SIST EN 50132-5-1:2012
(Main)Alarm systems - CCTV surveillance systems for use in security applications - Part 5-1: Video transmission - General video transmission performance requirements
Alarm systems - CCTV surveillance systems for use in security applications - Part 5-1: Video transmission - General video transmission performance requirements
This European Standard introduces general requirements on video transmission. A detailed specification on analog video transmission over different media including signal and performance requirements is already defined in prEN 50132-5-3. For the growing number of surveillance applications based on IP video transmission the requirements are defined in 2 standards. This standard covers in the following clauses the general requirements for video transmissions on performance, security and conformance to basic IP connectivity, based on available, well-known, international standards. In areas where more detailed IP requirements are necessary additional specifications are given, in order to reach compatibility. In this European Standard no detailed and special CCTV protocols are defined. In Part 2 of this European Standard, a detailed video IP protocol, messages and commands on top of the general connectivity and performance requirements of Part 1 are defined. Part 2 defines an IP protocol for full interoperability (e.g. PTZ control, eventing, etc.) of video transmission devices used in surveillance applications. The first section of this standard defines the minimum performance requirements on video transmission for security applications in IP networks. In surveillance applications, the requirements on timing, quality and availability are strict and defined in the last section of this standard. Guidelines for network architecture on how these requirements can be fulfilled are given. The second section of this European Standard defines requirements on basic IP connectivity of video transmission devices to be used in security applications. If a video transmission device is used in security, certain basic requirements apply. First of all a basic understanding of IP connectivity needs to be introduced which requests the device to be compliant to fundamental network protocols. These could be requirements which may be applied to all IP security devices even beyond IP video. For this reason, requirements are introduced in a second step for compliance to basic streaming protocols, used in this standard for video streaming and stream control. Since security applications need high availability and reliability, general means for the transmission of the video status and health check events need to be covered. Theses are defined in general requirements on eventing and network device management. In security proper maintenance and setup is essential for the functioning of the video transmission device: Locating streaming devices and their capabilities is a basic requirement and covered in "device discovery and description".
Alarmanlagen - CCTV-Überwachungsanlagen für Sicherungsanwendungen - Teil 5-1: Allgemeine Leistungsanforderungen an die Videoübertragung
Systèmes d’alarme – Systèmes de surveillance CCTV à usage dans les applications de sécurité - Partie 5-1:Exigences générales de performance pour la vidéotransmission
La présente Norme européenne présente les exigences générales pour la vidéotransmission. Une spécification détaillée concernant la vidéotransmission analogique sur différents supports a déjà été définie dans le prEN 50132-5-3. Celle-ci inclut les exigences relatives au signal et aux performances. Le nombre de plus en plus grand d'applications de surveillance basées sur la vidéotransmission IP a conduit à en définir les exigences dans deux normes. La présente norme couvre dans les articles suivants les exigences générales pour les vidéotransmissions relatives à la performance, la sécurité et la conformité à la connectivité IP de base, fondées sur les normes internationales existantes bien connues. Dans les domaines où des exigences IP plus détaillées sont nécessaires, des spécifications complémentaires sont fournies afin de viser à la compatibilité. Aucun protocole de vidéosurveillance détaillé et particulier n'est défini dans la présente Norme Européenne. Dans la partie 2 de la présente Norme Européenne, un protocole, des messages et des commandes IP vidéo détaillés, se superposant aux exigences générales de connectivité et de performances de la Partie 1, sont définis. La partie 2 définit un protocole IP pour une interopérabilité complète (par exemple, contrôle PTZ (Panoramique/inclinaison/zoom), gestion d'événements, etc.) des dispositifs de vidéotransmission utilisés dans les applications de surveillance. La première partie de la présente Norme définit les exigences de performances minimales de la vidéotransmission pour les applications de sécurité dans les réseaux IP. Dans les applications de surveillance, les exigences relatives à la synchronisation, à la qualité et à la disponibilité sont strictes et elles sont définies dans la dernière partie de la présente Norme. Des recommandations relatives à l'architecture des réseaux sont fournies, ainsi que la façon dont ces exigences peuvent être satisfaites. La deuxième partie de la présente Norme Européenne définit les exigences relatives à la connectivité IP de base des dispositifs de vidéotransmission destinés à être utilisés dans les applications de sécurité. Si un dispositif de vidéotransmission est utilisé dans le domaine de la sécurité, certaines exigences de base s'appliquent. Il est nécessaire de présenter avant tout la compréhension de base de la connectivité IP exigeant que le dispositif soit conforme aux protocoles de réseaux fondamentaux. Ceux-ci peuvent être présentés sous forme d'exigences pouvant être appliquées à tous les dispositifs de sécurité IP, allant même au-delà de la vidéo IP. Pour cette raison, les exigences sont présentées dans une deuxième étape relative à la conformité des protocoles de transfert en flux continu de base utilisés dans la présente norme pour le transfert vidéo en flux continu et le contrôle de flux. Puisque les applications de sécurité nécessitent une forte disponibilité et une grande fiabilité, des moyens généraux pour la transmission d'événements de contrôle d'état et de bon fonctionnement de la vidéo doivent être traités. Ceux-ci sont définis dans les exigences générales relatives à la gestion d'événements et la gestion des dispositifs de réseaux. Dans le domaine de la sécurité, une maintenance et une mise en service correctes sont essentielles pour le fonctionnement du dispositif de vidéotransmission. La localisation des dispositifs de transfert en flux continu ainsi que leurs capacités constituent une exigence de base et sont traitées dans « découverte et description du dispositif ».
Alarmni sistemi - Nadzorni sistemi CCTV za uporabo v aplikacijah varovanja - 5.1. del: Video prenos - Splošne zahteve za zmogljivosti video prenosa
Ta evropski standard predstavlja splošne zahteve v zvezi z video prenosom. Podrobna specifikacija za analogni video prenos prek različnih medijev, vključno z zahtevami za signal in zmogljivosti, je že določena v standardu prEN 50132-5-3. Zahteve za vse večje število nadzornih aplikacij, ki temeljijo na video prenosu IP, so opredeljene v dveh standardih. Ta standard v naslednjih točkah zajema splošne zahteve za video prenose glede zmogljivosti, varnosti in skladnosti z osnovno povezljivostjo IP na podlagi razpoložljivih in dobro poznanih mednarodnih standardov. Na področjih, na katerih so potrebne podrobnejše zahteve v zvezi z IP, so podane dodatne specifikacije, da se doseže združljivost. V tem evropskem standardu niso določeni podrobni in posebni protokoli CCTV. V 2. delu tega evropskega standarda so na podlagi splošnih zahtev glede povezljivosti in zmogljivosti iz 1. dela podrobneje opredeljeni protokol IP za video, sporočila in ukazi. 2. del določa protokol IP za popolno interoperabilnost (npr. nadzor PTZ, načrtovanje dogodkov itd.) naprav za video prenos, ki se uporabljajo v nadzornih aplikacijah.
Prvi oddelek tega standarda določa najmanjše zahteve za zmogljivost video prenosa aplikacij varovanja v omrežjih IP. Zahteve za časovno načrtovanje, kakovost in razpoložljivost nadzornih aplikacij so stroge in določene v zadnjem oddelku tega standarda. Podane so smernice za omrežno arhitekturo o izpolnjevanju teh zahtev.
Drugi oddelek tega evropskega standarda določa zahteve za osnovno povezljivost IP naprav za video prenos, ki se uporabljajo v aplikacijah varovanja. Če se naprava za video prenos uporablja za varovanje, veljajo nekatere osnovne zahteve. Predstaviti je treba predvsem osnovna načela povezljivosti IP, ki zahtevajo, da je naprava skladna s temeljnimi omrežnimi protokoli. To so lahko zahteve, ki se lahko uporabljajo za vse varnostne naprave IP, ne le za video IP. Zato se zahteve določijo v drugem koraku za skladnost z osnovnimi pretočnimi protokoli, ki se v tem standardu uporabljajo za video pretakanje in nadzor pretoka. Ker aplikacije varovanja zahtevajo visoko razpoložljivost in zanesljivost, je treba zagotoviti splošne načine za prenos dogodkov v zvezi s stanjem in nadzorom kakovosti videa. Ti dogodki so opredeljeni v splošnih zahtevah za načrtovanje dogodkov in upravljanje omrežnih naprav. Pri varnosti sta pravilno vzdrževanje in nastavitev bistvena za delovanje naprave za video prenos. Določitev lokacije pretočnih naprav in njihovih zmogljivosti je osnovna zahteva, ki je opisana v oddelku »odkrivanje in opis naprav«.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 50132-5-1:2012
01-februar-2012
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 50132-5:2001
Alarmni sistemi - Nadzorni sistemi CCTV za uporabo v aplikacijah varovanja - 5.1.
del: Video prenos - Splošne zahteve za zmogljivosti video prenosa
Alarm systems - CCTV surveillance systems for use in security applications - Part 5-1:
Video transmission - General video transmission performance requirements
Alarmanlagen - CCTV-Überwachungsanlagen für Sicherungsanwendungen - Teil 5-1:
Allgemeine Leistungsanforderungen an die Videoübertragung
Systèmes d’alarme – Systèmes de surveillance CCTV à usage dans les applications de
sécurité - Partie 5-1:Exigences générales de performance pour la vidéotransmission
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 50132-5-1:2011
ICS:
13.320 Alarmni in opozorilni sistemi Alarm and warning systems
33.160.40 Video sistemi Video systems
SIST EN 50132-5-1:2012 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 50132-5-1:2012
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SIST EN 50132-5-1:2012
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 50132-5-1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
December 2011
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 13.310; 33.160.40 Supersedes EN 50132-5:2001 (partially)
English version
Alarm systems -
CCTV surveillance systems for use in security applications -
Part 5-1: Video transmission -
General video transmission performance requirements
Systèmes d’alarme – Systèmes de Alarmanlagen -
surveillance CCTV à usage dans les CCTV-Überwachungsanlagen für
applications de sécurité - Sicherungsanwendungen -
Partie 5-1:Exigences générales de Teil 5-1: Allgemeine
performance pour la vidéotransmission Leistungsanforderungen an die
Videoübertragung
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2011-10-31. CENELEC members are bound to comply
with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard
the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on
application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified
to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus,
the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia,
Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B - 1000 Brussels
© 2011 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Ref. No. EN 50132-5-1:2011 E
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Contents Page
Foreword . 4
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations . 7
3.1 Terms and definitions . 7
3.2 Abbreviations . 19
4 Introduction . 21
5 Performance requirements . 22
5.1 General . 22
5.2 Network time services . 22
5.3 Video transmission timing requirements . 23
5.4 Performance requirements on streaming video . 24
6 IP video transmission network design requirements . 26
6.1 General . 26
6.2 Overview . 27
6.3 Digital network planning . 27
6.4 Additional architecture principles . 30
6.5 Network design . 30
6.6 Replacement and redundancy . 33
6.7 Centralized and decentralized network recording and video content analytics . 34
7 General IP requirements . 35
7.1 General . 35
7.2 IP – ISO Layer 3 . 35
7.3 Addressing . 35
7.4 Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) . 36
7.5 Diagnostics . 37
7.6 IP multicast . 37
8 Video streaming requirements . 37
8.1 General . 37
8.2 Transport protocol . 38
8.3 Documentation and specification . 39
8.4 RTP introduction . 39
8.5 RTP payload formats . 40
8.6 Streaming of metadata . 45
9 Video stream control requirements . 48
9.1 General . 48
9.2 Usage of RTSP in video transmission devices . 48
9.3 RTSP standards track requirements . 49
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10 Device discovery and description requirements .50
11 Eventing requirements .50
12 Network device management requirements .51
12.1 General .51
12.2 General (informative) .51
12.3 MIB overview .52
12.4 Introduction .52
12.5 The SNMPv2 management framework requirements .53
12.6 Object definitions .53
12.7 The SNMP agent and manager model for video transmission devices .54
12.8 CCTV SNMP trap requirements for event management .55
12.9 Security requirements SNMP .56
13 network security requirements .56
13.1 General .56
13.2 Transport level security requirements for SG4 transmission .56
Bibliography .58
Figures
Figure 1 – network buffer. 24
Figure 2 – Network latency, jitter, loss . 28
Figure 3 – System design . 30
Figure 4 – Small network . 31
Figure 5 – Multicast network . 31
Figure 6 – Hierarchical network . 32
Figure 7 – Redundant network . 34
Figure 8 – Video transport protocol stack . 39
Figure 9 – Overview of the protocol stack for RTP transport . 40
Figure 10 – KLV pack . 47
Figure 11 — MIB structure . 52
Tables
Table 1 – Time service accuracy for video transport stream. 22
Table 2 – Interconnections – Timing requirements . 23
Table 3 – Video transmission network requirements . 23
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Table 4 – Video transmission network requirements . 23
Table 5 – Performance requirements video streaming and stream display . 25
Table 6 – Video stream network packet jitter . 26
Table 7 – Monitoring of interconnections . 26
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Foreword
This document (EN 50132-5-1:2011) has been prepared by CLC/TC 79, "Alarm systems".
The following dates are fixed:
(dop) 2012-10-31
• latest date by which this document has
to be implemented at national level by
publication of an identical national
standard or by endorsement
• latest date by which the national (dow) 2014-10-31
standards conflicting with this
document have to be withdrawn
This document, together with EN 50132-5-2 and future EN 50132-5-3, supersedes EN 50132-5:2001.
This document introduces new general requirements on video transmission.
EN 50132 consists of the following parts, under the generic title Alarm systems – CCTV surveillance systems
for use in security applications
Part 1 System requirements
Part 5-1 General video transmission performance requirements
Part 5-2 IP video transmission protocols
Part 5-3 Video transmission – Analog and digital video transmission
Part 7 Application guidelines
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CENELEC [and/or CEN] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
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Introduction
The European Electrotechnical Standardisation Organisation for alarm systems together with many
governmental organisations, test houses and equipment manufacturers has defined a common framework for
surveillance video transmission in order to achieve interoperability between products.
This video transmission standard is divided into 3 independent parts and sections:
Part 1: General video transmission performance requirements
Part 2: IP video transmission protocols
Part 3: Analog and digital video transmission
Each part offers its own clauses on scope, references, definitions, requirements.
The purpose of the transmission system in a closed circuit television (CCTV) installation is to provide reliable
transmission of video signals between the different types of CCTV equipment in security, safety and
monitoring applications.
Today CCTV surveillance systems reside in security networks using IT infrastructure, equipment and
connections within the protected site itself.
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1 Scope
This European Standard introduces general requirements on video transmission. A detailed specification on
analog video transmission over different media including signal and performance requirements is already
defined in prEN 50132-5-3. For the growing number of surveillance applications based on IP video
transmission the requirements are defined in 2 standards. This standard covers in the following clauses the
general requirements for video transmissions on performance, security and conformance to basic IP
connectivity, based on available, well-known, international standards. In areas where more detailed IP
requirements are necessary additional specifications are given, in order to reach compatibility. In this
European Standard no detailed and special CCTV protocols are defined. In Part 2 of this European Standard,
a detailed video IP protocol, messages and commands on top of the general connectivity and performance
requirements of Part 1 are defined. Part 2 defines an IP protocol for full interoperability (e.g. PTZ control,
eventing, etc.) of video transmission devices used in surveillance applications.
The first section of this standard defines the minimum performance requirements on video transmission for
security applications in IP networks. In surveillance applications, the requirements on timing, quality and
availability are strict and defined in the last section of this standard. Guidelines for network architecture on
how these requirements can be fulfilled are given.
The second section of this European Standard defines requirements on basic IP connectivity of video
transmission devices to be used in security applications. If a video transmission device is used in security,
certain basic requirements apply. First of all a basic understanding of IP connectivity needs to be introduced
which requests the device to be compliant to fundamental network protocols. These could be requirements
which may be applied to all IP security devices even beyond IP video. For this reason, requirements are
introduced in a second step for compliance to basic streaming protocols, used in this standard for video
streaming and stream control. Since security applications need high availability and reliability, general means
for the transmission of the video status and health check events need to be covered. Theses are defined in
general requirements on eventing and network device management. In security proper maintenance and
setup is essential for the functioning of the video transmission device: Locating streaming devices and their
capabilities is a basic requirement and covered in "device discovery and description".
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 50132-1, Alarm systems — CCTV surveillance systems for use in security applications — Part 1: System
requirements
EN 50132-7, Alarm systems — CCTV surveillance systems for use in security applications — Part 7:
Application guidelines
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1.1
adaptive jitter buffering
queuing of packet s in switched networks exposed to unwanted variations in the communications signal to
ensure the continuous video transmission over a network supported by the "Adaptive" ability to adjust the size
of the jitter buffer based on the measured jitter in the network
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EXAMPLE If the jitter increases, the buffer becomes larger and can store more packets; if the jitter decreases, the
buffer becomes smaller and stores fewer packets.
3.1.2
advanced Encryption Standard (AES)
NIST encryption standard, also known as Rijndael, specified as unclassified, publicly-disclosed, symmetric
encryption algorithm with a fixed block size of 128 bits and a key size of 128 bits, 192 bits or 256 bits
according to the Federal Information Processing Standards Publication 197
3.1.3
ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange)
de-facto world-wide standard for the code numbers used by computers to represent all the upper and lower-
case characters
3.1.4
asymmetric algorithm
algorithm used in the asymmetric cryptography, in which a pair of keys (a private key and a public key) is used
to encrypt and decrypt a message to ensure the privacy of communications
3.1.5
authentication
process where an operators or systems identity is checked within a network
EXAMPLE In networks, authentication is commonly done using logon passwords.
3.1.6
authentication server
device used in network access control which stores the usernames and passwords that identify the clients
logging on or which may hold the algorithms for access
NOTE For access to specific network resources, the server may itself store user permissions and company policies or
provide access to directories that contain the information. Protocols such as RADIUS, Kerberos and TACACS+, and
802.1x are implemented in an authentication server to perform user authentications.
3.1.7
authenticity
integrity and trustworthiness of data or an entity; validity and conformance of the information, or identity of a
user
NOTE The authenticity can be secured and verified using cryptographic methods.
3.1.8
authorization
approval, permission, or empowerment for a user or a component to do something
3.1.9
backbone
high-speed line or series of connections that forms a major pathway within a network
3.1.10
backbone layer
larger transmission line that carries data gathered from smaller communication lines that interconnect with it,
e.g. a line or set of lines that local area networks connect to, in order to span distances efficiently e.g.
between buildings
3.1.11
Bits-per-Second (BpS)
unit or measurement of how fast data is transferred from one node to another
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3.1.12
bridge
device used to connect two networks including passing data packets between them using the same protocols
3.1.13
certificate authority
issuer of security certificates used in SSL connections
3.1.14
client
component that contacts and obtains data from a server
3.1.15
client/server
communication system providing services like video streams, storage, logon access, data communication
management and clients (workstations) bscribing these services
NOTE A Hub is a communication device that contains multiple ports
3.1.16
codec
compression-Decompression or enCOder/DECoder process
3.1.17
Common Gateway Interface (CGI)
standardized method of communication between a client, e.g. web browser, and a server, e.g. web server
3.1.18
compression delay
delay caused by the compression of data
3.1.19
congestion
situation in which the traffic presents on the network exceeds available network bandwidth/ capacity
3.1.20
core layer
part of the network providing optimal transport between sites or system functionality e.g. recording
3.1.21
Data Encryption Standard (DES)
cryptographic algorithm method developed by the US National Bureau Standards
3.1.22
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)
protocol by which a network component obtains an IP address (and other network configuration information)
from a server on the local network
3.1.23
distribution layer
part of the network providing policy-based connectivity
3.1.24
Domain Name System (DNS)
system that translates Internet domain names into IP addresses
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3.1.25
dual homing
single device offering two or more network interfaces
3.1.26
dynamic Jitter buffer
collecting and storing video data packets for processing them in evenly spaced intervals to reduce distortions
in the display
3.1.27
encryption
type of network security used to encode data so that only the intended destination can access or decode the
information
3.1.28
fail-over
capability of an application to recover from a failure on an entity by automatically switching over to a surviving
instance, providing no loss of data or continuity, also known as "run-time failover" and often used in
connection with
3.1.29
forensics
field of science of applying digital technologies to legal questions arising from criminal investigations
3.1.30
frame
data structure that collectively represents a transmission stream including headers, data, and the payload and
provides information necessary for the correct delivery of the data
3.1.31
gateway
hardware or software set-up that translates between two dissimilar protocols
3.1.32
H.261
ITU video coding standard originally designed for ISDN lines and data rate with multiples of 64Kbit/s using
RTP
3.1.33
H.263
ITU standard supporting video compression (coding) for streaming video via RTP based on and replacing the
H.261 codec
3.1.34
H.264
ISO ITU-T MPEG-4 Part 10 standard, also named Advanced Video Coding (AVC) supporting video
compression (coding) from low bit-rate network streaming applications to HD video applications with near-
lossless coding for network-friendly video representation
3.1.35
Host
computer on a network that is a repository for services available to other components on the network
3.1.36
hot-swap
property of controller which allows circuit boards or other devices to be removed and replaced while the
system remains powered up and in operation
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3.1.37
Hyper Text Mark-up Language (HTML)
coding language used to create Hypertext documents for use on the World Wide Web
3.1.38
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
connection oriented protocol for transmitting data over a network or protocol for moving hyper text files across
the Internet
3.1.39
Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS)
encrypts and authenticates communication between server and clients
3.1.40
Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)
error protocol indicating, for instance, that a requested service is not available or that a host or router could
not be reached
3.1.41
ID identification
machine-readable character string
3.1.42
IEEE 802.1x
method for authentication and authorization in IEEE-802 networks using an authentication server e.g. RADIUS
server
3.1.43
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
professional association of engineers for the advancement of technology
3.1.44
Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP)
communications protocol used to manage the membership of IP multicast groups
3.1.45
Internet Protocol (IP)
network layer 3 protocol in the OSI model containing addressing and control information to enable data
packets to be routed in a network and primary network layer protocol in the TCP/IP protocol suite according to
IETF RFC 791
3.1.46
IP Address (Internet Protocol Address)
unique number consisting of 4 parts separated by dots, e.g. 196.162.245.2, of a device attached to an IP
network
NOTE Each device on an IP network uses a unique address. Every IP data packet contains a source address (sender)
and a destination address (recipient). Each IP address consists of 32-bits that are arranged into four 8-bit “octets” (x.x.x.x).
IP addresses range from 0.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.255.
3.1.47
IP Internet Protocol
main protocol used in conjunction with TCP (Transfer Control Protocol) (see TCP/IP)
3.1.48
IPS Images per Second
measurement or unit for the rate of pictures transmitted or displayed to create a video stream
NOTE A rate of 25 IPS (PAL) or 30 IPS (NTSC) is considered to be real-time or full motion video.
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3.1.49
Internet Protocol, version 4 (IPv4)
most widely used version of the Internet Protocol (the "IP" part of TCP/IP.)
3.1.50
Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6)
successor to IPv4
NOTE Already deployed in some cases and gradually spreading, IPv6 provides a huge number of available IP Numbers
- over a sextillion addresses. IPv6 allows every device on the planet to have its own IP Number.
3.1.51
Institute of Radio Engineers (IRE)
unit or measurement of the analog video amplitude that divides the area from the sync level to peak white
level into 140 equal units
NOTE 140 IRE equals 1Volt peak-to-peak. The range of active video is 100 IRE.
3.1.52
KBit/s Kilobits per second
unit of data transmission rate
3.1.53
latency
time that elapses between the initiation of a network request for data and the start of the actual data transfer
3.1.54
layer 2 switch
OSI (Open Systems Architecture) data link layer device responsible for transmitting data across the physical
links in a network
3.1.55
layer 3 device
OSI device that determines network addresses, routes and quality of service for information transport
EXAMPLE A router is a Layer 3 device; switches can also have Layer 3 capability.
3.1.56
Local Area Network (LAN)
communications network serving users and devices within a limited geographical area, such as a building or a
protected area
3.1.57
local-access layer
part
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