SIST EN 15243:2007
Ventilation for buildings - Calculation of room temperatures and of load and energy for buildings with room conditioning systems
Ventilation for buildings - Calculation of room temperatures and of load and energy for buildings with room conditioning systems
The scope of this European Standard is
- To define the procedure how the calculation methods to determine the temperatures, sensible loads and energy demands for the rooms shall be used in the design process.
- To describe the calculation methods to determine the latent room cooling and heating load, the building heating, cooling, humidification and dehumidification loads and the system heating, cooling, humidification and dehumidification loads.
- To define the general approach for the calculation of the overall energy performance of buildings with room conditioning systems
- To describe one or more simplified calculation methods for the system energy requirements of specific system types, based on the building energy demand result from prEN ISO 13790, and to define their field of application.
A general framework standard is given which imposes an hourly calculation for all cases which cannot be covered by simplified methods, and gives requirements on what has to be taken into account. Input and output data are defined.
The target audience of this standard is twofold:
- Designers of HVAC systems, which are given an overview of the design process with the relevant references to the different involved standards (Clauses 5 to 12)
- Developers of regulations and tools, which find requirements for calculation procedures to be used for the energy requirements according to the EPBD (Clauses 13 and 14).
The idea followed by this standard is, that for the detailed approach one single calculation method is used for the different room related purposes such as room temperature calculation, room cooling and heating load calculation, and room energy calculation. This means, for the building type envisaged (buildings with room conditioning systems) it is an alternative to simplified calculation methods such as heating load according to EN 12831 and heating energy according to prEN ISO 13790.
Lüftung von Gebäuden - Berechnung der Raumtemperaturen und der Last und Energie für Gebäude mit Systemen zur Raumkonditionierung
Der Zweck dieser Europäischen Norm ist:
das Verfahren festzulegen, wie die Berechnungsverfahren zur Bestimmung der Temperaturen, der sensiblen Lasten und des Energiebedarfs der einzelnen Räume bei der Auslegung und Bemessung anzuwenden sind;
die Berechnungsverfahren zur Bestimmung der latenten Kühllasten und der Heizlasten des Raumes, der Heiz , Kühl Befeuchtungs und Entfeuchtungslasten des Gebäudes und der Heiz , Kühl , Befeuchtungs und Entfeuchtungslasten der Anlage zu beschreiben;
den allgemeinen Ansatz für die Berechnung der Gesamtenergieeffizienz von Gebäuden mit Raumklima¬anlagen festzulegen;
ein oder mehrere vereinfachte Verfahren für die Berechnung der Energieanforderungen verschiedener Anlagentypen zu beschreiben, die auf dem nach prEN ISO 13790 erhaltenen Ergebnis des Gebäudeenergiebedarfs beruhen, und ihren Anwendungsbereich festzulegen.
Hiermit wird eine allgemeine Rahmennorm zur Verfügung gestellt, die eine Stundenberechnung für alle Fälle fordert, in denen kein einfaches Verfahren angewendet werden kann, und die Anforderungen dazu angibt, welche Aspekte zu berücksichtigen sind. Es werden Eingangs und Ausgabewerte festgelegt.
Diese Norm wendet sich an zwei Zielgruppen:
Planer von RLT Anlagen, denen ein Überblick über den Auslegungsprozess zusammen mit den relevanten Verweisungen auf die verschiedenen damit in Zusammenhang stehenden Normen (Abschnitte 5 bis 12) gegeben wird;
Ersteller/Entwickler von Vorschriften und Werkzeugen, für die die Anforderungen an die bei der Berechnung des Energiebedarfs entsprechend der EPBD anzuwendenden Verfahren vorgestellt werden (Abschnitte 13 und 14).
Ventilation des bâtiments - Calculation des températures des locaux et des charges et énergies pour les bâtiments avec des systemes de conditionnement des locaux
Le domaine d’application de la présente Norme européenne est le suivant :
définir le mode opératoire d’utilisation des méthodes de calcul dans le processus de conception afin de déterminer les températures, les charges sensibles et les demandes énergétiques relatives aux pièces ;
décrire les méthodes de calcul permettant de déterminer les charges latentes de refroidissement et de chauffage des pièces, les charges de chauffage, refroidissement, humidification et déshumidification du bâtiment et les charges de chauffage, refroidissement, humidification et déshumidification du système ;
définir l’approche générale du calcul de la performance énergétique globale des bâtiments avec systèmes de climatisation ;
décrire une ou plusieurs méthodes de calcul simplifié concernant les besoins énergétiques des types de systèmes spécifiques, fondées sur le résultat de la demande énergétique du bâtiment spécifié dans le prEN ISO 13790, « Performances thermiques des bâtiments Calcul de l’utilisation de l’énergie pour le refroidissement et le chauffage des locaux », et définir leur champ d’application.
La présente norme établit un cadre général imposant un calcul horaire pour toutes les situations ne pouvant être traitées par le biais de méthodes simplifiées et fournissant des exigences concernant les éléments à prendre en compte. Elle définit des données d’entrée et de sortie.
Le public visé par la présente norme est double :
les concepteurs de systèmes de chauffage, ventilation et climatisation d'air (CVCA) à qui est donnée une vue d'ensemble du processus de conception avec les références pertinentes aux différentes normes impliquées (Articles 5 à 12) ;
les règlementeurs et les développeurs d'outils qui disposent des prescriptions sur les méthodes de calcul à utiliser pour les exigences énergétiques conformément à la DPEB (Articles 13 et 14).
Prezračevanje stavb – Izračun sobne temperature ter obremenitve in energije stavb s sobnim klimatizirnim sistemom
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Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Ventilation for buildings - Calculation of room temperatures and of load and energy for buildings with room conditioning systemsVentilation des bâtiments - Calculation des températures des locaux et des charges et énergies pour les bâtiments avec des systemes de conditionnement des locauxLüftung von Gebäuden - Berechnung der Raumtemperaturen und der Last und Energie für Gebäude mit Systemen zur RaumkonditionierungTa slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 15243:2007SIST EN 15243:2007en91.140.30VLVWHPLVentilation and air-conditioningICS:SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 15243:200701-november-2007
EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 15243August 2007ICS 91.140.30 English VersionVentilation for buildings - Calculation of room temperatures andof load and energy for buildings with room conditioning systemsSystèmes de ventilation des bâtiments - Calcul de latempérature des pièces, de la charge et de l'énergie pourles bâtiments équipés de système de climatisationLüftung von Gebäuden - Berechnung derRaumtemperaturen, der Last und Energie für Gebäudenmit KlimaanlagenThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 6 July 2007.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2007 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 15243:2007: E
EN 15243:2007 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword.6 Introduction.7 1 Scope.8 2 Normative references.9 3 Terms and definitions.10 4 Symbols and abbreviations.13 5 General approach.15 6 Room temperature calculation without room conditioning system.17 6.1 Choice of rooms.17 6.2 Calculation method.17 6.3 Boundary conditions.17 6.3.1 Climatic data.17 6.3.2 Internal loads.17 6.3.3 Window opening.17 6.3.4 Acceptable comfort conditions.17 7 Room cooling load calculation.17 7.1 Basic sensible room cooling load calculation.17 7.2 System dependent sensible room cooling load calculation.17 7.3 Latent room cooling load calculation.18 7.4 Boundary conditions.18 7.4.1 Definition of room conditions (temperature, humidity, tolerances).18 7.4.2 Climatic data.18 7.4.3 Internal loads.18 7.4.4 Ventilation rates.18 8 Room heating load calculation.18 8.1 Calculation procedure.18 8.2 Climatic data.18 8.3 Ventilation rates.18 9 Room based equipment sizing.19 10 Zone load calculation.19 11 System heating and cooling load calculation.19 12 Central system equipment sizing.19 13 Room and building energy calculation.19 13.1 General.19 13.2 Humidification and dehumidification energy demand.19 13.3 Relation to system energy calculation methods.20 14 System energy calculation.21 14.1 General approach.21 14.1.1 System structure and boundaries.21 14.1.2 Energy calculation structure.21 14.1.3 Calculation methods.24 14.1.4 HVAC System Overview.25 14.2 Required functionality of detailed and simplified calculation methods.27 14.2.1 General.27 14.2.2 General principles and reporting of procedure.27 14.2.3 Verification of building and HVAC system calculation methods.28
EN 15243:2007 (E) 3 14.2.4 Calculation procedures: Information in other standards.38 14.3 Simplified system losses and energy demand calculation methods.39 14.3.1 General remarks.39 14.3.2 Emission losses.39 14.3.3 Emission auxiliary energy demand calculation.40 14.3.4 Calculation of cold water distribution.40 14.3.5 Humidification and dehumidification energy demand.40 14.3.6 Cold generation and chiller energy performance.40 14.3.7 Example calculation procedures.40 14.4 Detailed system losses and energy demand calculation method.40 14.4.1 General remarks.40 14.4.2 Climatic data.40 Annex A (informative)
Best procedure for design process.41 Annex B (informative)
Proposed procedure for choice or typical rooms for temperature calculation.43 Annex C (informative)
System overview.44 Annex D (informative)
Schematic relationship between HVAC system energy procedure, building energy demand calculations, data and outputs.51 Annex E (informative)
Example simplified system losses and energy demand calculation methods.60 E.1 Example 1 (Dutch proposal).60 E.1.1 Emission losses.60 E.1.2 Distribution losses.60 E.1.3 Storage losses.64 E.1.4 Generation efficiency and energy consumption.64 E.1.5 HVAC system annual energy consumption.66 E.2 Example 2 (German proposal).67 E.2.1 Scope.67 E.2.2 Method.67 E.2.3 Application for the territory of federal republic of Germany.68 E.2.4 Specific guide values.73 E.2.5 Energy demand for air transport.79 E.2.6 Conversion and calculation of specific values.79 E.2.7 Example.83 E.3 Example 3: Monthly HVAC system cooling energy calculations using degree-day methods.85 E.3.1 Theory.85 E.3.2 Worked example.89 Annex F (informative)
EDR Verification of building and installation calculation methods.93 F.1 Introduction.93 F.1.1 General.93 F.1.2 Brief description of EDR.93 F.1.3 How to obtain the attest (quality certificate).95 F.1.4 Importance of EDR.96 F.1.5 Relations: EDR, CEN, ISO, IEA HVAC BESTEST etc.96 F.2 Method description.96 F.2.1 General.96 F.2.2 Functionality Matrix.97 F.2.3 Masks.98 F.2.4 Reference/Test cases.98 F.2.5 Results of reference cases should fall within certain ranges.98 F.2.6 Example of the Functionality Matrix.98 F.2.7 Example: Mask – generation of cold.102 F.3 EDR Calculation method for reference values.103 F.3.1 Introduction.103 F.3.2 Centre of the reference area.103 F.3.3 Structure of the reference area.103 F.3.4 Size of the reference area (bandwidth).103
EN 15243:2007 (E) 4 F.3.5 Examples.104 Annex G (informative)
Example values for emission losses.105 G.1 Zones including several groups.105 G.2 Control accuracy.106 Annex H (informative)
Calculation of latent energy demand.107 H.1 Presentation.107 H.2 Application for hourly calculation.108 Annex I (informative)
Example Calculation of Seasonal Efficiency of Cold Generators and Chillers in Air Conditioning Systems.111 I.1 Introduction.111 I.2 Theory.111 I.2.1 The objective.111 I.2.2 Combination of load frequencies and part-load performance measurements.112 I.2.3 Seasonal performance indices.113 I.2.4 Calculation of representative EIRs.113 I.2.5 Multiple chillers.113 I.2.6 Calculations for systems.113 I.3 Practical application.114 I.3.1 Background.114 I.3.2 Simplification of load frequency data.115 I.3.3 Approximation of chiller performance data.116 I.4 Illustrative example of estimation of seasonal EER.118 I.4.1 General.118 I.4.2 Load frequency distributions.118 I.4.3 Combined chiller performance.119 I.4.4 Mapping the chiller ratings on to the load frequency.120 I.5 Example for calculated part-load-values.123 Annex J (informative)
Auxiliary energy for cooling-water and cold-water distribution.127 J.1 Electrical energy demand.127 J.1.1 General.127 J.1.2 Electrical energy demand of distribution.129 J.2 Hydraulic energy demand for distribution.130 J.2.1 General.130 J.2.2 Pressure head at the design-rating operating point.131 J.2.3 ∆∆∆∆p approximation values.132 J.2.4 Pump operating times.133 J.2.5 Mean distribution load.134 J.2.6 Correction factor
fAbgl for hydraulic adjustment.135 J.3 Demand coefficients.136 J.3.1 General.136 J.3.2 Efficiency factor fe of the pump.136 J.3.3 Correction factor
fAdap for adaptation.137 J.3.4 Pump power adaptation during operation.137 J.3.5 Switching of individual pumps in parallel-pump installations.138 J.4 Other auxiliary energy demands (auxiliary drives).138 J.4.1 Pump heating registers.138 J.4.2 Pumps and drives for heat recovery.138 J.4.3 Water humidifier pumps.139 J.4.4 Electrical energy demand for central HVAC unit controls.140 J.5 Guideline for calculating the electrical energy demand of cooling-water and cold-water distribution systems.140 J.5.1 General.140 J.5.2 Specific volume flow in the distribution circuit.141 J.5.3 Pressure head ∆∆∆∆pZ at the design-rating operating point.141 J.5.4 Annual pump operating times ∑ld,t.143 J.5.5 Specific electrical power of distribution.143 J.5.6 Electrical energy demand of distribution.143
EN 15243:2007 (E) 5 Annex K (informative)
Thermal and dehumidification distribution losses in cooling systems.145 K.1 Cooling for the HVAC system.145 K.2 Cooling energy supply for space cooling.146 Annex L (informative)
Auxiliary energy use by terminals.148 L.1 Energy demand for space cooling – fans.148 Annex M (informative)
Auxiliary energy demand, heat rejection.149 M.1 Calculation.149 M.2 Partial-load index values of heat rejection systems.152 Bibliography.154
EN 15243:2007 (E) 6 Foreword This document (EN 15243:2007) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 156 “Ventilation for buildings”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2008, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2008. This standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association (Mandate M/343), and supports essential requirements of EU Directive 2002/91/EC on the energy performance of buildings (EPBD). It forms part of a series of standards aimed at European harmonisation of the methodology for the calculation of the energy performance of buildings. An overview of the whole set of standards is given in CEN/TR 15615, Explanation of the general relationship between various CEN standards and the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD) ("Umbrella document"). Attention is drawn to the need for observance of EU Directives transposed into national legal requirements.
Existing national regulations with or without reference to national standards, may restrict for the time being the implementation of the European Standards mentioned in this report. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
EN 15243:2007 (E) 7 Introduction Clauses 13 and 14 of this standard deal with the calculation of the energy demand of HVAC systems, specifically in connection with the Energy Performance Rating in connection with the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive. The calculation of the building energy demand that has to be met is dealt with in prEN ISO 13790 "Thermal Performance of Buildings – Calculation of energy use for space heating and cooling" – this information is input data for the procedures addressed in this standard. Calculation methods satisfying this standard may also be used for other purposes, (for example, for system sizing). These are covered by Clauses 1 to 12 of the standard. Users of calculation methods should exercise care in ensuring that the need for appropriate modifications are considered and, if necessary, implemented for other applications. The standard has an unusual large portion of informative annexes in terms of number and size. This is due to the fact that the area covered by this standard is highly dependent on the system solutions, which exist in a large number of variations, and therefore many issues can only be shown in an exemplary way and experts in the different countries would not agree in putting this generally in normative way. Also, due to the different
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