oSIST prEN IEC 61810-7-7:2023
(Main)Electrical relays - Tests and Measurements - Part 7-7: Functional Tests
Electrical relays - Tests and Measurements - Part 7-7: Functional Tests
Relais électriques - Essais et mesurages - Partie 7-7: Essais fonctionnels
Električni releji - Preskusi in meritve - 7-7. del: Funkcionalni preskusi
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN IEC 61810-7-7:2023
01-oktober-2023
Električni releji - Preskusi in meritve - 7-7. del: Funkcionalni preskusi
Electrical relays - Tests and Measurements - Part 7-7: Functional Tests
Relais électriques - Essais et mesurages - Partie 7-7: Essais fonctionnels
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN IEC 61810-7-7:2023
ICS:
29.120.70 Releji Relays
oSIST prEN IEC 61810-7-7:2023 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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94/924/CDV
COMMITTEE DRAFT FOR VOTE (CDV)
PROJECT NUMBER:
IEC 61810-7-7 ED1
DATE OF CIRCULATION: CLOSING DATE FOR VOTING:
2023-08-18 2023-11-10
SUPERSEDES DOCUMENTS:
94/818/CD, 94/911/CC
IEC TC 94 : ELECTRICAL RELAYS
SECRETARIAT: SECRETARY:
Austria Mr Bernhard Spalt
OF INTEREST TO THE FOLLOWING COMMITTEES: PROPOSED HORIZONTAL STANDARD:
Other TC/SCs are requested to indicate their interest, if
any, in this CDV to the secretary.
FUNCTIONS CONCERNED:
EMC ENVIRONMENT QUALITY ASSURANCE SAFETY
SUBMITTED FOR CENELEC PARALLEL VOTING NOT SUBMITTED FOR CENELEC PARALLEL VOTING
Attention IEC-CENELEC parallel voting
The attention of IEC National Committees, members of
CENELEC, is drawn to the fact that this Committee Draft
for Vote (CDV) is submitted for parallel voting.
The CENELEC members are invited to vote through the
CENELEC online voting system.
This document is still under study and subject to change. It should not be used for reference purposes.
Recipients of this document are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of
which they are aware and to provide supporting documentation.
Recipients of this document are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant “In Some
Countries” clauses to be included should this proposal proceed. Recipients are reminded that the CDV stage is
the final stage for submitting ISC clauses. (SEE AC/22/2007 OR NEW GUIDANCE DOC).
TITLE:
Electrical relays – Tests and Measurements – Part 7-7: Functional Tests
PROPOSED STABILITY DATE: 2025
NOTE FROM TC/SC OFFICERS:
Copyright © 2023 International Electrotechnical Commission, IEC. All rights reserved. It is permitted to download this
electronic file, to make a copy and to print out the content for the sole purpose of preparing National Committee positions.
You may not copy or "mirror" the file or printed version of the document, or any part of it, for any other purpose without
permission in writing from IEC.
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1 CONTENTS
2
3 FOREWORD . 4
4 1 Scope . 6
5 2 Normative references . 6
6 3 Terms and definitions . 7
7 3.1 Energization values . 7
8 3.1.1 reverse revert voltage . 7
9 3.1.2 reverse non-revert voltage . 7
10 3.1.3 reverse polarity voltage . 7
11 4 Test procedure . 8
12 4.1 Purpose . 8
13 4.2 Procedure . 8
14 4.3 Conditions . 13
15 5 Evaluation . 14
16 Annex A (normative) Test procedures for particular relay types . 15
17 A.1 Elementary relays with reed switches (reed contacts) . 15
18 A.1.1 General . 15
19 A.1.2 Influence of magnetic interferences . 17
20 A.1.3 Railway Applications . 18
21 A.2 Time relays for industrial and residential use . 19
22 A.2.1 General . 19
23 A.2.2 Operate . 19
24 A.2.3 Release . 19
25 A.2.4 Time function . 20
26 A.3 Solid-state relays . 20
27 A.3.1 General . 20
28 A.3.2 OFF-state leakage current measurement . 20
29 A.3.3 ON-state voltage drop measurement. 21
30 A.4 Relays with forcibly guided (mechanically linked) contacts . 21
31 A.4.1 General . 21
32 A.4.2 Functional requirements . 21
33 A.4.3 Test procedure . 21
34 Annex B (normative) Standard test coils and test systems for reed switches . 23
35 B.1 Standard test coils for reed switches . 23
36 B.2 Test systems for reed switches . 25
37 B.2.1 Definition of test systems . 25
38 B.2.2 Test procedures and Conditions of testing . 26
39 Annex T (informative) Test report. 27
40 Bibliography . 28
41
42 Figure 1 – Monostable non-polarized DUT . 9
43 Figure 2 – Monostable DUT polarized by diode . 10
44 Figure 3 – Monostable polarized DUT with magnetic biasing . 11
45 Figure 4 – Bistable non-polarized DUT (not applicable to remanence DUTs) . 12
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46 Figure 5 – Bistable polarized DUT (example) . 13
47 Figure A.1 – Example of test arrangement for multi mounting . 18
48 Figure B.1 – Configuration of test coils . 23
49 Figure B.2 – Test system 1 . 25
50 Figure B.3 – Test system 2 . 25
51
52 Table 1 – Energization quantity values and corresponding functions . 8
53 Table A.1 – Special requirements for railway applications – rolling stock . 19
54 Table A.2 – Changing of influencing quantities . 20
55 Table B.1 – List of standard test coils (1 of 2) . 23
56
57
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58 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
59 ____________
60
61 ELECTRICAL RELAYS – TESTS AND MEASUREMENTS
62
63 Part 7-7: Functional Tests
64
65
66 FOREWORD
67 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
68 all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
69 co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and
70 in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports,
71 Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their
72 preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with
73 may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising
74 with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for
75 Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations.
76 2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
77 consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
78 interested IEC National Committees.
79 3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
80 Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
81 Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
82 misinterpretation by any end user.
83 4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
84 transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between
85 any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter.
86 5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
87 assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
88 services carried out by independent certification bodies.
89 6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
90 7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
91 members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
92 other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
93 expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
94 Publications.
95 8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
96 indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
97 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent
98 rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
99 IEC 61810-7 has been prepared by subcommittee WG3: Maintenance of basic relay standards,
100 of IEC technical committee 94: All-or-nothing electrical relays. It is an International Standard.
101 The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
CD CC
94/818/CD 94/911/CC
102
103 Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in
104 the above table.
105 The language used for the development of this International Standard is English.
106 This document was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, and developed in
107 accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1 and ISO/IEC Directives, IEC Supplement, available
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108 at www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs. The main document types developed by IEC are
109 described in greater detail at http://www.iec.ch/standardsdev/publications.
110 A list of all parts of IEC 61810 series, published under the general title Electromechanical
111 elementary relays, can be found on the IEC website.
112 This International Standard is to be used in conjunction with IEC 61810-1:2015.
113 The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
114 stability date indicated on the IEC website under webstore.iec.ch in the data related to the
115 specific document. At this date, the document will be
116 • reconfirmed,
117 • withdrawn,
118 • replaced by a revised edition, or
119 • amended.
120
121
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122 ELECTRICAL RELAYS – TESTS AND MEASUREMENTS
123
124 Part 7-7: Functional Tests
125
126
127
128 1 Scope
129 This part of IEC 61810-7 is used for testing all kind of relays within the scope of technical
130 committee 94 and shall evaluate their ability to perform under expected conditions of
131 transportation, storage and all aspects of operational use.
132 The tests stated here within shall be done with test conditions and appropriate severities, as
133 well as suitable measurements conditions.
134 The object of this test is to define a standard test method to ensure that the DUT performs
135 satisfactorily at its specified energization values throughout the defined temperature range.
136
137 2 Normative references
138 The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
139 constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies.
140 For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
141 amendments) applies.
142 IEC 61810-1:2015, Electromechanical elementary relays – Part 1: General and safety
143 requirements
144 IEC 61810-1:2015/AMD1:2019, Amendment 1 - Electromechanical elementary relays - Part 1:
145 General and safety requirements
146 IEC 61810-3:2015, Electromechanical elementary relays – Part 3: Relays with forcibly guided
147 (mechanically linked) contacts
148 IEC 61810-4:2020, Electromechanical elementary relays – Part 4: General and safety
149 requirements for reed relays
150 IEC 61810-7-0, All-or-nothing relays – Tests and measurements – Part 7-0: Testing – General
151 and Guidance
152 IEC 61810-7-25, All-or-nothing relays – Tests and measurements – Part 7-25: Testing –
153 Magnetic interference
154 IEC61812-1:2011, Time relays for industrial and residential use – Part1: Requirements and
155 tests
156 IEC 62314:2022 (FDIS), Solid-state relays – Safety requirements
157 IEC 62246-1:2015, Reed switches – Part 1: Generic specification
158
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159 3 Terms and definitions
160 For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in Clause 3 of IEC 61810-7-
161 0 apply with the following additions.
162 ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
163 addresses:
164 • IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
165 • ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
166
167 3.1 Energization values
168 3.1.1 reverse revert voltage
169 for a specific type of polarized bistable relay, value of the coil voltage greater than and with the
170 same polarity as the reset voltage, at which the relay reverts reversely
171 [IEV 444-03-14, modified]
172 3.1.2 reverse non-revert voltage
173 for a specific type of polarized bistable relay, value of the coil voltage greater than and with the
174 same polarity as the reset voltage, at which the relay does not revert reversely
175 [IEV 444-03-15, modified]
176 3.1.3 reverse polarity voltage
177 for a polarized monostable relay, value of the coil voltage of reverse polarity at which the relay
178 does not operate
179 [IEV 444-03-16, modified]
180 NOTE: This voltage can be considered a special characteristic of non-operate for polarized monostable relays only,
181 in particular when the polarized property is established by means of a diode (breakdown voltage).
182
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183 4 Test procedure
184 4.1 Purpose
185 To ensure that the DUT performs satisfactorily at its specified energization values throughout
186 the defined temperature range. This test is a part of the general DUT type test according to IEC
187 61810-1:2015, Table 3.
188 4.2 Procedure
189 The basic operation functions for monostable and bistable relays are described in clause 9 of
190 IEC 61810-1:2015. The following functional tests cover a wider range and shall be done in a
191 sequence, that covers of all foreseeable DUT states and state changes. Table 1 sets out the
192 applicable values and the significance of the functional tests, referring to Figure 1 to Figure 5,
193 which give typical examples.
194 Additional and/or alternative functional test procedures for the particular types of relays are
195 stated in Annex A.
196 • Elementary relays with reed switches (Annex A.1)
197 • Time relays for industrial and residential use (Annex A.2)
198 • Solid-state relays (Annex 0)
199 • Relays with forcibly guided (mechanically linked) contacts (Annex A.4)
200
201 Table 1 – Energization quantity values and corresponding functions
Diagram code Applied energization The DUT shall Applicable to
(see Figure 1 quantitye
to Figure 5)
a Non-operate voltage Not operate All types
b Operate voltage Operate All types
c Rated voltage Remain operated All types
d Non-revert voltage Remain operated Polarized
e Non-release voltage Not release Monostable
f Release voltage Release Monostable
g Non-reset voltage Not reset Bistable
h Reset voltage Reset Bistable
i Reverse rated voltage Remain reset Bistable polarized
j Reverse non-revert voltage Remain non-operated / reset Bistable polarized
k Reverse polarity voltage Not operate Monostable polarized
x Preconditioning value Be preconditioned All if required
y Setting voltage Be set in required position All if required
z Reverse setting voltage Be set in required position All if required
202
203 Testing is made by attributes and shall be made in the order given in the following figures,
204 unless otherwise specified.
205 When required, the external magnetic preconditioning shall be applied, respecting the correct
206 orientation of the DUT with regard to the applied external magnetic fields.
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207 When proceeding from one step to the next, the characteristics of the coil voltage shall be as
208 specified. The corresponding function of the DUT shall be checked by electrically monitoring
209 the contact state as defined in IEC 61810-7-0.
210 NOTE 1 For statistical evaluation across a number of DUTs or several batches of DUTs, actual data for the values
211 given in Table 1 may be recorded instead of attributive testing.
212 NOTE 2 DUTs incorporating permanent magnets should be preconditioned with the rated voltage for a full cycle to
213 achieve consistent electrical measurements. In case of expected external influences like shocks, which may change
214 contact state without energization, the functional tests should be executed with and without preconditioning to verify
215 performance.
216 Explanatory notes concerning performance diagrams, Figure 1 to Figure 5:
217 The drawings are not to scale.
218 The preconditioning pulses are examples only. Any other waveform direction, duration or
219 amplitude may be used.
220 The sequence of Figure 5, bistable polarized DUT, is an example only. Other sequences might
221 apply to further types of such DUTs.
x
c
b
e
a
f
f
a
e
b
c
x
1
0
IEC 282/06
222
223 Key
a non-operate voltage e non-release voltage (monostable DUTs)
b operate voltage f release voltage (monostable DUTs)
c rated voltage x preconditioning voltage
224 The upper traces each represent the energization values, the lower traces indicate the condition of the contact
225 (0 = release condition, 1 = operate condition).
226 Figure 1 – Monostable non-polarized DUT
227
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d
x
c
b
e
a
f
k
1
0
IEC 283/06
228
229 Key
a non-operate voltage e non-release voltage (monostable DUTs)
b operate voltage f release voltage (monostable DUTs)
c rated voltage k reverse polarity voltage
d non-revert voltage x preconditioning voltage
230 The upper traces each represent the energization values, the lower traces indicate the condition of the contact
231 (0 = release condition, 1 = operate condition).
232 Figure 2 – Monostable DUT polarized by diode
233
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x
d
c
b
e
a
f
k
1
0
IEC 284/06
234
235 Key
a non-operate voltage e non-release voltage (monostable DUTs)
b operate voltage f release voltage (monostable DUTs)
c rated voltage k reverse polarity voltage
d non-revert voltage x preconditioning voltage
236 The upper traces each represent the energization values, the lower traces indicate the condition of the contact
237 (0 = release condition, 1 = operate condition).
238 Figure 3 – Monostable polarized DUT with magnetic biasing
239
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xy
y
h
b
a
g
g
a
b
h
c
xz c
1
0
IEC 285/06
240
241 Key
a non-operate voltage h reset voltage (bistable DUTs)
b operate voltage x (reverse) preconditioning voltage
c rated voltage y setting voltage
g non-reset voltage (bistable DUTs) z reverse setting voltage
242 The upper traces each represent the energization values, the lower traces indicate the condition of the contact (0 =
243 release condition, 1 = operate condition).
244 Figure 4 – Bistable non-polarized DUT (not applicable to remanence DUTs)
245
246
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xy xy
d
c
b
a a
g g
h
xz i
j
1
0
247
248 Key (arranged by duality of characteristics)
a non-operate voltage g non-reset voltage (bistable DUTs)
b operate voltage h reset voltage (bistable DUTs)
c rated voltage i reverse rated voltage
d non-revert voltage j reverse non-revert voltage
x preconditioning voltage
y setting voltage z reverse setting voltage
249 The upper traces each represent the energization values, the lower traces indicate the condition of the contact
250 (0 = release condition, 1 = operate condition).
251 Figure 5 – Bistable polarized DUT (example)
252
253 4.3 Conditions
254 The DUT shall be in a new and clean condition, mounted as in service or specified by the
255 manufacturer. The test shall be performed under applicable reference conditions given in
256 Clause 4 of IEC 61810-7-0.
257 The conditions to be specified are the following:
258 a) Energization quantity values and values for preconditioning, as required, and their
259 polarity;
260 b) number of DUTs for the test;
261 c) order of steps, if different from the procedure described before;
262 d) application of consecutive pulses or voltage ramp, instead of stepwise changes, if
263 applicable;
264 e) duration of steps and time between the steps, or device to be used to perform them, if a
265 more precise specification is required;
266 f) application of the test to new DUTs or after a specified number of cycles, or any other
267 pre-treatment, if required;
268 g) mechanical setup (installation, mechanical fixation, orientation of DUT, …);
269 h) reference conditions (ambient temperature, humidity, …), if different from IEC 61810-7-
270 0, Table 1.
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271 i) magnetic orientation, if required;
272 j) details of monitoring, if required;
273 k) contact monitoring load;
274 l) precycling, if required.
275 For the test, the specified duty cycle must be maintained to avoid impermissible coil heating.
276 NOTE 1 General requirements on the switching function for elementary relays are stated in IEC 61810-1:2015, clause
277 9.
278 NOTE 2 Recommended coil voltage values for release and reset are stated in IEC 61810-1:2015, subclause 5.4 and
279 5.5, respectively.
280
281 5 Evaluation
282 The DUT shall respond to each functional test step with its intended contact state for each
283 defined voltage step. The DUT response should be recorded and documented, for each
284 individual test step of each DUT test. The test is passed, if all steps are performed satisfactorily.
285
286
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287 Annex A
288 (normative)
289
290 Test procedures for particular relay types
291 A.1 Elementary relays with reed switches (reed contacts)
292 A.1.1 General
293 For elementary relays with reed switches (reed contacts) the following test and measurement
294 procedures for functional tests shall be applied, being carried over from IEC 62246-1:2015, sub-
295 clause 6.5.
296 A.1.1.1 Procedure
297 A.1.1.1.1 Procedures for reed switches
298 Functional tests shall be applied, in the order given, to the switch mounted in a test coil. Unless
299 otherwise prescribed, the increase and decrease of the energization of the coil shall be
300 performed at a rate not greater than:
301 • 5 A × turns/ms for saturate value and zero energization;
302 • 1 A × turns/ms for must-not-release, must-release, must-not-operate, must-operate, just-
303 release and just-operate values.
304 Either of the following monitoring procedures may be used:
305 Procedure 1: Contact circuits shall be monitored, throughout the tests, for failure-to-make
306 and failure-to-break at the appropriate values of test coil energization.
307
308 Procedure 2a: Physical opening and closing of the contact shall be monitored throughout the
309 tests by magnetic induction or other equivalent methods.
310 a) Saturate: The test coil shall be energized for a specified period to the saturate value.
311 The contact is then in the operate position.
312 b) Must-not-release: When prescribed, the energization of the coil shall be reduced to
313 the must-not-release value (see Notes 1 and 2).
314 c) Must-release: The energization of the coil shall be reduced from the must-not-release
315 value (or in its absence, the saturate value) to the must-release value. Unless
316 otherwise prescribed, the release energization attained shall then be reduced to zero
317 for a minimum period of 20 ms.
318 d) Must-not-operate: When prescribed, the energization of the coil shall be increased
319 from zero to the must-not-operate value (see Note 1).
320 e) Must-operate: The energization of the coil shall be increased from zero (or from the
321 must-not-operate value, when specified) to the must-operate value.
322
323 Procedure 2b: Physical opening and closing of the contact shall be monitored throughout the
324 tests by magnetic induction or other equivalent methods.
325 a) Saturate: The test coil shall be energized for a specified period to the saturate value.
326 The contact is then in the operate condition.
327 b) Zero energization: The energization shall be reduced to zero for a period of 20 ms.
328 c) Must-not-operate: When prescribed, the energization of the
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