SIST EN ISO 12947-1:1999

Textiles - Determination of the abrasion resistance of fabrics by the Martindale method - Part 1: Martindale abrasion testing apparatus (ISO 12947-1:1998)

This standard specifies requirements for the Martindale abrasion testing apparatus.

Textilien - Bestimmung der Scheuerbeständigkeit von textilien Flächengebilden mit dem Martindale-Verfahren - Teil 1: Martindale-Scheuerprüfgerät (ISO 12947-1:1998)

Dieser Teil von ISO 12947 beschreibt die Anforderungen an das Martindale-Scheuerprüfgerät und die Hilfsmittel, die bei den in den Teilen 2 bis 4 von ISO 12974 festgelegten Prüfverfahren zur Bestimmung der Scheuerbeständigkeit von textilien Flächengebilden angewendet werden. Dieser Teil von ISO 12947 gilt für die Prüfung von a) Web- und Maschenwaren; b) Flortextilien mit einer Florhöhe bis 2 mm; c) Vliesstoffen.

Textiles - Détermination de la résistance a l'abrasion des étoffes par la méthode Martindale - Partie 1: Appareillage d'essai d'abrasion de Martindale (ISO 12947-1:1998)

La présente partie de l'ISO 12947 spécifie les exigences pour l'appareillage d'essai de Martindale et les matériaux auxiliaires à utiliser pour les méthodes d'essai spécifiées dans les parties 2 à 4 de l'ISO 12947 pour la détermination de la résistance à l'abrasion des étoffes.
La présente partie de l'ISO 12947 s'applique à l'appareillage pour les essais des étoffes suivantes:
a) étoffes tissées et tricotées;
b) velours dont la hauteur du velours est inférieure à 2 mm;
c) non-tissés.

Tekstilije - Ugotavljanje odpornosti tekstilij proti drgnjenju po Martindalovi metodi - 1.del: Martindalov preskuševalni aparat za drgnjenje (ISO 12947-1:1998)

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Jun-1999
• ICS: 59.080.30 - Textile fabrics
• Technical Committee: ITEK - Textile and textile products
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 01-Jul-1999
• Due Date: 01-Jul-1999
• Completion Date: 01-Jul-1999
• Ref Project: EN ISO 12947-1:1998 - Textiles - Determination of the abrasion resistance of fabrics by the Martindale method - Part 1: Martindale abrasion testing apparatus (ISO 12947-1:1998)

Relations

• Child: SIST EN ISO 12947-3:1999 - Textiles - Determination of the abrasion resistance of fabrics by the Martindale method - Part 3: Determination of mass loss (ISO 12947-3:1998)
• Effective Date: 22-Dec-2008
• Child: SIST EN ISO 12947-2:1999 - Textiles - Determination of the abrasion resistance of fabrics by the Martindale method - Part 2: Determination of specimen breakdown (ISO 12947-2:1998)
• Effective Date: 22-Dec-2008
• Child: SIST EN ISO 12947-4:1999 - Textiles - Determination of the abrasion resistance of fabrics by the Martindale method - Part 4: Assessment of appearance change (ISO 12947-4:1998)
• Effective Date: 22-Dec-2008
• Corrected By: SIST EN ISO 12947-1:1999/AC:2006 - Textiles - Determination of the abrasion resistance of fabrics by the Martindale method - Part 1: Martindale abrasion testing apparatus (ISO 12947-1:1998/Cor.1:2002)
• Effective Date: 22-Dec-2008

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 12947-1:1999
01-julij-1999
Tekstilije - Ugotavljanje odpornosti tekstilij proti drgnjenju po Martindalovi metodi
- 1.del: Martindalov preskuševalni aparat za drgnjenje (ISO 12947-1:1998)
Textiles - Determination of the abrasion resistance of fabrics by the Martindale method -
Part 1: Martindale abrasion testing apparatus (ISO 12947-1:1998)
Textilien - Bestimmung der Scheuerbeständigkeit von textilien Flächengebilden mit dem
Martindale-Verfahren - Teil 1: Martindale-Scheuerprüfgerät (ISO 12947-1:1998)
Textiles - Détermination de la résistance a l'abrasion des étoffes par la méthode
Martindale - Partie 1: Appareillage d'essai d'abrasion de Martindale (ISO 12947-1:1998)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 12947-1:1998
ICS:
59.080.30 Tkanine Textile fabrics
SIST EN ISO 12947-1:1999 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST EN ISO 12947-1:1999

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SIST EN ISO 12947-1:1999

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SIST EN ISO 12947-1:1999

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SIST EN ISO 12947-1:1999
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 12947-1
First edition
1998-12-15
Textiles — Determination of the abrasion
resistance of fabrics by the Martindale
method —
Part 1:
Martindale abrasion testing apparatus
Textiles — Détermination de la résistance à l’abrasion des étoffes
par la méthode Martindale —
Partie 1: Appareil d’essai d’abrasion Martindale
A
Reference number
ISO 12947-1:1998(E)

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SIST EN ISO 12947-1:1999
ISO 12947-1:1998(E)
Contents Page
1 Scope .1
2 Normative references .1
3 Definitions .2
4 Principle.2
5 Apparatus .2
6 Auxiliary materials.6
7 Assembly and maintenance of the apparatus .7
Annex A (normative) Method for checking the Lissajous figure.10
Annex B (normative) Method for measuring the indentation hardness of foam .11
Bibliography.12
©  ISO 1998
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic
or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher.
International Organization for Standardization
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Genève 20 • Switzerland
Internet [e-mail]
Printed in Switzerland
ii

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SIST EN ISO 12947-1:1999
© ISO
ISO 12947-1:1998(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO
member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical
committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has
the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in
liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical
Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting.
Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
International Standard ISO 12947-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 38, Textiles.
ISO 12947 consists of the following parts under the general title Textiles – Determination of the abrasion resistance
of fabrics by the Martindale method:
 Part 1: Martindale abrasion testing apparatus
 Part 2: Determination of specimen breakdown
 Part 3: Determination of mass loss
 Part 4: Assessment of appearance change
Annexes A and B form an integral part of this part of ISO 12947.
iii

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SIST EN ISO 12947-1:1999
© ISO
ISO 12947-1:1998(E)
Introduction
The choice of method of abrasion testing is established before the start of the testing and recorded in the test
report, since the results of the different methods cannot be compared with each other.
The determination of resistance to pilling of fabrics using the Martindale apparatus is given in ISO 12945,
1)
Textiles — Determination of the resistance to pilling and change of appearance of fabrics, parts 1, 2 and 3 .

1) These three parts of International Standard ISO 12945 are yet to be published.
iv

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SIST EN ISO 12947-1:1999
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD  © ISO ISO 12947-1:1998(E)
Textiles — Determination of the abrasion resistance of fabrics by
the Martindale method —
Part 1:
Martindale abrasion testing apparatus
1 Scope
This part of ISO 12947 specifies requirements for the Martindale testing apparatus and auxiliary materials for use in
the test methods specified in parts 2 to 4 of ISO 12947 for determination of the abrasion resistance of fabrics.
This part of ISO 12947 is applicable to apparatus for the testing of:
a) woven and knitted fabrics;
b) pile textiles having a pile height of up to 2 mm;
c) nonwovens.
2 Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of
this part of ISO 12947. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications
do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this part of ISO 12947 are encouraged to investigate the
possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated
references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain
registers of currently valid International Standards.
ISO 137:1975, Wool — Determination of fibre diameter — Projection microscope method.
ISO 286-2:1988, ISO system of limits and fits — Part 2: Tables of standard tolerance grades and limit deviations for
holes and shafts.
ISO 845:1988, Cellular plastics and rubbers — Determination of apparent (bulk) density.
ISO 2060:1994, Textiles — Yarn from packages — Determination of linear density (mass per unit length) — Skein
method.
ISO 2061:1995, Textiles — Determination of twist in yarns — Direct counting method.
ISO 2286-3:1998, Rubber- or plastics-coated fabrics — Determination of roll characteristics — Part 3: Method for
the determination of thickness.
ISO 3074:1975, Wool — Determination of dichloromethane — Soluble matter in combed sliver.
ISO 3801:1977, Textiles — Woven fabrics — Determination of mass per unit length and mass per unit area.
ISO 5084:1996, Textiles — Determination of thickness of textiles and textile products.
1

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SIST EN ISO 12947-1:1999
© ISO
ISO 12947-1:1998(E)
ISO 7211-2:1984, Textiles — Woven Fabrics — Construction — Methods of analysis — Part 2: Determination of
number of threads per unit length.
ISO 12947-2:1998, Textiles — Determination of the abrasion resistance of fabrics by the Martindale method —
Part 2: Determination of specimen breakdown.
ISO 12947-3:1998, Textiles — Determination of the abrasion resistance of fabrics by the Martindale method —
Part 3: Determination of mass loss.
3 Definitions
For the purposes of this part of ISO 12947, the following definitions apply.
3.1
abrasion rub
one revolution of the two outer drives of the Martindale abrasion tester
3.2
abrasion cycle
completion of all the translational abrasion movements tracing a Lissajous figure comprising 16 rubs, i.e.
16 revolutions of the two outer drives and 15 revolutions of the inner drive of the Martindale abrasion tester
3.3
inspection interval
number of continuously performed rubs
3.4
Lissajous figure
figure created by movement which changes from a circle to gradually narrowing ellipses, until it becomes a straight
line, from which progressively widening ellipses develop, in a diagonally opposite direction before the pattern is
repeated
3.5
work station
abrading table
4 Principle
The Martindale abrasion tester subjects a circular specimen to a defined load and rubs it against an abrasive
medium (i.e standard fabric) in a translational movement tracing a Lissajous figure. The specimen holder, containing
either specimen or abrasive medium depending on which method (ISO 12947, Parts 2, 3 or 4) is being used, is
additionally freely rotatable around its own axis perpendicular to the horizontal plane.
The specimen is subjected to abrasive wear for a predetermined number of rubs. The number of abrasion rubs
making up the inspection interval depends upon the product type and method of assessment.
5 Apparatus
5.1 General
The test apparatus consists of a baseplate on which are mounted the abrading tables and drive mechanism. The
drive mechanism consists of two outer drives and an inner drive which cause the specimen holder guide plate to
trace a Lissajous figure (see annex A).
NOTE The Martindale apparatus does not generate a perfect Lissajous motion.
2

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SIST EN ISO 12947-1:1999
© ISO
ISO 12947-1:1998(E)
The specimen holder guide plate is moved horizontally by the drive mechanism in such a way that every point of the
guide plate describes the same Lissajous figure.
The specimen holder guide plate is fitted with bearing housings and low friction bearings which carry the specimen
holder guide spindles. The lower end of each specimen holder spindle is inserted into each corresponding specimen
holder body. On the upper end of the spindle, loading pieces can be fitted. The specimen holder consists of a body,
insert and nut.
The apparatus is fitted with a pre-settable counting device which counts each revolution of one of the outer drives.
5.2 Drive and base plate attachments
5.2.1 Drive
The drive shall be arranged so that the heated exhaust air from the motor ventilation cannot reach the abraded
surface. The movement of the specimen holders takes place by means of:
a) two outer synchronised drive units, in which:
 the distance of the axis of the drive units from their central axis is (30,25 – 0,25) mm;
21
 the rotational frequency of the outer drive units is (47,5 – 2,5) min ;
b) an inner drive unit, in which:
 the distance of the axis of the drive unit from its central axis is (30,25 – 0,25) mm;
 21.
the rotational frequency of the drive unit is (44,5 – 2,4) min
The ratio of the rotation of the outer drive units to that of the inner drive unit shall be 16:15, i.e. after 16 revolutions
of the outer units, the inner unit has carried out 15 revolutions and it has returned to the starting position of the
Lissajous figure.
The maximum length of stroke of the specimen holder guide plate in both the longitudinal and transverse directions
is (60,5 – 0,5) mm.
5.2.2 Counter
The counter for counting the abrasion rubs shall measure to an accuracy of one rub.
5.2.3 Abrading table
Each of the abrading tables consist of the following elements:
a) abrading table (see figure 1);
b) clamping ring (see figure 2);
c) clamping mechanism to fasten the clamping ring;
d) pressing weight of mass (2,5 – 0,5) kg and of diameter (120 – 10) mm.
5.3 Specimen holder guide plate
The specimen holder guide plate is a plate in which three guides engage the drive units. These guides interact so
as t
...