause physical damages and life hazards.
Flashes striking near the structure or service as well as flashes to the structure or service may cause failures
of electrical and electronic systems due to overvoltages resulting from resistive and inductive coupling of
these systems with the lightning current.
Moreover, failures caused by lightning overvoltages in users’ installations and in power supply lines may also
generate switching type overvoltages in the installations
NOTE 1 - Malfunctioning of electrical and electronic systems is not covered by IEC 62305 series. Reference should be made to
Publication IEC 61000-4-5.
NOTE 2 – Information on assessment the risk due to switching overvoltages is reported in Annex F.
The number of lightning flashes influencing the structure and the service depends on the dimensions and the
characteristics of the structure and of the services, on the environment characteristics of the structure and
the service as well as on lightning ground flash density in the region where the structure and the service are
located.
The probability of lightning damages depends on the structure and the service and the lightning current
characteristics as well as on the kind and efficiency of applied protection measures.
The annual mean amount of the consequential loss depends on the extent of damages and the
consequential effects which may occur as result of a lightning flash.
The effect of protection measures results from the features of each protection measure and may reduce the
damage probabilities or the amount of consequential loss.
The assessment of the risk due to all possible effects of lightning flashes to structures and services is
presented in this document being a revised version of IEC 61662: 1995-04 and A1: 1996-05 TR 2, Ed. 1.
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62305-2 Ed. 1/CDV IEC – 6 –
PROTECTION AGAINST LIGHTNING –
Part 1: Risk management
1. Scope and object
This part of IEC 62305 is applicable to risk assessment in a structure or in a service due to lightning flashes
to ground.
The scope of this part of IEC 62305 is to provide a procedure for the evaluation of such a risk. Once an
upper tolerable limit for the risk has been selected, this procedure allows the selection of appropriate
protection measures to be adopted to reduce the risk at or below the tolerable limit.
2. Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute
provisions of this standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were intended to substitute the
ones indicated within brackets ( ); the latter are valid until the issuing of the former. All normative documents
are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this standard are encouraged to investigate the
possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. Members of IEC
and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards.
IEC 60364 series: Electrical installations of buildings;
IEC 60479 series: Effects of current on human beings and livestock;
IEC 61643-1: 1998, Surge protective devices connected to low voltage power distribution systems. Part 1 :
performance, requirements and testing methods.
IEC 61643-12: 2001, Surge protective devices connected to low voltage power distribution systems. Part 12 :
selection and application principles.
IEC 62305-1 : Protection against lightning. Part 1: General principles
IEC 62305-3: Protection against lightning. Part 3: Physical damages and life hazard in structures.
IEC 62305-4 : Protection against lightning. Part 4: Electrical and electronic systems within structures.
IEC 62305-5 : Protection against lightning. Part 5: Services
3. Terms and definitions
For the purpose of this part of IEC 62305, the following definitions as well as those given in other
parts of IEC 62305 apply:
3.1 Object to be protected
Structure or service to be protected against the effects of lightning.
3.2 Structure to be protected
Structure for which protection is required against the effects of lightning in accordance with
this standard.
NOTE - A structure to be protected may be a part of a larger structure.
3.3 Structures with risk of explosion
Structures containing hazardous zones as determined in IEC 60079-10.
NOTE - For the purposes of IEC 62305-2 only structures with hazardous zones type 0 or containing
solid explosive materials are considered.
3.4 Structures dangerous to the environment
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62305-2 Ed. 1/CDV IEC – 7 –
Structures which may cause biological, chemical and radioactive emission as a consequence
of lightning; such as chemical, petrochemical, nuclear plants, etc.
3.5 Urban environment
Area with high density of buildings of densely populated communities with tall buildings.
NOTE – Town centre is an example of urban environment.
3.6 Suburban environment
Area with medium density of buildings.
NOTE – Town outskirts is an example of suburban environment.
3.7 Rural environment
Area with low density of buildings.
NOTE – Countryside is an example of rural environment.
3.8 Rated impulse withstand voltage (U )
w
An impulse withstand voltage assigned by the manufacturer to the equipment or to a part of it,
characterising the specified withstand capability of its insulation against overvoltages
[definition 1.3.9.2 of IEC 60664-1].
NOTE – For the purpose of IEC 62305-2 only common mode withstand voltage is considered.
3.9 Electrical system
A system incorporating low voltage power supply components and possibly also electronic
components.
3.10 Electronic system
A system incorporating sensitive electronic components such as communication equipment,
computer, control and instrumentation systems, radio systems, power electronic installations.
3.11 Internal system
Electrical and electronic systems within a structure.
3.12 Service to be protected
A service entering a structure for which protection is required against the effects of lightning
in accordance with this standard.
NOTE – The service to be protected is the physical means comprising between:
− the switch telecommunication building and the user’s building or two switch
telecommunication buildings or two user`s buildings, for the telecommunication (TLC)
lines;
− the high voltage (HV) substation and the user’s building, for the power lines;
− the main distribution station and the user’s building, for pipes.
3.13 Telecommunication lines
Transmission medium intended for communication between equipment that may be located in
separate structures, such as phone line and data line.
3.14 Power lines
Transmission lines feeding electrical energy into a structure to power electrical and electronic
equipment located there, such as Low Voltage (LV) or High Voltage (HV) electric mains.
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62305-2 Ed. 1/CDV IEC – 8 –
3.15 Pipes
Piping intend to convey a fluid into or out of a structure, such as gas pipe, water pipe, oil pipe.
3.16 Dangerous event
A lightning flash striking the object to be protected or near the object to be protected.
3.17 Lightning flash to an object
Lightning flash striking an object to be protected.
3.18 Lightning flash near an object
Lightning flash striking close enough to an object to be protected that it may cause dangerous
overvoltages.
3.19 Frequency of lightning flashes to a structure (N )
D
Expected annual number of lightning flashes to a structure.
3.20 Frequency of lightning flashes to a service (N )
L
Expected annual number of lightning flashes to a service.
3.21 Frequency of lightning flashes near a structure (N )
M
Expected annual number of lightning flashes near a structure.
.
3.22 Frequency of lightning flashes near a service (N )
I
Expected annual number of lightning flashes near a service.
3.23 Lightning electromagnetic impulse (LEMP)
Electromagnetic effects of lightning current.
NOTE – It includes conducted surges as well as radiated impulse electromagnetic field effects.
3.24 Surges
Transient wave appearing as overvoltages and /or overcurrents.
NOTE – Surges caused by LEMP can arise from (partial) lightning currents, from induction effects into installation
loops and as remaining threat downstream of SPD.
3.25 Physical damage
Damage to structure or to its contents due to mechanical, thermal, chemical and explosive
effects of lightning.
3.26 Injuries of living beings
Injuries, including loss of life, to people or to animals due to touch and step voltages caused
by lightning.
3.27 Failure of electrical and electronic system
Permanent damage of electrical and electronic system due to LEMP
3.28 Failure current (I )
a
Minimum peak value of lightning current that will cause damage in a line.
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62305-2 Ed. 1/CDV IEC – 9 –
3.29 Probability of damage
Probability that a lightning flash cause a damage to the object to be protected.
3.30 Loss
Mean amount of loss (humans and goods) consequent to a specified type of damage due to a
dangerous event, relative to the value (humans and goods) of the object to be protected.
3.31 Risk (R)
Measure of probable annual loss (humans and goods) due to lightning, relative to the value
(humans and goods) of the object to be protected.
3.32 Risk component (R )
x
Partial risk depending on the source and the type of damage.
3.33 Tolerable risk (R )
T
Maximum value of the risk which can be tolerated for the object to be protected.
3.34 Zone of a structure (Z )
S
Part of a structure with homogeneous characteristics where only one set of parameters is
involved in assessment of a risk component.
3.35 Section of a service (S )
S
Part of a service with homogeneous characteristics where only one set of parameters is
involved in assessment of a risk component.
3.36 Lightning Protection Zone (LPZ)
Zone where the lightning electromagnetic environment is defined.
3.37 Lightning protection level (LPL)
Number related to a set of lightning current parameters values relevant to the probability that
the associated maximum and minimum design values will not be exceeded in naturally
occurring lightning.
NOTE Lightning protection level is used to design protection measures according to the relevant set of lightning
current parameters.
3.38 Protection measures
Measures to be adopted in the object to be protected to reduce the risk due to lightning.
3.39 Lightning protection system (LPS)
Complete system used to reduce physical damages due to lightning flashes striking a
structure. It consists of both external and internal lightning protection systems.
3.40 LEMP protection system (LPM)
Complete system of protection measures for internal systems against LEMP.
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62305-2 Ed. 1/CDV IEC – 10 –
3.41 Shielding wire
Metallic wire used to reduce physical damages due to lightning flashes striking a service.
3.42 Magnetic shield
Closed metallic grid-like or continuous screen enveloping the object to be protected, or part of
it, to reduce failures of electrical and electronic systems.
3.43 Lightning cable
Shielded cable specially designed and constructed to reduce the electromagnetic effects of
lightning current flowing into the shield
3.44 Surge protective device (SPD)
Device that is intended to limit transient overvoltages and divert surge currents. It contains at
least one non linear component.
[definition 3.1 of IEC 61643-1].
3.45 Surge protective devices set (SPD set)
A set of SPD properly selected, co-ordinated and installed to reduce failures of electrical and
electronic systems.
4. EXPLANATION OF TERMS
4.1 Damages and loss
4.1.1 Source of damage
The lightning current is the primary source of damage. The following sources are distinguished depending on
the position of the point struck by flash (see Table 1):
− S1: flashes to a structure,
− S2: flashes near a structure,
− S3: flashes to a service,
− S4: flashes near a service.
4.1.2 Types of damage
A lightning flash may cause damages depending on the characteristics of the object to be protected; among
the most important are: type of construction, contents and application, type of service and protection
measures provided.
For practical applications of the risk assessment it is useful to distinguish between three basic types of
damages, which can appear as the consequence of lightning flash. They are as follows (see Figure 1):
− D1 : Injuries to living beings;
− D2 : Physical damages ;
− D3 : Failures of electrical and electronic systems.
The damage to a structure due to lightning may be limited to a part of the structure or may extend to the
whole structure. It may also involve surrounding structures or the environment (e.g. chemical or radioactive
emissions).
Lightning affecting a service can cause damage to the physical mean itself – line or pipe- used to provide the
service as well as to related electrical and electronic systems. The damage may also extend to internal
systems connected to the service.
4.1.3 Types of loss
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62305-2 Ed. 1/CDV IEC – 11 –
Each type of damage, alone or in combination with others, may produce a different consequential loss in the
object to be protected. The type of loss that may appear depends on the characteristics of the object itself
and its content. The following types of loss shall be taken into account (see Table1):
− L1: Loss of human life;
− L2: Loss of service to the public;
− L3: Loss of cultural heritage;
− L4: Loss of economic value (structure and its content, service and loss of activity).
Loss which may appear in a structure are:
− L1: Loss of human life;
− L2: Loss of service to the public;
− L3: Loss of cultural heritage;
− L4: Loss of economic value (structure and its content).
Loss which may appear in a service are:
− L2: Loss of service to the public;
− L4: Loss of economic value (service and loss of activity).
STRUCTURE SERVICE
Point of strike Source Type Type Type Type
of damage of damage of loss of damage of loss
**
S1 D1 L1, L4
***
D2 L1,L2, L3,L4 D2 L1 ,L2,L4
*
D3 L1 , L2, L4 D3 L2,L4
*
S2 D3 L1 ,L2 , L4
**
D1 L1,L4
***
S3 D2 L1,L2, L3,L4 D2 L1 ,L2,L4
*
D3 L1 , L2, L4 D3 D2,D4
*
S4 D3 L1 ,L2,L4 D3 L2,L4
(*) In the case of hospitals and of structures with risk of explosion;
(**) In the case of agricultural properties (loss of animals)
(***) In the case of pipelines, with not metallic gasket on flanges, conveying explosive fluid.
Table 1 – Sources of damages (S1, S2, S3, S4), types of damages (D1, D2, D3) and types of loss (L1,
L2, L3, L4) selected according to the point of strike
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62305-2 Ed. 1/CDV IEC – 12 –
L1 L2 L3 L4
Loss Loss of human Loss of service Loss of cultural Loss of economic
life the public heritage values
Damage
D1
( 1)
Shock of living R __ R
S S
beings
D2
Physical damage R R R R
F F F F
D3
Failure of
( 2 )
Electric or R R _ R
O O O
Electronic
systems
1 - Only for properties of agricultural with possible loss of animals.
2 – Only for hospitals or other structures, where failures on internal systems immediately endanger
human life.
Table 2 – Risk in a structure for each type of damage and of loss
4.2 Risk and risk components
4.2.1 Risk
The risk R is the measure of a loss. For each type of loss which may appear in a structure or in a service,
the relevant risk shall be evaluated.
The risks to be evaluated in a structure may be:
− R : Risk of loss of human life;
1
− R : Risk of loss of service to the public;
2
− R : Risk of loss of cultural heritage;
3
− R : Risk of loss of economic value.
4
The risks to be evaluated in a service may be:
− R’ : Risk of loss of human life;
1
− R’ : Risk of loss of service to the public;
2
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62305-2 Ed. 1/CDV IEC – 13 –
− R’ : Risk of loss of economic value.
4
To evaluate risks R the relevant risk components (partial risks depending on the source and on the type of
damage) shall be defined and calculated.
Each risk R is the sum of its risk components. In making addition the risk components may be grouped
according to the source of damage and the type of damage.
4.2.2 Risk components for a structure due to flashes to the structure
R : component related to injuries of living beings caused by touch and step voltages in the zones up to
A
3 m outside the structure. Loss of type L1 and, in the case of agricultural properties, also loss L4
with possible loss of animals may arise;
NOTE - The risk component caused by touch and step voltages inside the structure due to flashes to the structure is not
considered in this Standard.
R : component related to physical damages caused by dangerous sparking inside the structure
B
triggering fire or explosion, which may also endanger the environment. All types of loss (L1, L2, L3,
L4) may arise;
R : component related to failure of internal systems caused by LEMP. Loss are of type L2 and L4 could
C
occur in all cases, along with type L1 in the case of structures with risk of explosion and hospitals or
other structures where failure of internal systems immediately endangers human life;
4.2.3 Risk component for a structure due to a flash near the structure
R : component related to failure of internal systems caused by LEMP. Loss are of type L2 and L4 could
M
occur in all cases, along with type L1 in the case of structures with risk of explosion and of hospitals
or other structures where failure of internal systems immediately endangers human life.
4.2.4 Risk components for a structure due to flashes to a service connected to the structure
R : component related to injuries of living beings caused by touch voltage inside the structure, due to
U
lightning current injected in a line entering the structure. Loss of type L1 and, in the case of
agricultural properties, also loss L4 with possible loss of animals could occur;
R : component related to physical damages (fire or explosion triggered by dangerous sparking between
V
external installation and metallic parts ge
...
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