SIST EN 62305-4:2011
(Main)Protection against lightning - Part 4: Electrical and electronic systems within structures
Protection against lightning - Part 4: Electrical and electronic systems within structures
This international standard provides information for the design, installation, inspection, maintenance and testing of electrical and electronic system protection (ESP), and measures to reduce the risk of permanent failures due to lightning electromagnetic impulse (LEMP) within a structure. He does not cover protection against electromagnetic interference due to lightning, which may cause malfunctioning of electronic systems. However, the information reported in Annex A can also be used to evaluate such disturbances. This draft international standard does not deal with detailed design of the electrical and electronic systems themselves.
Blitzschutz - Teil 4: Elektrische und elektronische Systeme in baulichen Anlagen
Protection contre la foudre - Partie 4: Réseaux de puissance et de communication dans les structures
La CEI 62305-4:2010 fournit des informations relatives à la conception, à l'installation, à l'inspection, à la maintenance et aux essais d'une installation de protection de réseau de puissance et de communication (MPF) visant à réduire le risque de défaillances permanentes dû aux impulsions électromagnétiques de foudre (IEMF) dans une structure. Cette seconde édition annule et remplace la première édition, publiée en 2006, dont elle constitue une révision technique. La présente édition comprend les modifications techniques importantes suivantes par rapport à la précédente édition:
1) Introduction d'interfaces d'isolement capables de réduire les chocs conduits sur les services pénétrant dans la structure.
2) Légère modification des sections minimales des composants de liaison.
3) Introduction d'un premier courant pulsé négatif à des fins de calcul, comme source électromagnétique de dégradation des réseaux internes.
4) Amélioration du choix du parafoudre par rapport au niveau de protection contre les surtensions, afin de tenir compte de l'existence de phénomènes d'oscillation et d'induction dans le circuit en aval du parafoudre.
5) Suppression de l'Annexe C traitant de la coordination des parafoudres avec renvoi au SC 37A.
6) Introduction d'une nouvelle Annexe informative D fournissant des informations sur les facteurs à prendre en compte dans le choix des parafoudres.
La présente version bilingue (2012-06) correspond à la version anglaise monolingue publiée en 2010-12.
Zaščita pred delovanjem strele - 4. del: Električni in elektronski sistemi v zgradbah (IEC 62305-4:2010, spremenjen)
Ta mednarodni standard zagotavlja informacije za projektiranje, namestitev, nadzor, vzdrževanje in preskušanje zaščite električnih in elektronskih sistemov (ESP) in ukrepov za zmanjšanje tveganja za trajne okvare zaradi elektromagnetnih impulzov strele (LEMP) v zgradbi. Ne zajema zaščite pred elektromagnetnimi motnjami zaradi delovanja strele, ki lahko povzročijo okvaro elektronskega sistema. Informacije, navedene v dodatku A, pa se lahko kljub temu uporabijo za vrednotenje takih motenj. Ta osnutek mednarodnega standarda ne obravnava podrobnosti projektiranja samih električnih in elektronskih sistemov.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 62305-4:2011
01-maj-2011
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 62305-4:2006
=DãþLWDSUHGGHORYDQMHPVWUHOHGHO (OHNWULþQLLQHOHNWURQVNLVLVWHPLY]JUDGEDK
,(& VSUHPHQMHQ
Protection against lightning - Part 4: Electrical and electronic systems within structures
Blitzschutz - Teil 4: Elektrische und elektronische Systeme in baulichen Anlagen
Protection contre la foudre - Partie 4: Réseaux de puissance et de communication dans
les structures
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 62305-4:2011
ICS:
91.120.40 =DãþLWDSUHGVWUHOR Lightning protection
SIST EN 62305-4:2011 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 62305-4:2011
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SIST EN 62305-4:2011
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 62305-4
NORME EUROPÉENNE
February 2011
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 29.020; 91.120.40 Supersedes EN 62305-4:2006 + corr. Nov.2006
English version
Protection against lightning -
Part 4: Electrical and electronic systems within structures
(IEC 62305-4:2010, modified)
Protection contre la foudre - Blitzschutz - Teil 4: Elektrische und
Partie 4: Réseaux de puissance et de elektronische Systeme in baulichen
communication dans les structures Anlagen
(CEI 62305-4:2010, modifiée) (IEC 62305-4:2010, modifiziert)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2011-01-13. CENELEC members are bound to comply
with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard
the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on
application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified
to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus,
the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia,
Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B - 1000 Brussels
© 2011 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Ref. No. EN 62305-4:2011 E
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SIST EN 62305-4:2011
EN 62305-4:2011 - 2 -
Foreword
The text of document 81/373/FDIS, future edition 2 of IEC 62305-4, prepared by IEC TC 81, Lightning
protection, was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and was approved by CENELEC as
EN 62305-4 on 2011-01-13.
This European Standard supersedes EN 62305-4:2006 + corr. Nov.2006.
This EN 62305-4:2011 includes the following significant technical changes with respect to
EN 62305-4:2006 + corr. Nov.2006:
1) Isolating interfaces capable of reducing conducted surges on lines entering the structure are
introduced.
2) Minimum cross-sections for bonding components are slightly modified.
3) First negative impulse current is introduced for calculation purposes as electromagnetic source of
harm to the internal systems.
4) Selection of SPD with regard to voltage protection level is improved to take into account oscillation
and induction phenomena in the circuit downstream of SPD.
5) Annex C dealing with SPD coordination is withdrawn and referred back to SC 37A.
6) A new informative Annex D is introduced giving information on factors to be considered in the
selection of SPDs.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN and CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights.
The following dates were fixed:
– latest date by which the EN has to be implemented
at national level by publication of an identical
national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2011-10-13
– latest date by which the national standards conflicting
with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2014-01-13
Annex ZA has been added by CENELEC.
__________
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 62305-4:2010 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard without any modification.
In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards indicated:
[2] IEC 61000 series NOTE Harmonized in EN 61000 series (partially modified).
[8] IEC 61643-11 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61643-11.
__________
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SIST EN 62305-4:2011
- 3 - EN 62305-4:2011
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE When an international publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD
applies.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
IEC 60364-5-53 2001 Electrical installations of buildings - - -
Part 5-53: Selection and erection of electrical
equipment - Isolation, switching and control
IEC 60664-1 2007 Insulation coordination for equipment within EN 60664-1 2007
low-voltage systems -
Part 1: Principles, requirements and tests
IEC 61000-4-5 2005 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - EN 61000-4-5 2006
Part 4-5: Testing and measurement
techniques - Surge immunity test
IEC 61000-4-9 1993 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - EN 61000-4-9 1993
Part 4-9: Testing and measurement
techniques - Pulse magnetic field immunity
test
IEC 61000-4-10 1993 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - EN 61000-4-10 1993
Part 4-10: Testing and measurement
techniques - Damped oscillatory magnetic
field immunity test
IEC 61643-1 2005 Low-voltage surge protective devices - - -
Part 1: Surge protective devices connected to
low-voltage power distribution systems -
Requirements and tests
IEC 61643-12 (mod) 2008 Low-voltage surge protective devices - CLC/TS 61643-12 2009
Part 12: Surge protective devices connected
to low-voltage power distribution systems -
Selection and application principles
IEC 61643-21 - Low voltage surge protective devices - EN 61643-21 -
Part 21: Surge protective devices connected
to telecommunications and signalling
networks - Performance requirements and
testing methods
IEC 61643-22 (mod) - Low-voltage surge protective devices - CLC/TS 61643-22 -
Part 22: Surge protective devices connected
to telecommunications and signalling
networks - Selection and application principles
IEC 62305-1 2010 Protection against lightning - EN 62305-1 2011
Part 1: General principles
IEC 62305-2 2010 Protection against lightning - EN 62305-2 2011
Part 2: Risk management
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SIST EN 62305-4:2011
EN 62305-4:2011 - 4 -
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
IEC 62305-3 2010 Protection against lightning - EN 62305-3 2011
Part 3: Physical damage to structures and life
hazard
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SIST EN 62305-4:2011
IEC 62305-4
®
Edition 2.0 2010-12
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
Protection against lightning –
Part 4: Electrical and electronic systems within structures
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
PRICE CODE
XC
ICS 29.020; 91.120.40 ISBN 978-2-88912-283-7
® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
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SIST EN 62305-4:2011
– 2 – 62305-4 Ó IEC:2010(E)
CONTENTS
FOREW ORD . 5
INTRODUCTION . 7
1 Sc o pe . 9
2 Normative references . 9
3 Terms and definitions . 10
4 Design and installation of SPM. 13
4.1 General . 13
4.2 Design of SPM . 16
4.3 Lightning protection zones (LPZ) . 17
4.4 Basic SPM . 20
5 Earthing and bonding . 21
5.1 General . 21
5.2 Earth-termination system . 22
5.3 Bonding network . 24
5.4 Bonding bars . 28
5.5 Bonding at the boundary of an LPZ . 29
5.6 Material and dimensions of bonding components . 29
6 Magnetic shielding and line routing . 30
6.1 Spatial shielding . 30
6.2 Shielding of internal lines . 30
6.3 Routing of internal lines . 30
6.4 Shielding of external lines . 31
6.5 Material and dimensions of magnetic shields . 31
7 Coordinated SPD system . 31
8 Isolating interfaces . 32
9 SPM management . 32
9.1 General . 32
9.2 SPM management plan . 32
9.3 Inspection of SPM . 33
9.3.1 Inspection procedure . 34
9.3.2 Inspection documentation . 34
9.4 Maintenance . 35
Annex A (informative) Basis of electromagnetic environment evaluation in an LPZ . 36
Annex B (informative) Implementation of SPM for an existing structure . 60
Annex C (informative) Selection and installation of a coordinated SPD system . 76
Annex D (informative) Factors to be considered in the selection of SPDs . 82
Bibliography . 87
Figure 1 – General principle for the division into different LPZ . 13
Figure 2 – Examples of possible SPM (LEMP protection measures) . 15
Figure 3 – Examples for interconnected LPZ . 19
Figure 4 – Examples for extended lightning protection zones . 20
Figure 5 – Example of a three-dimensional earthing system consisting of the bonding
network interconnected with the earth-termination system . 22
Figure 6 – Meshed earth-termination system of a plant . 23
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SIST EN 62305-4:2011
62305-4 Ó IEC:2010(E) – 3 –
Figure 7 – Utilization of reinforcing rods of a structure for equipotential bonding . 25
Figure 8 – Equipotential bonding in a structure with steel reinforcement . 26
Figure 9 – Integration of conductive parts of internal systems into the bonding network . 27
Figure 10 – Combinations of integration methods of conductive parts of internal
systems into the bonding network . 28
Figure A.1 – LEMP situation due to lightning strike . 37
Figure A.2 – Simulation of the rise of magnetic field by damped oscillations . 40
Figure A.3 – Large volume shield built by metal reinforcement and metal frames . 41
Figure A.4 – Volume for electrical and electronic systems inside an inner LPZ n . 42
Figure A.5 – Reducing induction effects by line routing and shielding measures . 43
Figure A.6 – Example of SPM for an office building . 45
Figure A.7 – Evaluation of the magnetic field values in case of a direct lightning strike . 46
Figure A.8 – Evaluation of the magnetic field values in case of a nearby lightning strike . 48
Figure A.9 – Distance s depending on rolling sphere radius and structure dimensions . 50
a
Figure A.10 – Types of grid-like large volume shields . 52
Figure A.11 – Magnetic field strength H inside a grid-like shield type 1 . 53
1/MAX
Figure A.12 – Magnetic field strength H inside a grid-like shield type 1 according
1/MAX
to mesh width. 53
Figure A.13 – Low-level test to evaluate the magnetic field inside a shielded structure . 55
Figure A.14 – Voltages and currents induced into a loop formed by lines . 56
Figure B.1 – SPM design steps for an existing structure . 63
Figure B.2 – Possibilities to establish LPZs in existing structures . 67
Figure B.3 – Reduction of loop area using shielded cables close to a metal plate . 69
Figure B.4 – Example of a metal plate for additional shielding . 70
Figure B.5 – Protection of aerials and other external equipment . 71
Figure B.6 – Inherent shielding provided by bonded ladders and pipes . 72
Figure B.7 – Ideal positions for lines on a mast (cross-section of steel lattice mast) . 72
Figure B.8 – Upgrading of the SPM in existing structures. 74
Figure C.1 – Surge voltage between live conductor and bonding bar . 79
Figure D.1 – Installation example of test Class I, Class II and Class III SPDs . 83
Figure D.2 – Basic example for different sources of damage to a structure and lightning
current distribution within a system. 84
Figure D.3 – Basic example of balanced current distribution . 85
Table 1 – Minimum cross-sections for bonding components . 30
Table 2 – SPM management plan for new buildings and for extensive changes in
construction or use of buildings . 33
Table A.1 – Parameters relevant to source of harm and equipment . 38
Table A.2 – Examples for I = 100 kA and w = 2 m . 48
0/MAX m
Table A.3 – Magnetic attenuation of grid-like spatial shields for a plane wave . 49
Table A.4 – Rolling sphere radius corresponding to maximum lightning current . 51
Table A.5 – Examples for I = 100 kA and w = 2 m corresponding to SF = 12,6 dB . 51
0/MAX m
Table B.1 – Structural characteristics and surroundings . 60
Table B.2 – Installation characteristics . 61
Table B.3 – Equipment characteristics . 61
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SIST EN 62305-4:2011
– 4 – 62305-4 Ó IEC:2010(E)
Table B.4 – Other questions to be considered for the protection concept . 61
Table D.1 – Preferred values of I . 82
imp
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SIST EN 62305-4:2011
62305-4 Ó IEC:2010(E) – 5 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
PROTECTION AGAINST LIGHTNING –
Part 4: Electrical and electronic systems within structures
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 62305-4 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 81:
Lightning protection.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition, published in 2006, and constitutes
a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
1) Isolating interfaces capable of reducing conducted surges on lines entering the structure
are introduced.
2) Minimum cross-sections for bonding components are slightly modified.
3) First negative impulse current is introduced for calculation purposes as electromagnetic
source of harm to the internal systems.
4) Selection of SPD with regard to voltage protection level is improved to take into account
oscillation and induction phenomena in the circuit downstream of SPD.
5) Annex C dealing with SPD coordination is withdrawn and referred back to SC 37A.
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SIST EN 62305-4:2011
– 6 – 62305-4 Ó IEC:2010(E)
6) A new informative Annex D is introduced giving information on factors to be considered in
the selection of SPDs.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
81/373/FDIS 81/383/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted, as closely as possible, in accordance with the ISO/IEC
Directives, Part 2.
A list of all the parts in the IEC 62305 series, under the general title Protection against
lightning, can be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data
related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
reconfirmed,
withdrawn,
replaced by a revised edition, or
amended.
A bilingual version of this standard may be issued at a later date.
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SIST EN 62305-4:2011
62305-4 Ó IEC:2010(E) – 7 –
INTRODUCTION
Lightning as a source of harm is a very high energy phenomenon. Lightning flashes release
many hundreds of mega-joules of energy. When compared with the milli-joules of energy that
may be sufficient to cause damage to sensitive electronic equipment in electrical and
electronic systems within a structure, it is clear that additional protection measures will be
necessary to protect some of this equipment.
The need for this International Standard has arisen due to the increasing cost of failures of
electrical and electronic systems, caused by electromagnetic effects of lightning. Of particular
importance are electronic systems used in data processing and storage as well as process
control and safety for plants of considerable capital cost, size and complexity (for which plant
outages are very undesirable for cost and safety reasons).
Lightning can cause different types of damage in a structure, as defined in IEC 62305-1:
D1 injury to living beings by electric shock;
D2 physical damage (fire, explosion, mechanical destruction, chemical release) due to
lightning current effects, including sparking;
D3 failure of internal systems due to LEMP.
IEC 62305-3 deals with the protection measures to reduce the risk of physical damage and
life hazard, but does not cover the protection of electrical and electronic systems.
This Part 4 of IEC 62305 therefore provides information on protection measures to reduce the
risk of permanent failures of electrical and electronic systems within structures.
Permanent failure of electrical and electronic systems can be caused by the lightning
electromagnetic impulse (LEMP) via:
a) conducted and induced surges transmitted to equipment via connecting wiring;
b) the effects of radiated electromagnetic fields directly into equipment itself.
Surges to the structure can originate from sources external to the structure or from within the
structure itself:
– surges which originate externally from the structure are created by lightning flashes
striking incoming lines or the nearby ground, and are transmitted to electrical and
electronic systems within the structure via these lines;
– surges which originate internally within the structure are created by lightning flashes
striking the structure itself or the nearby ground.
NOTE 1 Surges can also originate internally within the structure, from switching effects, e.g. switching of
inductive loads.
The coupling can arise from different mechanisms:
– resistive coupling (e.g. the earth impedance of the earth-termination system or the cable
shield resistance);
– magnetic field coupling (e.g. caused by wiring loops in the electrical and electronic system
or by inductance of bonding conductors);
– electric field coupling (e.g. caused by rod antenna reception).
NOTE 2 The effects of electric field coupling are generally very small when compared to the magnetic field
coupling and can be disregarded.
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SIST EN 62305-4:2011
– 8 – 62305-4 Ó IEC:2010(E)
Radiated electromagnetic fields can be generated via
– the direct lightning current flowing in the lightning channel,
– the partial lightning current flowing in conductors (e.g. in the down-conductors of an
external LPS in accordance with IEC 62305-3 or in an external spatial shield in
accordance with this standard).
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SIST EN 62305-4:2011
62305-4 Ó IEC:2010(E) – 9 –
PROTECTION AGAINST LIGHTNING –
Part 4: Electrical and electronic systems within structures
1 Scope
This part of IEC 62305 provides information for the design, installation, inspection,
maintenance and testing of electrical and electronic system protection (SPM) to reduce the
risk of permanent failures due to lightning electromagnetic impulse (LEMP) within a structure.
This standard does not cover protection against electromagnetic interference due to lightning,
which may cause malfunctioning of internal systems. However, the information reported in
Annex A can also be used to evaluate such disturbances. Protection measures against
[1]
1
electromagnetic interference are covered in IEC 60364-4-44 and in the IEC 61000 series
[2]
.
This standard provides guidelines for cooperation between the designer of the electrical and
electronic system, and the designer of the protection measures, in an attempt to achieve
optimum protection effectiveness.
This standard does not deal with detailed design of the electrical and electronic systems
themselves.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document.
For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition
of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
IEC 60364-5-53:2001, Electrical installations of buildings – Part 5-53: Selection and erection
of electrical equipment – Isolation, switching and control
IEC 60664-1:2007, Insulation coordination for equipment within low-voltage systems – Part 1:
Principles, requirements and tests
IEC 61000-4-5:2005, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-5: Testing and measure-
ment techniques – Surge immunity test
IEC 61000-4-9:1993, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-9: Testing and measure-
ment techniques – Pulse magnetic field immunity test – Basic EMC Publication
IEC 61000-4-10:1993, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-10: Testing and measure-
ment techniques – Damped oscillatory magnetic field immunity test – Basic EMC Publication
IEC 61643-1:2005, Low-voltage surge protective devices – Part 1: Surge protective devices
connected to low-voltage
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST FprEN 62305-4:2009
01-december-2009
=DãþLWDSUHGGHORYDQMHPVWUHOHGHO (OHNWULþQLLQHOHNWURQVNLVLVWHPLY]JUDGEDK
Protection against lightning -- Part 4: Electrical and electronic systems within structures
Protection contre la foudre -- Partie 4: Réseaux de puissance et de communication dans
les structures
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: FprEN 62305-4:2009
ICS:
29.020 Elektrotehnika na splošno Electrical engineering in
general
91.120.40 =DãþLWDSUHGVWUHOR Lightning protection
oSIST FprEN 62305-4:2009 en,fr
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST FprEN 62305-4:2009
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
oSIST FprEN 62305-4:2009
81/338/CDV
COMMITTEE DRAFT FOR VOTE (CDV)
®
PROJET DE COMITÉ POUR VOTE (CDV)
Project number IEC 62305-4 Ed.2
Numéro de projet
IEC/TC or SC: Secretariat / Secrétariat
81
Italy
CEI/CE ou SC:
Date of circulation Closing date for voting (Voting
Submitted for parallel voting in
Date de diffusion mandatory for P-members)
CENELEC
Date de clôture du vote (Vote
2009-09-18
obligatoire pour les membres (P))
Soumis au vote parallèle au
CENELEC
2010-02-19
Also of interest to the following committees Supersedes document
Intéresse également les comités suivants Remplace le document
SC 37A,TC 64,TC 77 81/298/CD - 81/305/CC
Proposed horizontal standard
Norme horizontale suggérée
Other TC/SCs are requested to indicate their interest, if any, in this CDV to the TC/SC secretary
Les autres CE/SC sont requis d’indiquer leur intérêt, si nécessaire, dans ce CDV à l’intention du secrétaire du CE/SC
Functions concerned
Fonctions concernées
Safety EMC Environment Quality assurance
Sécurité
CEM Environnement Assurance qualité
CE DOCUMENT EST TOUJOURS À L'ÉTUDE ET SUSCEPTIBLE DE THIS DOCUMENT IS STILL UNDER STUDY AND SUBJECT TO CHANGE. IT
MODIFICATION. IL NE PEUT SERVIR DE RÉFÉRENCE. SHOULD NOT BE USED FOR REFERENCE PURPOSES.
LES RÉCIPIENDAIRES DU PRÉSENT DOCUMENT SONT INVITÉS À RECIPIENTS OF THIS DOCUMENT ARE INVITED TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR
PRÉSENTER, AVEC LEURS OBSERVATIONS, LA NOTIFICATION DES COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF
DROITS DE PROPRIÉTÉ DONT ILS AURAIENT ÉVENTUELLEMENT WHICH THEY ARE AWARE AND TO PROVIDE SUPPORTING
CONNAISSANCE ET À FOURNIR UNE DOCUMENTATION EXPLICATIVE. DOCUMENTATION.
Titre : Protection contre la foudre - Partie 4: Title : Protection against lightning. Part 4:
Reséaux de puissance et de communication Electrical and electronic systems within
dans les structures structures
Note d'introduction Introductory note
This CDV is circulated in English only in the absence
of a French version from the French national
committee within two months from date of request.
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FORM CDV (IEC)
® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
2009-01-09
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CONTENTS
1 Scope .10
2 Normative references.10
3 Terms and definitions .11
4 Design and installation of measures for ESP.15
4.1 General .15
4.2 Design of ESP .18
4.3 Lightning protection zones (LPZs).19
4.4 Basic ESP measures.23
5 Earthing and bonding.23
5.1 Earth-termination system .24
5.2 Bonding network .26
5.3 Bonding bars .31
5.4 Bonding at the boundary of an LPZ.31
5.5 Material and dimensions of bonding components.31
6 Magnetic shielding and line routing.32
6.1 Spatial shielding .32
6.2 Shielding of internal lines .32
6.3 Routing of internal lines .32
6.4 Shielding of external lines .33
6.5 Material and dimensions of magnetic shields.33
7 Coordinated SPD system .33
8 Isolating interfaces .34
9 ESP management.34
9.1 ESP management plan.34
9.2 Inspection of ESP .36
9.2.1 Inspection procedure .36
9.2.2 Inspection documentation .37
9.3 Maintenance.37
Annex A (informative) Basis of electromagnetic environment evaluation in an LPZ .38
A.1 Damaging effects on electrical and electronic systems due to lightning.38
A.1.1 The source of damage .38
A.1.2 Object of damage .38
A.1.3 Coupling mechanisms between the object of damage and the source
of damage.39
A.2 Spatial shielding, line routing and line shielding.39
A.2.1 General.39
A.2.2 Grid-like spatial shields.42
A.2.3 Line routing and line shielding.44
A.3 Magnetic field inside LPZs.48
A.3.1 Approximation for the magnetic field inside LPZs .48
A.3.2 Theoretical evaluation of the magnetic field due to direct lightning
strikes.54
A.3.3 Experimental evaluation of the magnetic field due to a direct lightning
strike .57
A.4 Calculation of induced voltages and currents.58
A.4.1 Situation inside LPZ 1 in the case of a direct lightning strike.59
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A.4.2 Situation inside LPZ 1 in the case of a nearby lightning strike.61
A.4.3 Situation inside LPZ 2 and higher.62
Annex B (informative) Implementation of ESP measures for an existing structure.63
B.1 General .63
B.2 Checklists .63
B.3 Design of ESP measures for an existing structure .65
B.4 Design of basic protection measures for LPZ 1.65
B.4.1 Design of basic protection measures for LPZ 2 .65
B.4.2 Design of basic protection measures for LPZ 3 .65
B.5 Installation of a coordinated SPD system .65
B.6 Improvement of an existing LPS using spatial shielding of LPZ 1.66
B.7 Establishment of LPZs for electrical and electronic systems.67
B.8 Protection using a bonding network .70
B.9 Protection by surge protective devices .70
B.10 Protection by isolating interfaces .71
B.11 Protection measures by line routing and shielding .71
B.11.1 Protection measures for externally installed equipment .73
B.11.2 Protection of external equipment .73
B.11.3 Reduction of overvoltages in cables .74
B.12 Improving interconnections between structures .75
B.12.1 Isolating lines.75
B.12.2 Metallic lines .75
B.13 Integration of new electronic systems into existing structures.76
B.14 Overview of possible protection measures.77
B.14.1 Power supply .77
B.14.2 Surge protective devices.77
B.14.3 Isolating interfaces .77
B.14.4 Line routing and shielding .77
B.14.5 Spatial shielding.77
B.14.6 Bonding .77
B.15 Upgrading a power supply and cable installation inside the structure .78
Annex C (informative) Selection and installation of a coordinated SPD system.79
C.1 Introduction .79
C.2 Selection of SPDs.80
C.2.1 Selection with regard to voltage protection level.80
C.2.2 Selection with regard to location and to discharge current .82
C.3 Installation of a coordinated SPD protection .83
C.3.1 Installation location of SPDs .83
C.3.2 Connecting conductors .83
C.3.3 Coordination of SPDs .83
C.3.4 Procedure for installation of a coordinated SPD system.83
Annex D (informative) Factors to be Considered in the Selection of SPDs .86
D.1 Introduction .86
D.1.1 Factors determining the stress experienced by an SPD .86
D.2 Quantifying the statistical threat level to an SPD .88
D.2.1 Installation factors effecting current distribution .89
D.2.2 Considerations in the selection of SPD ratings: I , I , I , U .90
imp max n oc
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1 – General principle for the division into different LPZs.15
Figure 2a – ESP using spatial shields and a coordinated SPD system –Equipment well
protected against conducted surges (U <
2 0 2 0
magnetic fields (H <
2 0
Figure 2b – ESP using spatial shield of LPZ 1 and SPD protection at entry of LPZ 1 –
Equipment protected against conducted surges (U
1 0 0
1
radiated magnetic fields (H
1 0
Figure 2c – ESP using internal line shielding and SPD protection at entry of LPZ 1 –
Equipment protected against conducted surges (U
2 0 2 0
radiated magnetic fields (H
2 0
Figure 2d – ESP using a coordinated SPD system only –Equipment protected against
conducted surges (U <
2 0 0 0
2
Figure 2 – Protection against LEMP – Examples of possible LEMP protection
measures systems (ESP) .17
Figure 3a – Interconnecting two LPZs 1 using SPDs.20
Figure 3b – Interconnecting two LPZs 1 using shielded cables or shielded cable ducts.20
Figure 3c – Interconnecting two LPZs 2 using SPDs.21
Figure 3d – Interconnecting two LPZs 2 using shielded cables or shielded cable ducts.21
Figure 3 – Examples for interconnected LPZs .21
Figure 4a – Transformer outside the structure .22
Figure 4b – Transformer inside the structure (LPZ 0 extended into LPZ 1).22
Figure 4c – Two coordinated SPDs needed: SPD (between zones 0/1) and SPD
(between zones 1/2) .22
Figure 4d – Only one SPD needed: SPD (between zones 0/2) (LPZ 2 extended into
LPZ 1).22
Figure 4 – Examples for extended lightning protection zones .22
Figure 5 – Example of a three-dimensional earthing system consisting of the bonding
network interconnected with the earth-termination system .24
Figure 6 – Meshed earth-termination system of a plant .25
Figure 7 – Utilization of reinforcing rods of a structure for equipotential bonding .27
Figure 8 – Equipotential bonding in a structure with steel reinforcement .28
Figure 9 – Integration of electronic systems into the bonding network.29
Figure 10 – Combinations of integration methods of electronic systems into the
bonding network .30
Figure A.2a - Simulation of the rise of the field of the first stroke (10/350 µs) by a
single impulse 8/20 µs (damped 25 kHz oscillation) .41
Figure A.2b - Simulation of the rise of the field of the subsequent stroke (0,25/100 µs)
by damped 1MHz oscillations (multiple impulses 0,2/0,5 µs) .42
Figure A.2 – Simulation of the rise of magnetic field by damped oscillations .42
Figure A.3 – Large volume shield built by metal reinforcement and metal frames .43
Figure A.4 – Volume for electrical and electronic systems inside an inner LPZ n .44
Figure A.5a - Unprotected system.45
Figure A.5b - Reducing the magnetic field inside an inner LPZ by its spatial shield .45
Figure A.5c - Reducing the influence of the field on lines by line shielding.45
Figure A.5d - Reducing the induction loop area by suitable line routing .45
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Figure A.5 - Reducing induction effects by line routing and shielding measures .45
Figure A.6 – Example of ESP for an office building.47
Figure A.7a – Magnetic field inside LPZ 1 .48
Figure A.7b – Magnetic field inside LPZ 2 .48
Figure A.7 – Evaluation of the magnetic field values in case of a direct lightning strike.48
Figure A.10 – Types of grid-like large volume shields .55
Figure A.11 – Magnetic field strength H inside a grid-like shield type 1 .56
1/max
Figure A.12 – Magnetic field strength H inside a grid-like shield type 1 .56
1/max
Figure A.13a – Test arrangement .57
Figure A.13b – Lightning current generator .58
Figure A.13 – Low-level test to evaluate the magnetic field inside a shielded structure .58
Figure A.14 – Voltages and currents induced into a loop formed by lines.59
Figure B.1 – ESP design steps for an existing structure.66
Figure B.2a – Unshielded LPZ 1 using LPS and SPDs at the entrance of the lines into
the structure (e.g. for enhanced withstand voltage level of the systems or for small
loops inside the structure) .68
Figure B.2b – Unshielded LPZ 1 with protection for new electronic systems using
shielded signal lines and coordinated SPDs in power lines.68
Figure B.2c – Unshielded LPZ 1 and large shielded LPZ 2 for new electronic systems .69
Figure B.2d – Unshielded LPZ 1 and two local LPZs 2 for new electronic systems .69
Figure B.3 – Reduction of loop area using shielded cables close to a metal plate.72
Figure B.4 – Example of a metal plate for additional shielding.72
Figure B.5 – Protection of aerials and other external equipment .73
Figure B.6 – Inherent shielding provided by bonded ladders and pipes .74
Figure B.7 – Ideal positions for lines on a mast (cross-section of steel lattice mast) .75
Figure B.8 – Upgrading of the ESP and the electromagnetic compatibility in existing
structures.76
Figure C.1 – Surge voltage between live conductor and bonding bar .82
Figure D.1 - Installation example of test Class I, Class II and Class III SPDs .87
Figure D.2 – Basic example for different sources of damage to a structure and lightning
current distribution within a system.88
Figure D.3 – Basic example of balanced current distribution .89
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INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
PROTECTION AGAINST LIGHTNING –
Part 4: Electrical and electronic systems within structures
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization,
comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of the IEC is to
promote international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic
fields. To this end and in addition to other activities, the IEC publishes International Standards, Technical
Specifications, Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as
“IEC Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee
interested in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and
non-governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates
closely with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined
by agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of the IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an
international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation
from all interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any
equipment declared to be in conformity with an IEC Publication.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 62305-4 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 81:
Lightning protection.
The text of this second edition of IEC 62305-4 is compiled from and replaces IEC 62305-4,
first edition (2006).
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The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
81/xxx/FDIS 81/xxx/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted, as closely as possible, in accordance with the ISO/IEC
Directives, Part 2.
IEC 62305 consists of the following parts, under the general title Protection against lightning:
Part 1: General principles
Part 2: Risk management
Part 3: Physical damage to structures and life hazard
Part 4: Electrical and electronic systems within structures
The Committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the maintenance result date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in
the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed;
• withdrawn;
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
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INTRODUCTION
Lightning as a source of harm is a very high-energy phenomenon. Lightning flashes release
many hundreds of mega-joules of energy. When compared with the milli-joules of energy that
may be sufficient to cause damage to sensitive electronic equipment in electrical and
electronic systems within a structure, it is clear that additional protection measures will be
necessary to protect some of this equipment.
The need for this International Standard has arisen due to the increasing cost of failures of
electrical and electronic systems, caused by electromagnetic effects of lightning. Of particular
importance are electronic systems used in data processing and storage as well as process
control and safety for plants of considerable capital cost, size and complexity (for which plant
outages are very undesirable for cost and safety reasons).
Lightning can cause different types of damage in a structure, as defined in IEC 62305-1:
D1 injuries to living beings due to touch and step voltages;
D2 physical damage due to mechanical, thermal, chemical and explosive effects;
D3 failures of electrical and electronic systems due to electromagnetic effects.
IEC 62305-3 deals with the protection measures to reduce the risk of physical damage and
life hazard, but does not cover the protection of electrical and electronic systems.
This Part 4 of IEC 62305 therefore provides information on protection measures to reduce the
risk of permanent failures of electrical and electronic systems within structures.
Permanent failure of electrical and electronic systems can be caused by the lightning
electromagnetic impulse (LEMP) via:
a) conducted and induced surges transmitted to equipment via connecting wiring;
b) the effects of radiated electromagnetic fields directly into equipment itself.
Surges to the structure can originate from sources external to the structure or from within the
structure itself:
– surges which originate externally from the structure are created by lightning flashes
striking incoming lines or the nearby ground, and are transmitted to electrical and
electronic systems within the structure via these lines.
– surges which originate internally within the structure are created by lightning flashes
striking the structure itself or the nearby ground.
NOTE - Surges can also originate
...
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