SIST EN 61340-4-7:2017
(Main)Electrostatics - Part 4-7: Standard test methods for specific applications - Ionization (IEC 61340-4-7:2017)
Electrostatics - Part 4-7: Standard test methods for specific applications - Ionization (IEC 61340-4-7:2017)
This part of IEC 61340 provides test methods and procedures for evaluating and selecting air
ionization equipment and systems (ionizers).
This document establishes measurement techniques, under specified conditions, to determine
offset voltage (ion balance) and decay (charge neutralization) time for ionizers.
This document does not include measurements of electromagnetic interference (EMI), or the
use of ionizers in connection with ordnance, flammables, explosive items or electrically
initiated explosive devices.
As contained in this document, the test methods and test conditions can be used by
manufacturers of ionizers to provide performance data describing their products. Users of
ionizers are urged to modify the test methods and test conditions for their specific application
in order to qualify ionizers for use, or to make periodic verifications of ionizer performance.
The user will decide the extent of the data required for each application.
CAUTION: Procedures and equipment described in this document can expose personnel to hazardous electrical
and non-electrical conditions. Users of this document are responsible for selecting equipment that complies with
applicable laws, regulatory codes and both external and internal policy. Users are cautioned that this document
cannot replace or supersede any requirements for personnel safety.
Elektrostatik - Teil 4-7: Standard-Prüfverfahren für spezielle Anwendungen – Ionisation
Electrostatique - Partie 4-7: Méthodes d'essai normalisées pour des applications spécifiques - Ionisation (IEC 61340-4-7:2017)
L'IEC 61340-4-7:2017 fournit des méthodes et des modes opératoires d'essai pour évaluer et choisir le matériel et les systèmes d'ionisation de l'air (ioniseurs). Cette norme établit des techniques de mesure, dans des conditions spécifiées, destinées à déterminer la tension de décalage (équilibre ionique) et le temps de décroissance (neutralisation des charges) pour les ioniseurs. Le présent document ne couvre pas les mesures des interférences électromagnétiques (EMI) ni l'utilisation d'ioniseurs en relation avec des éléments pyrotechniques, inflammables, explosifs ou des appareils explosifs amorcés électriquement. Les méthodes d'essai et les conditions d'essai contenues dans le présent document peuvent être utilisées telles quelles par les fabricants d'ioniseurs pour fournir des données de performance décrivant leurs produits. Les utilisateurs d'ioniseurs sont incités à modifier les méthodes d'essai et les conditions d'essai de leur application spécifique afin de qualifier les ioniseurs pour l'utilisation ou d'effectuer des vérifications périodiques de la performance des ioniseurs. L'utilisateur décidera de la quantité de données exigées pour chaque application. Cette édition inclut les modifications techniques majeures suivantes par rapport à l'édition précédente:
- les mesures de la tension de la plaque avec contact ont été ajoutées aux mesures de la tension de la plaque sans contact. Les dispositifs de surveillance à plaque de charge (CPM) qui utilisent cette technologie sont employés dans l'industrie depuis de nombreuses années.
Elektrostatika - 4-7. del: Standardne preskusne metode za posebno uporabo - Ionizacija (IEC 61340-4-7:2017)
Ta del standarda IEC 61340 podaja preskusne metode in postopke za vrednotenje ter izbiranje opreme in sistemov za ionizacijo zraka (ionizatorjev).
Ta dokument vzpostavlja merilne tehnike pod določenimi pogoji za določanje napetostnega premika (ionsko ravnovesje) in časa upadanja (nevtralizacija naboja) za ionizatorje.
Ta dokument ne vključuje meritev elektromagnetnih motenj (EMI) ali uporabe ionizatorjev v zvezi z ubojnimi sredstvi, vnetljivimi snovmi, eksplozivnimi predmeti ali elektronsko sproženim eksplozivnimi napravami.
Kot je zapisano v tem dokumentu, lahko preskusne metode in preskusne pogoje uporabljajo proizvajalci ionizatorjev, da podajo podatke o delovanju, ki opisujejo njihove proizvode. Uporabnike ionizatorjev se spodbuja, da prilagodijo preskusne metode in preskusne pogoje za svojo posebno uporabo, kvalificirajo ionizatorje za uporabo ali opravljajo redne preglede delovanja ionizatorjev.
Uporabnik določi obseg podatkov, potrebnih za vsako uporabo.
POZOR: S postopki in opremo, opisanimi v tem dokumentu, je lahko osebje izpostavljeno nevarnim električnim in neelektričnim pogojem. Uporabniki tega dokumenta so odgovorni za izbiro opreme, ki je v skladu z veljavnimi zakoni, regulativnimi kodeksi ter zunanjimi in notranjimi pravilniki. Uporabniki morajo upoštevati, da ta dokument ne more nadomestiti nobenih zahtev glede varnosti osebja.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 61340-4-7:2017
01-maj-2017
Elektrostatika - 4-7. del: Standardne preskusne metode za posebno uporabo -
Ionizacija (IEC 61340-4-7:2017)
Electrostatics - Part 4-7: Standard test methods for specific applications - Ionization (IEC
61340-4-7:2017)
Electrostatique - Partie 4-7: Méthodes d'essai normalisées pour des applications
spécifiques - Ionisation (IEC 61340-4-7:2017)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 61340-4-7:2017
ICS:
17.220.99 Drugi standardi v zvezi z Other standards related to
elektriko in magnetizmom electricity and magnetism
SIST EN 61340-4-7:2017 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 61340-4-7:2017
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SIST EN 61340-4-7:2017
EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 61340-4-7
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
March 2017
ICS 17.200.99; 29.020
English Version
Electrostatics - Part 4-7: Standard test methods for specific
applications - Ionization
(IEC 61340-4-7:2017)
Électrostatique - Partie 4-7: Méthodes d'essai normalisées Elektrostatik - Teil 4-7: Standard-Prüfverfahren für spezielle
pour des applications spécifiques - Ionisation Anwendungen - Ionisation
(IEC 61340-4-7:2017) (IEC 61340-4-7:2017)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2017-02-10. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC
Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2017 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
Ref. No. EN 61340-4-7:2017 E
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SIST EN 61340-4-7:2017
EN 61340-4-7:2017
European foreword
The text of document 101/521/FDIS, future edition 2 of IEC 61340-4-7, prepared by IEC/TC 101
"Electrostatics" was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by CENELEC as
EN 61340-4-7:2017.
The following dates are fixed:
(dop) 2017-11-10
• latest date by which the document has to be implemented at
national level by publication of an identical national
standard or by endorsement
• latest date by which the national standards conflicting with (dow) 2020-02-10
the document have to be withdrawn
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CENELEC [and/or CEN] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such
patent rights.
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 61340-4-7:2017 was approved by CENELEC as a
European Standard without any modification.
In the official version, for Bibliography, the following note has to be added for the standard indicated :
IEC/TR 61340-5-2 NOTE Harmonized as CLC/TR 61340-5-2
2
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SIST EN 61340-4-7:2017
IEC 61340-4-7
®
Edition 2.0 2017-01
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Electrostatics –
Part 4-7: Standard test methods for specific applications – Ionization
Électrostatique –
Partie 4-7: Méthodes d'essai normalisées pour des applications spécifiques –
Ionisation
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 17.200.99; 29.020 ISBN 978-2-8322-3775-5
Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor.
Attention! Veuillez vous assurer que vous avez obtenu cette publication via un distributeur agréé.
® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
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CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
INTRODUCTION . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms and definitions . 7
4 Test fixture and instrumentation . 9
5 Specific requirements for equipment categories . 11
5.1 Specific requirements for all ionization equipment . 11
5.2 Room ionization . 12
5.3 Laminar flow hood ionization . 14
5.4 Work surface ionization . 16
5.5 Compressed gas ionizers – Guns and nozzles . 19
Annex A (informative) Theoretical background and additional information on the
standard test method for the performance of ionizers . 21
A.1 Introductory remarks . 21
A.2 Air ions . 21
A.3 Mobility and ion current . 21
A.4 Neutralization current . 21
A.5 Neutralization rate . 22
A.6 Ion depletion and field suppression . 22
A.7 Charged plate monitor and charge neutralization . 22
A.8 Relationship between charged plate monitor decay time and actual object . 23
A.9 Offset voltage . 23
A.10 Preparation of test area . 23
A.11 Ion transport in airflow . 24
A.12 Obstruction of airflow around the charged plate monitor . 24
A.13 Effect of “air blanket” . 24
A.14 Sources of measurement error . 25
A.14.1 Typical decay time variability . 25
A.14.2 Plate isolation . 25
A.14.3 Charging voltage . 25
A.14.4 Materials near the plate . 25
A.14.5 Other field-producing devices in test area . 25
A.14.6 Effect of offset voltage on decay time . 25
A.15 Importance of ionization equipment maintenance . 26
Annex B (normative) Method of measuring the capacitance of an isolated conductive
plate . 27
B.1 Method . 27
B.2 Equipment . 27
B.3 Procedure . 27
B.4 Example. 27
B.5 Sources of error . 28
B.5.1 Measuring equipment . 28
B.5.2 Poor plate isolation . 28
B.5.3 Objects in the environment . 29
B.5.4 Stray capacitance . 29
Annex C (informative) Safety considerations . 30
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SIST EN 61340-4-7:2017
IEC 61340-4-7:2017 IEC 2017 – 3 –
C.1 General . 30
C.2 Electrical . 30
C.3 Ozone . 30
C.4 Radioactive . 30
C.5 X-ray . 30
C.6 Installation . 30
Bibliography . 31
Figure 1 – Charged plate monitor components for non-contacting plate measurement . 10
Figure 2 – Charged plate monitor components for contacting plate measurement . 10
Figure 3 – Conductive plate detail for the non-contacting CPM . 11
Figure 4 – Conductive plate detail for the voltage follower CPM . 11
Figure 5 – Test locations for room ionization – AC grids and DC bar systems . 13
Figure 6 – Test locations for room ionization – Single polarity emitter systems . 13
Figure 7 – Test locations for room ionization – Dual DC line systems . 14
Figure 8 – Test locations for room ionization – Pulsed DC emitter systems . 14
Figure 9 – Test locations for vertical laminar flow hood – Top view . 15
Figure 10 – Test locations for vertical laminar flow hood – Side view . 15
Figure 11 – Test locations for horizontal laminar flow hood – Top view . 16
Figure 12 – Test locations for horizontal laminar flow hood – Side view . 16
Figure 13 – Test locations for benchtop ionizer – Top view . 17
Figure 14 – Test locations for benchtop ionizer – Side view . 18
Figure 15 – Test locations for overhead ionizer – Top view . 18
Figure 16 – Test locations for overhead ionizer – Side view . 19
Figure 17 – Test locations for compressed gas ionizer (gun or nozzle) – Side view . 20
Table 1 – Test set-ups and test locations/points (TP) . 12
Table B.1 – Example measurement data . 28
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INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
ELECTROSTATICS –
Part 4-7: Standard test methods for specific applications –
Ionization
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 61340-4-7 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 101:
Electrostatics.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition, published in 2010, and constitutes
a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
– the use of contacting plate voltage measurements in addition to the previous non-
contacting plate voltage measurements has been added. Charged plate monitors (CPMs)
using this technology have been in use in the industry for many years.
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SIST EN 61340-4-7:2017
IEC 61340-4-7:2017 IEC 2017 – 5 –
The text of this standard is also based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
101/521/FDIS 101/524/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
A list of all parts in the IEC 61340 series, published under the general title Electrostatics, can
be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the stability date indicated on the IEC website under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data
related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
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INTRODUCTION
Grounding is the primary method used to limit static charge when protecting electrostatic
discharge sensitive items in the work environment. However, grounding methods are not
effective in removing static charges from the surfaces of non-conductive (insulative) or
isolated conductive materials. Air ionization techniques, by means of ionizer systems, can be
utilized to reduce this charge.
The preferred way of evaluating the ability of an ionizer to neutralize a static charge is to
directly measure the rate of charge decay. Charges to be neutralized may be located on
insulators as well as on isolated conductors. It is difficult to charge an insulator reliably and
repeatably. Charge neutralization is more easily evaluated by measuring the rate of decay of
the voltage of an isolated conductive plate. The measurement of this decay should not
interfere with or change the nature of the actual decay. Four practical methods of air
ionization are addressed in this document:
a) radioactive emission;
b) high-voltage corona from a.c. electric fields;
c) high-voltage corona from d.c. electric fields;
d) soft X-ray emission.
This part of IEC 61340 provides test methods and procedures that can be used when
evaluating ionization equipment. The objective of the test methods is to generate meaningful,
reproducible data. The test methods are not meant to be a recommendation for any particular
ionizer configuration. The wide variety of ionizers, and the environments within which they are
used, will often require test methods different from those described in this document. Users of
this document should be prepared to adapt the test methods as required to produce
meaningful data in their own application of ionizers.
Similarly, the test conditions chosen in this document do not represent a recommendation for
acceptable ionizer performance. There is a wide range of item sensitivities to static charge.
There is also a wide range of environmental conditions affecting the operation of ionizers.
Performance specifications should be agreed upon between the user and manufacturer of the
ionizer in each application. Users of this document should be prepared to establish
reasonable performance requirements for their own application of ionizers.
Annex B provides a method for measuring capacitance of the isolated conductive plate.
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SIST EN 61340-4-7:2017
IEC 61340-4-7:2017 IEC 2017 – 7 –
ELECTROSTATICS –
Part 4-7: Standard test methods for specific applications –
Ionization
1 Scope
This part of IEC 61340 provides test methods and procedures for evaluating and selecting air
ionization equipment and systems (ionizers).
This document establishes measurement techniques, under specified conditions, to determine
offset voltage (ion balance) and decay (charge neutralization) time for ionizers.
This document does not include measurements of electromagnetic interference (EMI), or the
use of ionizers in connection with ordnance, flammables, explosive items or electrically
initiated explosive devices.
As contained in this document, the test methods and test conditions can be used by
manufacturers of ionizers to provide performance data describing their products. Users of
ionizers are urged to modify the test methods and test conditions for their specific application
in order to qualify ionizers for use, or to make periodic verifications of ionizer performance.
The user will decide the extent of the data required for each application.
CAUTION: Procedures and equipment described in this document can expose personnel to hazardous electrical
and non-electrical conditions. Users of this document are responsible for selecting equipment that complies with
applicable laws, regulatory codes and both external and internal policy. Users are cautioned that this document
cannot replace or supersede any requirements for personnel safety.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
air conductivity
ability of air to conduct (pass) an electric current under the influence of an electric field
3.2
air ions
molecular clusters of about ten molecules (water, impurities, etc.) bound by polarization
forces to a singly charged oxygen or nitrogen molecule
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3.3
charge decay
decrease and/or neutralization of a net electrostatic charge
3.4
charged plate monitor
CPM
instrument using a charged metal plate of a defined capacitance and geometry which is
discharged in order to measure charge dissipation/neutralization properties of products or
materials
Note 1 to entry: This note applies to the French language only.
3.5
compressed gas ionizer
ionization device that can be used to neutralize charged surfaces and/or remove surface
particles with pressurized gas
Note 1 to entry: This type of ionizer may be used to ionize the gas within production equipment.
3.6
corona
production of positive or negative ions by a very localized high electric field
Note 1 to entry: The field is normally established by applying a high voltage to a conductor in the shape of a
sharp point or wire.
3.7
decay rate
decrease of charge or voltage per unit time
3.8
decay time
time necessary for a voltage (due to an electrostatic charge) to decay from an initial value to
some chosen final value
3.9
emitter
conducting sharp object, usually a needle or wire, which will cause a corona discharge when
kept at a high potential
3.10
horizontal laminar flow
non-turbulent airflow in a horizontal direction
3.11
ionizer
device designed to generate positive and/or negative air ions
3.12
isolated conductor
non-grounded conductor
3.13
laminar flow hood ionization
device or systems that provide local area ionization coverage in vertical or horizontal laminar
flow hoods or benches
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IEC 61340-4-7:2017 IEC 2017 – 9 –
3.14
non-contacting voltage measurement
measurement technique using an electrostatic fieldmeter or voltmeter to monitor the voltage
induced on an isolated conductive plate where there is no direct connection from the
measurement sensor to the isolated conductive plate
3.15
offset voltage
ion balance
observed voltage on the isolated conductive plate of a charged plate monitor (CPM) that has
been placed in an ionized environment
3.16
peak offset voltage
for pulsed ionizers, maximum value of the offset voltage for each polarity, as the ionizer
cycles between positive and negative ion outputs
3.17
room ionization
ionization systems that provide large area coverage with air ions
3.18
work surface ionization
ionization devices or systems used to control static charges at a work surface
Note 1 to entry: This type includes benchtop ionizers, overhead work surface ionizers and laminar flow hood
ionizers.
3.19
vertical laminar flow
non-turbulent airflow in a vertical direction
3.20
contacting voltage measurement
measurement technique using high input impedance circuitry used to monitor the voltage
induced on an isolated conductive plate where there is a direct connection from the circuitry to
the conductive plate
4 Test fixture and instrumentation
4.1 The instrument described in this document to make performance measurements on air
ionization equipment is the charged plate monitor (CPM); refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2. The
conductive plate shall be (15,0 ± 0,1) cm × (15,0 ± 0,1) cm and the total capacitance of the
test circuit, with plate, while the instrument is in its normal operating mode, shall be
20 pF ± 2 pF (refer to Annex B). See Figure 3 and Figure 4. The instrument described in this
document may also be used for compliance verification of air ionizers.
4.2 For the isolated conductive plate design shown in Figure 3, there shall be no objects,
grounded or otherwise, closer than dimension "A" of the conductive plate, except the
supporting insulators or plate voltage contacts, as shown in Figure 3 (refer to Annex B). For
the conductive plate assembly shown in Figure 4, there shall be no objects, grounded or
otherwise, within 2,54 cm of the plate assembly in any direction, other than a support
structure (e.g. a tripod) located below the ground plate of the assembly.
4.3 The conductive plate, when charged to the desired test voltage, shall not decay more
than 10 % of the test voltage within 5 min, in the absence of ionization.
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4.4 The voltage on the conductive plate shall be monitored in such a way that the system
conforms to 4.1, 4.2 and 4.3. The response time of the monitoring device shall be sufficient to
accurately measure changing plate voltages.
For safety reasons (see Clause C.1), the voltage source used to charge the plate should be
current limited.
Probe
See NOTE
Switch
Conductive plate
Insulator
Ground plate
Ground
High voltage
power supply -
current limited
Non-contacting
voltmeter or
electrometer
Decay timer
IEC
NOTE See Figure 3.
Figure 1 – Charged plate monitor components for non-contacting plate measurement
+HV
Threshold
A/D detector and
decay timer
20pF –HV
–HV +HV
IEC
Figure 2 – Charged plate monitor components for contacting plate measurement
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IEC 61340-4-7:2017 IEC 2017 – 11 –
(15,0 ± 0,1) cm × (15,0 ± 0,1) cm
Conductive plate
Dimension A
Insulator
Ground plate
Ground
2
≥ 15 cm
IEC
Figure 3 – Conductive plate detail for the non-contacting CPM
(15,0 ± 0,1) cm × (15,0 ± 0,1) cm
Conductive plate assembly
Insulator
Driven shield
Insulator
Ground plate
2
≥ 15 cm
IEC
Figure 4 – Conductive plate detail for the voltage follower CPM
5 Specific requirements for equipment categories
5.1 Specific requirements for all ionization equipment
For the types of ionization equipment listed in 5.2, 5.3, 5.4 and 5.5, the following specific
requirements apply:
a) Decay time test – The conductive plate of the test fixture shall be charged to an initial test
voltage and allowed to decay to 10 % of the initial test voltage. The time required shall be
monitored and recorded for both polarities of initial charge. This time is referred to as the
decay time (refer
...
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