SIST EN IEC 62271-110:2023
(Main)High-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 110: Inductive load switching (IEC 62271-110:2023)
High-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 110: Inductive load switching (IEC 62271-110:2023)
This part of IEC 62271 is applicable to AC switching devices designed for indoor or outdoor
installation, for operation at frequencies of 50 Hz and 60 Hz on systems having voltages above
1 000 V and applied for inductive current switching. It is applicable to switching devices
(including circuit-breakers in accordance with IEC 62271-100) that are used to switch
high-voltage motor currents and shunt reactor currents and also to high-voltage contactors used
to switch high-voltage motor currents as covered by IEC 62271-106.
Switching unloaded transformers, i.e. breaking transformer magnetizing current, is not
considered in this document. The reasons for this are as follows:
a) Owing to the non-linearity of the transformer core, it is not possible to correctly model the
switching of transformer magnetizing current using linear components in a test laboratory.
Tests conducted using an available transformer, such as a test transformer, will only be
valid for the transformer tested and cannot be representative for other transformers.
b) As detailed in IEC TR 62271-306, the characteristics of this duty are usually less severe
than any other inductive current switching duty. Such a duty can produce severe
overvoltages within the transformer winding(s) depending on the re-ignition behaviour of the
switching device and transformer winding resonance frequencies.
NOTE 1 The switching of tertiary reactors from the high-voltage side of the transformer is not covered by this
document.
NOTE 2 The switching of shunt reactors earthed through neutral reactors is not covered by this document. However,
the application of test results according to this document, on the switching of neutral reactor earthed reactors (4-leg
reactor scheme), is discussed in IEC TR 62271-306.
Hochspannungs-Schaltgeräte und -Schaltanlagen - Teil 110: Schalten induktiver Lasten (IEC 62271-110:2023)
Appareillage à haute tension - Partie 110: Manuvre de charges inductives (IEC 62271-110:2023)
IEC 62271-110:2023 est disponible sous forme de IEC 62271-110:2023 RLV qui contient la Norme internationale et sa version Redline, illustrant les modifications du contenu technique depuis l'édition précédente.
L’IEC 62271-110:2023 est applicable aux appareils de connexion à courant alternatif conçus pour être installés à l'intérieur ou à l'extérieur, pour fonctionner à des fréquences de 50 Hz et 60 Hz sur des réseaux de tensions supérieures à 1 000 V, et prévus pour l’établissement et la coupure de courants inductifs. Elle est applicable aux appareils de connexion (y compris les disjoncteurs conformément à l’IEC 62271‑100) qui sont utilisés pour l’établissement et la coupure de courants de moteurs à haute tension et de courants de bobines d'inductance shunt, ainsi qu’aux contacteurs à haute tension utilisés pour l’établissement et la coupure de courants de moteurs à haute tension, comme cela est couvert par l’IEC 62271-106. Cette cinquième édition annule et remplace la quatrième édition parue en 2017. Cette édition constitue une révision technique. Cette édition inclut les modifications techniques majeures suivantes par rapport à l'édition précédente: les références à l’IEC 62271-100 et à l’IEC 62271-106 ont été mises à jour en fonction des dernières éditions.
Visokonapetostne stikalne in krmilne naprave - 110. del: Preklapljanje induktivnega bremena (IEC 62271-110:2023)
Ta del standarda IEC 62271 se uporablja za izmenične stikalne naprave za notranjo in zunanjo namestitev, ki delujejo na frekvencah 50 Hz in 60 Hz v sistemih z napetostjo, višjo od 1000 V, ki se uporabljajo za preklapljanje induktivnega toka. Uporablja se za stikalne naprave (vključno z odklopniki v skladu s standardom IEC 62271-100), ki se uporabljajo za preklapljanje visokonapetostnih motornih tokov in soupornih reakcijskih tokov ter tudi za visokonapetostne kontaktorje, ki se uporabljajo za preklapljanje visokonapetostnih motornih tokov, kot je določeno v standardu IEC 62271-106.
Preklapljanje nenapetih transformatorjev, tj. prekinjanje magnetnega toka transformatorja, v tem dokumentu ni obravnavano. Razlogi za to so naslednji:
a) zaradi nelinearnosti transformatorskega jedra v preskusnem laboratoriju z linearnimi sestavnimi deli ni mogoče pravilno modelirati preklapljanje magnetnega toka transformatorja.
Preskusi z razpoložljivim transformatorjem, npr. preskusnim transformatorjem, veljajo samo za preskušeni transformator in ne morejo biti reprezentativni za druge transformatorje; b) kot je opredeljeno v standardu IEC TR 62271-306, so lastnosti te obremenitve običajno manj stroge kot druge obremenitve preklapljanja induktivnega toka. Takšna obremenitev lahko povzroči resne prenapetosti v navitju transformatorja, kar je odvisno od lastnosti ponovnega vžiga stikalne naprave in resonančnih frekvenc navitja transformatorja.
OPOMBA 1: Ta dokument ne pokriva preklapljanja terciarnih reaktorjev z visokonapetostne strani transformatorja.
OPOMBA 2: Ta dokument ne pokriva preklapljanja soupornih reaktorjev, ozemljenih prek nevtralnih reaktorjev. Vendar pa je uporaba rezultatov preskusa skladno s tem dokumentom, glede preklapljanja reaktorjev, ozemljenih prek nevtralnih reaktorjev (4-delna reaktorska shema), obravnavana v standardu IEC TR 62271-306.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN IEC 62271-110:2023
01-junij-2023
Visokonapetostne stikalne in krmilne naprave - 110. del: Preklapljanje
induktivnega bremena (IEC 62271-110:2023)
High-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 110: Inductive load switching (IEC 62271-
110:2023)
Hochspannungs-Schaltgeräte und -Schaltanlagen - Teil 110: Schalten induktiver Lasten
(IEC 62271-110:2023)
Appareillage à haute tension - Partie 110: Manuvre de charges inductives (IEC 62271-
110:2023)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN IEC 62271-110:2023
ICS:
29.130.10 Visokonapetostne stikalne in High voltage switchgear and
krmilne naprave controlgear
SIST EN IEC 62271-110:2023 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN IEC 62271-110:2023
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SIST EN IEC 62271-110:2023
EUROPEAN STANDARD EN IEC 62271-110
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM April 2023
ICS 29.130.10 Supersedes EN IEC 62271-110:2018;
EN IEC 62271-110:2018/AC:2018-03
English Version
High-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 110: Inductive
load switching
(IEC 62271-110:2023)
Appareillage à haute tension - Partie 110: Manœuvre de Hochspannungs-Schaltgeräte und -Schaltanlagen - Teil
charges inductives 110: Schalten induktiver Lasten
(IEC 62271-110:2023) (IEC 62271-110:2023)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2023-04-20. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC
Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Türkiye and the United Kingdom.
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2023 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
Ref. No. EN IEC 62271-110:2023 E
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SIST EN IEC 62271-110:2023
EN IEC 62271-110:2023 (E)
European foreword
The text of document 17A/1368/FDIS, future edition 5 of IEC 62271-110, prepared by SC 17A
"Switching devices" of IEC/TC 17 "High-voltage switchgear and controlgear" was submitted to the IEC-
CENELEC parallel vote and approved by CENELEC as EN IEC 62271-110:2023.
The following dates are fixed:
• latest date by which the document has to be implemented at national (dop) 2024-01-20
level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement
• latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the (dow) 2026-04-20
document have to be withdrawn
This document supersedes EN IEC 62271-110:2018 and all of its amendments and corrigenda (if
any).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national committee. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CENELEC website.
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 62271-110:2023 was approved by CENELEC as a
European Standard without any modification.
2
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SIST EN IEC 62271-110:2023
EN IEC 62271-110:2023 (E)
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments)
applies.
NOTE 1 Where an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the
relevant EN/HD applies.
NOTE 2 Up-to-date information on the latest versions of the European Standards listed in this annex is available
here: www.cencenelec.eu.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
IEC 60050-441 - International Electrotechnical Vocabulary - -
(IEV) – Part 441: Switchgear, controlgear
and fuses
IEC 62271-1 2017 High-voltage switchgear and controlgear - EN 62271-1 2017
Part 1: Common specifications for
alternating current switchgear and
controlgear
+ AMD1 2021 + A1 2021
IEC 62271-100 2021 High-voltage switchgear and controlgear - EN IEC 62271-100 2021
Part 100: Alternating-current circuit-
breakers
IEC 62271-106 2021 High-voltage switchgear and controlgear - EN IEC 62271-106 2021
Part 106: Alternating current contactors,
contactor-based controllers and motor-
starters
3
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SIST EN IEC 62271-110:2023
IEC 62271-110
®
Edition 5.0 2023-03
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
High-voltage switchgear and controlgear –
Part 110: Inductive load switching
Appareillage à haute tension –
Partie 110: Manœuvre de charges inductives
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 29.130.10 ISBN 978-2-8322-6649-6
Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor.
Attention! Veuillez vous assurer que vous avez obtenu cette publication via un distributeur agréé.
® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
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SIST EN IEC 62271-110:2023
– 2 – IEC 62271-110:2023 © IEC 2023
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 7
4 Type tests . 8
4.1 General . 8
4.2 Miscellaneous provisions for inductive load switching tests . 8
4.3 High-voltage motor current switching tests . 9
4.3.1 Applicability . 9
4.3.2 General . 9
4.3.3 Characteristics of the supply circuits . 10
4.3.4 Characteristics of the load circuit . 11
4.3.5 Test voltage . 11
4.3.6 Test-duties . 12
4.3.7 Test measurements . 12
4.3.8 Behaviour and condition of switching device . 12
4.3.9 Test report . 13
4.4 Shunt reactor current switching tests . 14
4.4.1 Applicability . 14
4.4.2 General . 15
4.4.3 Test circuits . 15
4.4.4 Characteristics of the supply circuit . 18
4.4.5 Characteristics of the connecting leads . 18
4.4.6 Characteristics of the load circuits . 18
4.4.7 Earthing of the test circuit . 23
4.4.8 Test voltage . 23
4.4.9 Test-duties . 23
Annex A (normative) Calculation of t values . 27
3
Bibliography . 29
Figure 1 – Motor switching test circuit and summary of parameters . 10
Figure 2 – Illustration of voltage transients at interruption of inductive current for first
phase clearing in a three-phase non-effectively earthed circuit . 14
Figure 3 – Reactor switching test circuit – Three-phase test circuit for in-service load
circuit configurations 1 and 2 (Table 2) . 16
Figure 4 – Reactor switching test circuit – Single-phase test circuit for in-service load
circuit configurations 1, 2 and 4 (Table 2) . 17
Figure 5 – Reactor switching test circuit – Three-phase test circuit for in-service load
circuit configuration 3 (Table 2) . 18
Figure 6 – Illustration of voltage transients at interruption of inductive current for a
single-phase test . 26
Table 1 – Test-duties at motor current switching tests . 12
Table 2 – In-service load circuit configurations . 15
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IEC 62271-110:2023 © IEC 2023 – 3 –
Table 3 – Values of prospective transient recovery voltages – Rated voltages 12 kV to
170 kV for effectively and non-effectively earthed systems – Switching shunt reactors
with isolated neutrals (Table 2: In-service load circuit configuration 1) . 19
Table 4 – Values of prospective transient recovery voltages – Rated voltages 100 kV to
1 200 kV for effectively earthed systems – Switching shunt reactors with earthed
neutrals (See Table 2: In-service load circuit configuration 2) . 20
Table 5 – Values of prospective transient recovery voltages – Rated voltages 12 kV to
52 kV for effectively and non-effectively earthed systems – Switching shunt reactors
with isolated neutrals (see Table 2: In-service load circuit configuration 3) . 21
Table 6 – Values of prospective transient recovery voltages – Rated voltages 12 kV to
52 kV for effectively and non-effectively earthed systems – Switching shunt reactors
with earthed neutrals (see Table 2: In-service load circuit configuration 4) . 22
Table 7 – Load circuit 1 test currents . 22
Table 8 – Load circuit 2 test currents . 23
Table 9 – Test-duties for reactor current switching tests . 24
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INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
HIGH-VOLTAGE SWITCHGEAR AND CONTROLGEAR –
Part 110: Inductive load switching
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and
in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports,
Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their
preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with
may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising
with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between
any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent
rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
IEC 62271-110 has been prepared by subcommittee 17A: Switching devices, of IEC technical
committee 17: High-voltage switchgear and controlgear. It is an International Standard.
This fifth edition cancels and replaces the fourth edition published in 2017. This edition
constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
a) references to IEC 62271-100 and IEC 62271-106 have been updated to the latest editions.
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SIST EN IEC 62271-110:2023
IEC 62271-110:2023 © IEC 2023 – 5 –
The text of this document is based on the following documents:
Draft Report on voting
17A/1368/FDIS 17A/1376/RVD
Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in
the above table.
The language used for the development of this International Standard is English.
This document was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, and developed in
accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1 and ISO/IEC Directives, IEC Supplement, available
at www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs. The main document types developed by IEC are
described in greater detail at www.iec.ch/publications.
A list of all parts of the IEC 62271 series can be found, under the general title High-voltage
switchgear and controlgear, on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under webstore.iec.ch in the data related to the
specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
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HIGH-VOLTAGE SWITCHGEAR AND CONTROLGEAR –
Part 110: Inductive load switching
1 Scope
This part of IEC 62271 is applicable to AC switching devices designed for indoor or outdoor
installation, for operation at frequencies of 50 Hz and 60 Hz on systems having voltages above
1 000 V and applied for inductive current switching. It is applicable to switching devices
(including circuit-breakers in accordance with IEC 62271-100) that are used to switch
high-voltage motor currents and shunt reactor currents and also to high-voltage contactors used
to switch high-voltage motor currents as covered by IEC 62271-106.
Switching unloaded transformers, i.e. breaking transformer magnetizing current, is not
considered in this document. The reasons for this are as follows:
a) Owing to the non-linearity of the transformer core, it is not possible to correctly model the
switching of transformer magnetizing current using linear components in a test laboratory.
Tests conducted using an available transformer, such as a test transformer, will only be
valid for the transformer tested and cannot be representative for other transformers.
b) As detailed in IEC TR 62271-306, the characteristics of this duty are usually less severe
than any other inductive current switching duty. Such a duty can produce severe
overvoltages within the transformer winding(s) depending on the re-ignition behaviour of the
switching device and transformer winding resonance frequencies.
NOTE 1 The switching of tertiary reactors from the high-voltage side of the transformer is not covered by this
document.
NOTE 2 The switching of shunt reactors earthed through neutral reactors is not covered by this document. However,
the application of test results according to this document, on the switching of neutral reactor earthed reactors (4-leg
reactor scheme), is discussed in IEC TR 62271-306.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies.
For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC 60050-441, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Part 441: Switchgear,
controlgear and fuses, available at www.electropedia.org
IEC 62271-1:2017, High-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 1: Common specifications
for alternating current switchgear and controlgear
IEC 62271-1:2017/AMD1:2021
IEC 62271-100:2021, High-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 100: Alternating-current
circuit-breakers
IEC 62271-106:2021, High-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 106: Alternating current
contactors, contactor-based controllers and motor-starters
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IEC 62271-110:2023 © IEC 2023 – 7 –
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 60050-441,
IEC 62271-1 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
inductive current
power-frequency current drawn by an inductive circuit having a power factor 0,5 or less
3.2
current chopping
abrupt current interruption in a switching device at a point-on-wave other than the natural
power-frequency current zero
3.3
virtual current chopping
current chopping in one of the three phases in a three-phase circuit originated by transients in
another phase of the circuit
3.4
suppression peak
first peak of the transient voltage to earth on the load side of the switching device following
current interruption
Note 1 to entry: Suppression peak is not necessarily the absolute maximum of the transient recovery voltage.
Previous breakdowns can have appeared at higher voltage values.
3.5
recovery peak
maximum value of the voltage across the switching device occurring when the polarity of the
recovery voltage is equal to the polarity of the power-frequency voltage
Note 1 to entry: Recovery peak is not necessarily the absolute maximum of the transient recovery voltage. Previous
breakdowns can have appeared at higher voltage values.
3.6
re-ignition
resumption of current between the contacts of a mechanical switching device during a breaking
operation with an interval of zero current of less than a quarter cycle of power frequency
Note 1 to entry: In the case of inductive load switching the initiation of the re-ignition is a high-frequency event,
which can be of a single or multiple nature and can in some cases be interrupted without power-frequency follow
current.
3.7
re-ignition-free arcing time window
period of arc duration during a breaking operation during which the contacts of a mechanical
switching device reach sufficient distance to exclude re-ignition
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4 Type tests
4.1 General
Circuit-breakers according to IEC 62271-100 and contactors according to IEC 62271-106 do
not have dedicated inductive load switching ratings. However, switching devices applied for this
purpose shall meet the requirements of this document.
For shunt reactor switching test of circuit-breakers, the rated insulation level values stated in
Tables 1, 2, 3 and 4 of IEC 62271-1:2017 are applicable with the exception of combined voltage
tests across the isolating distance (columns (6) and (8) in Table 3 and column (5) in Table 4 of
IEC 62271-1:2017).
The type tests are in addition to those specified in the relevant product standard, with the
exception of short-line faults, out-of-phase switching and capacitive current switching.
NOTE 1 The reason for this exception is the source-less nature of the shunt reactor load circuit.
NOTE 2 In some cases (high chopping overvoltage levels, or where a neutral reactor is present or in cases of shunt
reactors with isolated neutral), an appropriate insulation level that is higher than the rated values stated above can
be necessary.
Inductive load switching tests performed for a given current level and type of application can
be considered valid for another current rating and same type of application as detailed below:
a) for shunt reactor switching at rated voltages of 52 kV and above, tests at a particular current
level shall be considered valid for applications with a higher current level up to 150 % of the
tested current value;
b) for shunt reactor switching at rated voltages below 52 kV, type testing is required;
c) for high-voltage motor switching, type testing for stalled motor currents at 100 A and 300 A
is considered to cover stalled motor currents in the range 100 A to 300 A and up to the
current associated with the short-circuit current of test-duty T10 according to 7.107.2 of
IEC 62271-100:2021 for circuit-breakers and up to the rated operational current for
contactors.
With respect to a) the purpose of type testing is also to determine a re-ignition-free arcing time
window for controlled switching purposes (see IEC TR 62271-302) and caution should be
exercised when considering applications at higher currents than the tested values since the re-
ignition-free arcing window can increase at higher current.
Annex B of IEC 62271-100:2021 can be used with respect to tolerances on test quantities.
4.2 Miscellaneous provisions for inductive load switching tests
Subclause 7.102 of IEC 62271-100:2021 is applicable with the following addition:
High-voltage motor current and shunt reactor switching tests shall be performed at rated
auxiliary and control voltage or, where necessary, at maximum auxiliary and control voltage to
facilitate consistent control of the opening and closing operation according to 7.102.3.1 of
IEC 62271-100:2021.
For gas filled switching devices (including vacuum switching devices using gaseous media for
insulation), tests shall be performed at the rated functional pressure for interruption and
insulation, except for test-duty 4, where the pressure shall be the minimum functional pressure
for interruption and insulation.
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4.3 High-voltage motor current switching tests
4.3.1 Applicability
Subclause 4.3 is applicable to three-phase alternating current switching devices having rated
voltages above 1 kV and up to 17,5 kV, which are used for switching high-voltage motors. Tests
can be carried out at 50 Hz with a relative tolerance of ±10 % or 60 Hz with a relative tolerance
of ±10 %, both frequencies being considered equivalent.
Motor switching tests are applicable to all three-pole switching devices having rated voltages
equal to or less than 17,5 kV, which can be used for the switching of three-phase asynchronous
squirrel-cage or slip-ring motors. The switching device can be of a higher rated voltage than
the motor when connected to the motor through a stepdown transformer. However, the usual
application is a direct cable connection between switching device and motor. When tests are
required, they shall be made in accordance with 4.3.2 to 4.3.9.
When overvoltage limitation devices are mandatory for the tested equipment, the voltage
limiting devices can be included in the test circuit provided that the devices are an intrinsic part
of the equipment under test.
No limits to the overvoltages are given as the overvoltages are only relevant to the specific
application. Overvoltages between phases can be as significant as phase-to-earth overvoltages.
4.3.2 General
The switching tests can be either field tests or laboratory tests. As regards overvoltages, the
switching of the current of a starting or stalled motor is usually the more severe operation.
Due to the non-linear behaviour of the motor iron core, it is not possible to exactly model the
switching of motor current using linear components in a test station. Tests using linear
components to simulate the motors can be considered to be more conservative than switching
actual motors.
For laboratory tests a standardized circuit simulating the stalled condition of a motor is specified
(refer to Figure 1). The parameters of this test circuit have been chosen to represent a relatively
severe case with respect to overvoltages and will cover the majority of service applications.
The laboratory tests are performed to prove the ability of a switching device to switch motors
and to establish its behaviour with respect to switching overvoltages, re-ignitions and current
chopping. These characteristics can serve as a basis for estimates of the switching device’s
performance in other motor circuits. Tests performed with the test currents defined in 4.3.3 and
4.3.4 demonstrate the capabi
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN IEC 62271-110:2022
01-oktober-2022
Visokonapetostne stikalne in krmilne naprave - 110. del: Preklapljanje
induktivnega bremena
High-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 110: Inductive load switching
Hochspannungs-Schaltgeräte und -Schaltanlagen - Teil 110: Schalten induktiver Lasten
Appareillage à haute tension - Partie 110: Manuvre de charges inductives
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN IEC 62271-110:2022
ICS:
29.130.10 Visokonapetostne stikalne in High voltage switchgear and
krmilne naprave controlgear
oSIST prEN IEC 62271-110:2022 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN IEC 62271-110:2022
17A/1354/CDV
COMMITTEE DRAFT FOR VOTE (CDV)
PROJECT NUMBER:
IEC 62271-110 ED5
DATE OF CIRCULATION: CLOSING DATE FOR VOTING:
2022-08-19 2022-11-11
SUPERSEDES DOCUMENTS:
17A/1345/CD, 17A/1353/CC
IEC SC 17A : SWITCHING DEVICES
SECRETARIAT: SECRETARY:
Sweden Mr Anne Bosma
OF INTEREST TO THE FOLLOWING COMMITTEES: PROPOSED HORIZONTAL STANDARD:
Other TC/SCs are requested to indicate their interest, if
any, in this CDV to the secretary.
FUNCTIONS CONCERNED:
EMC ENVIRONMENT QUALITY ASSURANCE SAFETY
SUBMITTED FOR CENELEC PARALLEL VOTING NOT SUBMITTED FOR CENELEC PARALLEL VOTING
Attention IEC-CENELEC parallel voting
The attention of IEC National Committees, members of
CENELEC, is drawn to the fact that this Committee Draft
for Vote (CDV) is submitted for parallel voting.
The CENELEC members are invited to vote through the
CENELEC online voting system.
This document is still under study and subject to change. It should not be used for reference purposes.
Recipients of this document are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of
which they are aware and to provide supporting documentation.
TITLE:
High-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 110: Inductive load switching
PROPOSED STABILITY DATE: 2030
NOTE FROM TC/SC OFFICERS:
Copyright © 2022 International Electrotechnical Commission, IEC. All rights reserved. It is permitted to
download this electronic file, to make a copy and to print out the content for the sole purpose of preparing National
Committee positions. You may not copy or "mirror" the file or printed version of the document, or any part of it, for
any other purpose without permission in writing from IEC.
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IEC CDV 62271-110 © IEC 2022 2 17A/1354/CDV
1 CONTENTS
2 FOREWORD . 4
3 1 Scope . 6
4 2 Normative references . 6
5 3 Terms and definitions . 7
6 4 Type tests . 8
7 4.1 General . 8
8 4.2 Miscellaneous provisions for inductive load switching tests . 8
9 4.3 High-voltage motor current switching tests . 9
10 4.3.1 Applicability . 9
11 4.3.2 General . 9
12 4.3.3 Characteristics of the supply circuits . 10
13 4.3.4 Characteristics of the load circuit . 11
14 4.3.5 Test voltage . 11
15 4.3.6 Test-duties . 12
16 4.3.7 Test measurements . 12
17 4.3.8 Behaviour and condition of switching device . 12
18 4.3.9 Test report . 13
19 4.4 Shunt reactor current switching tests . 14
20 4.4.1 Applicability . 14
21 4.4.2 General . 15
22 4.4.3 Test circuits . 15
23 4.4.4 Characteristics of the supply circuit . 18
24 4.4.5 Characteristics of the connecting leads . 18
25 4.4.6 Characteristics of the load circuits . 18
26 4.4.7 Earthing of the test circuit . 23
27 4.4.8 Test voltage . 23
28 4.4.9 Test-duties . 23
29 Annex A (normative) Calculation of t values . 27
3
30 Bibliography . 29
31
32 Figure 1 – Motor switching test circuit and summary of parameters . 10
33 Figure 2 – Illustration of voltage transients at interruption of inductive current for first
34 phase clearing in a three-phase non-effectively earthed circuit . 14
35 Figure 3 – Reactor switching test circuit – Three-phase test circuit for in-service load
36 circuit configurations 1 and 2 (Table 2) . 16
37 Figure 4 – Reactor switching test circuit – Single-phase test circuit for in-service load
38 circuit configurations 1, 2 and 4 (Table 2) . 17
39 Figure 5 – Reactor switching test circuit − Three-phase test circuit for in-service load
40 circuit configuration 3 (Table 2) . 18
41 Figure 6 – Illustration of voltage transients at interruption of inductive current for a
42 single-phase test . 26
43
44 Table 1 – Test-duties at motor current switching tests . 12
45 Table 2 – In-service load circuit configurations . 15
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46 Table 3 –Values of prospective transient recovery voltages – Rated voltages 12 kV to
47 170 kV for effectively and non-effectively earthed systems – Switching shunt reactors
48 with isolated neutrals (Table 2: In-service load circuit configuration 1) . 19
49 Table 4 – Values of prospective transient recovery voltages – Rated voltages 100 kV to
50 1 200 kV for effectively earthed systems – Switching shunt reactors with earthed
51 neutrals (See Table 2: In-service load circuit configuration 2) . 20
52 Table 5 – Values of prospective transient recovery voltages – Rated voltages 12 kV to
53 52 kV for effectively and non-effectively earthed systems – Switching shunt reactors
54 with isolated neutrals (See Table 2: In-service load circuit configuration 3) . 21
55 Table 6 – Values of prospective transient recovery voltages – Rated voltages 12 kV to
56 52 kV for effectively and non-effectively earthed systems – Switching shunt reactors
57 with earthed neutrals (See Table 2: In-service load circuit configuration 4) . 22
58 Table 7 – Load circuit 1 test currents . 22
59 Table 8 – Load circuit 2 test currents . 23
60 Table 9 – Test-duties for reactor current switching tests . 24
61
62
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63 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
64 ____________
65
66 HIGH-VOLTAGE SWITCHGEAR AND CONTROLGEAR –
67
68 Part 110: Inductive load switching
69
70 FOREWORD
71 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
72 all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote interna tional
73 co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and
74 in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports,
75 Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their
76 preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with
77 may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising
78 with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for
79 Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement betw een the two organizations.
80 2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
81 consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
82 interested IEC National Committees.
83 3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
84 Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
85 Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
86 misinterpretation by any end user.
87 4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
88 transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between
89 any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter.
90 5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
91 assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
92 services carried out by independent certification bodies.
93 6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
94 7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
95 members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal i njury, property damage or
96 other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
97 expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
98 Publications.
99 8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
100 indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
101 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent
102 rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
103 International Standard IEC 62271-110 has been prepared by subcommittee 17A: Switching
104 devices, of IEC technical committee 17: High-voltage switchgear and controlgear.
105 This fifth edition cancels and replaces the fourth edition published in 2017 and constitutes an
106 editorial revision.
107 This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
108 edition:
109 – references to IEC 62271-100 and IEC 62271-106 have been updated to the latest editions.
110 The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
17A/xxx/FDIS 17A/xxx/RVD
111
112 Full information on the voting for the approval of this International Standard can be found in the
113 report on voting indicated in the above table.
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114 This document has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
115 A list of all parts of the IEC 62271 series can be found, under the general title High-voltage
116 switchgear and controlgear, on the IEC website.
117 The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
118 stability date indicated on the IEC website under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to
119 the specific document. At this date, the document will be
120 • reconfirmed,
121 • withdrawn,
122 • replaced by a revised edition, or
123 • amended.
124
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125 HIGH-VOLTAGE SWITCHGEAR AND CONTROLGEAR –
126
127 Part 110: Inductive load switching
128
129
130
131 1 Scope
132 This part of IEC 62271 is applicable to AC switching devices designed for indoor or outdoor
133 installation, for operation at frequencies of 50 Hz and 60 Hz on systems having voltages above
134 1 000 V and applied for inductive current switching. It is applicable to switching devices
135 (including circuit-breakers in accordance with IEC 62271-100) that are used to switch
136 high-voltage motor currents and shunt reactor currents and also to high-voltage contactors used
137 to switch high-voltage motor currents as covered by IEC 62271-106.
138 Switching unloaded transformers, i.e. breaking transformer magnetizing current, is not
139 considered in this document. The reasons for this are as follows:
140 a) Owing to the non-linearity of the transformer core, it is not possible to correctly model t he
141 switching of transformer magnetizing current using linear components in a test laboratory.
142 Tests conducted using an available transformer, such as a test transformer, will only be
143 valid for the transformer tested and cannot be representative for other transformers.
144 b) As detailed in IEC TR 62271-306, the characteristics of this duty are usually less severe
145 than any other inductive current switching duty. Such a duty may produce severe
146 overvoltages within the transformer winding(s) depending on the re-ignition behaviour of the
147 switching device and transformer winding resonance frequencies.
148 NOTE 1 The switching of tertiary reactors from the high-voltage side of the transformer is not covered by this
149 document.
150 NOTE 2 The switching of shunt reactors earthed through neutral reactors is not covered by this document. However,
151 the application of test results according to this document, on the switching of neutral reactor earthed reactors (4-leg
152 reactor scheme), is discussed in IEC TR 62271-306.
153 2 Normative references
154 The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
155 constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies.
156 For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
157 amendments) applies.
158 IEC 60050-441:1984, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary – Chapter 441: Switchgear,
159 controlgear and fuses (available at www.electropedia.org)
160 IEC 60050-441:1984/AMD1:2000
161 IEC 62271-1:2017, High-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 1: Common specifications
162 for alternating current switchgear and controlgear
163 IEC 62271-1:2017/AMD1:2021
164 IEC 62271-100:2021, High-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 100: Alternating current
165 circuit-breakers
166 IEC 62271-106:2021, High-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 106: Alternating current
167 contactors, contactor-based controllers and motor-starters
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168 3 Terms and definitions
169 For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 60050-441,
170 IEC 62271-1 and the following apply.
171 ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
172 addresses:
173 • IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
174 • ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
175 3.1
176 inductive current
177 power-frequency current drawn by an inductive circuit having a power factor 0,5 or less
178 3.2
179 current chopping
180 abrupt current interruption in a switching device at a point-on-wave other than the natural
181 power-frequency current zero
182 3.3
183 virtual current chopping
184 current chopping in one of the three phases in a three-phase circuit originated by transients in
185 another phase of the circuit
186 3.4
187 suppression peak
188 first peak of the transient voltage to earth on the load side of the switching device following
189 current interruption
190 Note 1 to entry: Suppression peak is not necessarily the absolute maximum of the transient recovery voltage.
191 Previous breakdowns may have appeared at higher voltage values.
192 3.5
193 recovery peak
194 maximum value of the voltage across the switching device occurring when the polarity of the
195 recovery voltage is equal to the polarity of the power-frequency voltage
196 Note 1 to entry: Recovery peak is not necessarily the absolute maximum of the transient recovery voltage. Previous
197 breakdowns may have appeared at higher voltage values.
198 3.6
199 re-ignition
200 resumption of current between the contacts of a mechanical switching device during a breaking
201 operation with an interval of zero current of less than a quarter cycle of power frequency
202 Note 1 to entry: In the case of inductive load switching the initiation of the re-ignition is a high-frequency event,
203 which can be of a single or multiple nature and may in some cases be interrupted without power -frequency follow
204 current.
205 3.7
206 re-ignition-free arcing time window
207 period of arc duration during a breaking operation during which the contacts of a mechanical
208 switching device reach sufficient distance to exclude re-ignition
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209 4 Type tests
210 4.1 General
211 Circuit-breakers according to IEC 62271-100 and contactors according to IEC 62271-106 do
212 not have dedicated inductive switching ratings. However, switching devices applied for this
213 purpose shall meet the requirements of this document.
214 For shunt reactor switching test of circuit-breakers, the rated insulation level values stated in
215 Tables 1, 2, 3 and 4 of IEC 62271-1:2017 are applicable with the exception of combined voltage
216 tests across the isolating distance (columns (6) and (8) in Table 3 and column (5) in Table 4).
217 The type tests are in addition to those specified in the relevant product standard, with the
218 exception of short-line faults, out-of-phase switching and capacitive current switching.
219 NOTE 1 The reason for this exception is the source-less nature of the shunt reactor load circuit.
220 NOTE 2 In some cases (high chopping overvoltage levels, or where a neutral reactor is present or in cases of shunt
221 reactors with isolated neutral), it can be necessary to specify an appropriate insulation level which is higher than the
222 rated values stated above.
223 Inductive current switching tests performed for a given current level and type of application may
224 be considered valid for another current rating and same type of application as detailed below:
225 a) for shunt reactor switching at rated voltages of 52 kV and above, tests at a particular current
226 level are to be considered valid for applications with a higher current level up to 150 % of
227 the tested current value;
228 b) for shunt reactor switching at rated voltages below 52 kV, type testing is required;
229 c) for high-voltage motor switching, type testing for stalled motor currents at 100 A and 300 A
230 is considered to cover stalled motor currents in the range 100 A to 300 A and up to the
231 current associated with the short-circuit current of test-duty T10 according to 7.107.2 of
232 IEC 62271-100:2021 for circuit-breakers and up to the rated operational current for
233 contactors.
234 With respect to a) the purpose of type testing is also to determine a re-ignition-free arcing time
235 window for controlled switching purposes (refer to IEC TR 62271-302) and caution should be
236 exercised when considering applications at higher currents than the tested values since the re-
237 ignition-free arcing window can increase at higher current.
238 Annex B of IEC 62271-100:2021 can be used with respect to tolerances on test quantities.
239 4.2 Miscellaneous provisions for inductive load switching tests
240 Subclause 7.102 of IEC 62271-100:2021 is applicable with the following addition:
241 High-voltage motor current and shunt reactor switching tests shall be performed at rated
242 auxiliary and control voltage or, where necessary, at maximum auxiliary and control voltage to
243 facilitate consistent control of the opening and closing operation according to 7.102.3.1 of
244 IEC 62271-100:2021.
245 For gas filled switching devices (including vacuum switching devices using gaseous media for
246 insulation), tests shall be performed at the rated functional pressure for interruption and
247 insulation, except for test-duty 4, where the pressure shall be the minimum functional pressure
248 for interruption and insulation.
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249 4.3 High-voltage motor current switching tests
250 4.3.1 Applicability
251 Subclause 4.3 is applicable to three-phase alternating current switching devices having rated
252 voltages above 1 kV and up to 17,5 kV, which are used for switching high-voltage motors. Tests
253 may be carried out at 50 Hz with a relative tolerance of 10 % or 60 Hz with a relative tolerance
254 of 10 %, both frequencies being considered equivalent.
255 Motor switching tests are applicable to all three-pole switching devices having rated voltages
256 equal to or less than 17,5 kV, which may be used for the switching of three-phase asynchronous
257 squirrel-cage or slip-ring motors. The switching device may be of a higher rated voltage than
258 the motor when connected to the motor through a stepdown transformer. However, the usual
259 application is a direct cable connection between switching device and motor. When tests are
260 required, they shall be made in accordance with 4.3.2 to 4.3.9.
261 When overvoltage limitation devices are mandatory for the tested equipment, the voltage
262 limiting devices may be included in the test circuit provided that the devices are an intrinsic part
263 of the equipment under test.
264 No limits to the overvoltages are given as the overvoltages are only relevant to the specific
265 application. Overvoltages between phases may be as significant as phase-to-earth
266 overvoltages.
267 4.3.2 General
268 The switching tests can be either field tests or laboratory tests. As regards overvoltages, the
269 switching of the current of a starting or stalled motor is usually the more severe operation.
270 Due to the non-linear behaviour of the motor iron core, it is not possible to exactly model the
271 switching of motor current using linear components in a test station. Tests using linear
272 components to simulate the motors can be considered to be more conservative than switching
273 actual motors.
274 For laboratory tests a standardized circuit simulating the stalled condition of a motor is specified
275 (refer to Figure 1). The parameters of this test circuit have been chosen to represent a relatively
276 severe case with respect to overvoltages and will cover the majority of service applications.
277 The laboratory tests are performed to prove the ability of a switching device to switch motors
278 and to establish its behaviour with respect to switching overvoltages , re-ignitions and current
279 chopping. These characteristics may serve as a basis for estimates of the switching device’s
280 performance in other motor circuits. Tests performed with the test currents defined in 4.3.3 and
281 4.3.4 demonstrate the capability of the switching device to switch high-voltage motors up to its
282 rated interrupting current.
283 For field tests, actual circuits are used with a supply system on the source side and a cable and
284 motor on the load side. There may be a transformer between the switching device and motor.
285 However, the results of such field tests are only valid for switching devices working in circuits
286 similar to those during the tests.
287 The apparatus under test includes the switching device with overvoltage protection devices if
288 they are normally fitted.
289 NOTE 1 Overvoltages can be produced when switching running motors. This condition is not represented by the
290 substitute circuit and is generally considered to be less severe than the stalled motor case.
291 NOTE 2 The starting period switching of a slip-ring motor is generally less severe due to the effect of the starting
292 resistor.
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Switchgear
Motor substitute
Source U under test
Bus representation Cable
r
L L R
s
L
b2
L
b1 R
p
Z
e
C
C
s p
IEC
293
Key
U rated voltage
r
Z
earthing impedance impedance high enough to limit the phase-to-earth
e
fault current to less than the test current (can be
infinite)
L source side inductance
L 0,1 L, but prospective short-circuit current
s
s
the rated short-circuit current of the tested switching
device
C supply side capacitance 0,03 µF to 0,05 µF for supply circuit A
s
1,5 µF to 2 µF for supply circuit B
L inductance of capacitors and
2 µH
b1
connections
Bus representation 5 m to 7 m in length spaced appropriate to the rated
voltage
L inductance of connections
5 µH
b2
Cable 100 m 10 m, screened, surge impedance 30 to
50
L motor substitute inductance
load circuit 1: 100 A 10 A
load circuit 2: 300 A 30 A
R motor substitute resistance
cos φ 0,2
C motor substitute parallel frequency 10 kHz to 15 kHz
p
capacitance
R motor substitute parallel resistance amplitude factor 1,6 to 1,8
p
294
295 Figure 1 – Motor switching test circuit and summary of parameters
296 4.3.3 Characteristics of the supply circuits
297 4.3.3.1 General
298 A three-phase supply circuit shall be used. The tests shall be performed using two different
299 supply circuits A and B as specified in 4.3.3.2 and 4.3.3.3, respectively. Supply circuit A
300 represents the case of a motor connected directly to a transformer. Supply circuit B represents
301 the case where parallel cables are applied on the supply side.
302 4.3.3.2 Supply circuit A
303 The three-phase supply may be earthed through a high ohmic impedance so that the supply
304 voltage is defined with respect to earth. The impedance value shall be high enough to limit a
305 prospective line-to-earth fault current to a value below the test current.
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306 The source inductance L shall not be lower than that corresponding to the rated short-circuit
s
307 breaking current of the tested switching device. Its impedance shall also be not higher than
308 0,1 times the impedance of the inductance in the load circuit (see 4.3.4).
309 The su
...
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