SIST EN 1824:2011
(Main)Road marking materials - Road trials
Road marking materials - Road trials
This document specifies the requirements for conducting road trials for road marking materials intended for use in both permanent and temporary road marking. Details are given for test sites, for the application of road marking materials on the test sites, for the parameters to be measured and the frequency of the measurements and for the presentation of the results in the form of a test report.
Straßenmarkierungsmaterialien - Feldprüfungen
Dieses Dokument legt die Anforderungen für die Durchführung von Feldprüfungen mit Straßenmarkierungsmaterialien
fest, die sowohl für den dauerhaften als auch für vorübergehenden Einsatz vorgesehen sind. Sie
enthält Einzelheiten zu Prüffeldern, zur Applikation des Straßenmarkierungsmaterials auf den Prüffeldern, zu
den zu messenden Parametern, zur Häufigkeit der Messungen und zur Darstellung der Ergebnisse in Form
eines Prüfberichtes.
Produits de marquage routier - Essais routiers
La présente Norme européenne spécifie les exigences pour la conduite des expérimentations sur chaussée pour les produits de marquage routier destinés à une utilisation aussi bien permanente que temporaire. Des détails sont donnés pour les sites d’essai, l’application des produits sur ces sites, les paramètres à mesurer et la fréquence des mesurages ainsi que la présentation des résultats sous forme d’un rapport d’essai.
Materiali za označevanje vozišča - Terenski preskusi
Ta dokument določa zahteve za izvajanje terenskih preskusov za materiale za označevanje vozišča, namenjene uporabi za stalno in začasno označevanje vozišča. Podane so podrobnosti za preskusna mesta, za nanos materialov za označevanje vozišča na preskusnih mestih, za parametre, ki jih je treba meriti, in frekvenco meritev, ter za predstavitev rezultatov v obliki preskusnega poročila.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Straßenmarkierungsmaterialien - FeldprüfungenProduits de marquage routier - Essais routiersRoad marking materials - Road trials93.080.20Materiali za gradnjo cestRoad construction materialsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 1824:2011SIST EN 1824:2011en01-oktober-2011SIST EN 1824:2011SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 1824:19991DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 1824:2011
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 1824
June 2011 ICS 93.080.20 Supersedes EN 1824:1998English Version
Road marking materials - Road trials
Produits de marquage routier - Essais routiers
Straßenmarkierungsmaterialien - Feldprüfungen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 22 April 2011.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1824:2011: ESIST EN 1824:2011
EN 1824:2011 (E) 2 Contents Foreword . 31Scope . 42Normative references . 43Terms and definitions . 44Test sites and conditions . 45Organization of road trials . 76Application of road marking materials .107Measurements related to performance .118Individual test report for road marking material.14Annex A (normative)
Köppen classification .15Annex B (normative)
Measurement of the number of wheel passages and
the percentage of heavy vehicles .17Annex C (normative)
Determination of the rate of application and the rate of consumption of material during application .21Annex D (normative)
Drying time determination .24Annex E (normative)
Meteorological determinations during application .25Annex F (normative)
Removability .27Annex G (normative)
Determination of wear index .28Annex H (informative)
Model of test report .30Bibliography .32 SIST EN 1824:2011
EN 1824:2011 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 1824:2011) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 226 “Road equipment”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2011, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2011. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 1824:1998. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. The Annexes A to G of this European Standard are normative and Annex H is informative. This European Standard is one of a package of inter-related European Standards with a common date of withdrawal (dow) fixed on December 2011 (including the request of an extension for the co-existence period): EN 1790, Road marking materials
Preformed road markings, EN 1824, Road marking materials
Road trials, EN 1871, Road marking materials
Paint, thermoplastic and cold plastic materials Specifications, EN 12802, Road marking materials
Laboratory methods for identification, EN 13197, Road marking materials
Wear simulator Turntable, EN 13212, Road marking materials
Requirements for factory production control, EN 13459, Road marking materials
Sampling and testing.
SIST EN 1824:2011
EN 1824:2011 (E) 4 1 Scope This document specifies the requirements for conducting road trials for road marking materials intended for use in both permanent and temporary road marking. Details are given for test sites, for the application of road marking materials on the test sites, for the parameters to be measured and the frequency of the measurements and for the presentation of the results in the form of a test report. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 1436, Road marking materials
Road marking performance for road users EN 13036-1, Road and airfield surface characteristics
Test methods
Part 1: Measurement of pavement surface macrotexture depth using a volumetric patch technique 3 Terms and definitions For the purpose of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 roll-over number of wheels passing over a point of a road surface within a specified period of time 3.2 useful rate of application quantity, expressed in g×m-2, of drop-on and/or non-drop materials which have adhered to the road marking substrate, when lines are done 3.3 rate of consumption during application quantity, expressed in g×m-2, of drop-on or injection materials at the exit of the guns of the application equipment 3.4 percentage of heavy vehicles ratio between the number of heavy vehicles and the number of all vehicles circulating on the test site 4 Test sites and conditions 4.1 General Test sites shall be arranged at suitable locations in accordance with 4.2 to 4.5. The test results may depend on test field location, climate, road surface and traffic which shall be described according to 4.2 to 4.6. 4.2 Test sites characteristics and location The test site shall be located in an area which belongs to one of the climatic classes defined in 4.3. The test site shall consist of a field, where the road marking materials are to be applied, with extra space at both ends. The roads used for test sites should be straight and flat and without junctions, substantial obstacles to daylight, sources of frequent dirt (quarries, field exits, etc.) or tracked vehicles. SIST EN 1824:2011
EN 1824:2011 (E) 5 NOTE It is desirable to have additional areas at the roadsides in order to allow safe working conditions and convenient operation of application with road marking equipment. The percentage of heavy vehicles on the test site shall be 10 % to 25 % of all vehicles. The location of the test site shall be indicated in the test report. 4.3 Climatic conditions and classes Climatic classes (see Table 1) are defined according to the Köppen classification and the use of winter maintenance. Köppen classification shall be determined according to Annex A. Winter maintenance is defined by the number of times that snowplough have operated on the test field during the road trials. Winter maintenance is applicable if this number is equal to or greater than 20 and shall be considered only for the Köppen zone Cfb.
Table 1 – Test Field climatic classes Climatic Class Climatic zone according to Köppen C1 Dfc E C2 Cfb without Winter maintenance C3 Cfb with Winter maintenance Dfb Dsb C4 Csa Bsh Cfa Csb
SIST EN 1824:2011
EN 1824:2011 (E) 6 4.4 Road surface conditions and classes Road trials shall be carried out on asphaltic road surfaces of an age of 1 year or more, which are in good condition and not in need of repair for the duration of the road trials and are not damaged by the presence of wheel tracks, fissures, cracks or similar. Highly porous surfaces shall be avoided. NOTE 1 Road trials on cement concrete surfaces do not give repeatable results because of on-going chemical reactions. NOTE 2 Road trials on highly porous surfaces do not give comparable results due to the draining properties. At the commencement of a road trial, a road surface report of the road trial shall be available. The test surface report shall include a general description of the road surface and an account of the texture depth (MTD: mean texture depth), determined in accordance with EN 13036-1. The MTD shall be measured at several locations on the test field. The number of measurements depends on the test field length. Measurements shall be carried out, at least, at three transversal locations and repeated every 30 m on the test field. The transversal measurements locations are in the centre of the carriageway, near the right and left edge line. The averaged mean texture depth is derived from these measurements. The standard deviation shall be less than 0,15 mm. NOTE 3 The averaged texture depth may also be directly determined in accordance with EN ISO 13473-1. Depending to the averaged measured texture depth, the test field roughness is described in term of roughness class according to Table 2.
Table 2 – Test field roughness classes Roughness class Averaged measured texture depth RG1 ≤ 0,60 mm RG2 > 0,60 mm and ≤ 0,90 mm RG3 > 0,90 mm and ≤ 1,20 mm RG4 > 1,20 mm
NOTE 4 The texture depth has an influence on the result of road trials, at least for materials applied in thin layers. 4.5 Roll-over classes The volume of traffic shall be such as to ensure that one or more measurement areas with the desired roll-over class can be selected (see 7.2). At the termination of a road trial, a traffic report for the duration of the road trial should be made available. The traffic report shall include the roll-over classes according to Table 3, determined on the measurement area(s) in accordance with Annex B.
SIST EN 1824:2011
EN 1824:2011 (E) 7 Table 3 – Roll-over classes Roll-over class Number of wheel passagesT0 ≤ 50 000 T1 Between 50 000 and 60 000 T2 100 000 ± 20 % P0 ≤ 50 000 P1 Between 50 000 and 60 000 P2 100 000 ± 20 % P3 200 000 ± 20 % P4 500 000 ± 20 % P5 P5.5 P6 1 000 000 ± 20 % 1 500 000 ± 10 % 2 000 000 ± 10 % NOTE The roll-over classes T0, T1 and T2 are for materials intended for temporary road markings, while the roll-over classes P0 to P6 are for materials intended for permanent road markings. The traffic report should further include the percentage of heavy vehicles together with an indication of the counting method used. A vehicle is considered a heavy vehicle if its maximum gross mass is above 7500 kg. 4.6 Studded tyres classes For road trial sites where studded tyres are used to a significant degree, this shall be indicated on the test report. NOTE From general experience, such traffic conditions can be relevant to the erosion of road markings.
5 Organization of road trials 5.1 Duration A road trial shall include at least one full climatic cycle of one year for materials intended for permanent road marking and up to 6 months for materials intended for temporary road marking. In some cases, test markings may fall below the performance requirements of the road authority. In these cases, it may be necessary for the markings to be removed. 5.2 Transverse and longitudinal application patterns 5.2.1 General Road marking materials shall be applied in patterns of lines either transverse or longitudinal to the road. When a long (more than 40 cm) measurement area is necessary, the transverse pattern cannot be used. When both the transverse and longitudinal patterns are used on the same test site, they shall be used on separate parts of that test site. 5.2.2 Transverse pattern At least three lines shall be applied for each road marking material. The distance between two adjacent lines should be at least 0,35 m and the width at least 0,15 m as shown in Figure 1. The application could be done across one or two lanes.
SIST EN 1824:2011
EN 1824:2011 (E) 8 NOTE Lines of the same material need not be adjacent.
Key 1 edge line 5 measurement areas 2 Lane 2 6 axis of measurement column 3 Lane 1 7 measurement column 4 road marking material in test 8 measurement points for determination of the number of wheel passages Figure 1 – Example of a transverse pattern showing a measurement column 5.2.3 Longitudinal pattern Lines are applied in transverse rows and longitudinal columns. For each of the road marking materials there shall be one line in each column containing measurement areas (see 7.2.2.3). The lines should be at least 0,13 m wide and at least 1 m long as shown in Figure 2. Unmarked space between the lines is a minimum of 0,5 m in the longitudinal direction. SIST EN 1824:2011
EN 1824:2011 (E) 9
Key 1 2 6 columns 4 rows 6 7 axis of measurement column Measurement column 3 centre line 8 Measurement areas 4 Lane 1 9 Measurement point for the determination of the number of wheel passages 5 edge line
Figure 2 – Example of a longitudinal pattern showing a measurement column SIST EN 1824:2011
EN 1824:2011 (E) 10 6 Application of road marking materials 6.1 General In case of longitudinal pattern, the application shall be done in the direction of the traffic. NOTE The test results depend on various factors related to the application of the road marking materials, i.e. application method, quantities applied, weather conditions, etc. 6.2 Periods for application Road marking materials shall be applied when the weather conditions are as defined in 6.3. NOTE The participating parties can agree to include one or more periods for application. One period can, for instance, be for materials intended for use as temporary road markings and another for materials intended for use as permanent road markings. There are practical advantages to having the period(s) as short as possible. For temporary road marking materials, the application period shall be such that the required number of wheel passages is obtained, and the subsequent measurements carried out, prior to or after winter conditions. 6.3 Conditions suitable for application Conditions shall be deemed suitable when: a) the road surface appears to be dry and dew is not being formed; b) the road surface temperature is within limits agreed upon by the participating parties; c) the wind speed is less than the maximum agreed upon by the participating parties. Special road marking materials can be applied in other weather conditions, which shall be noted in the individual test report (see Clause 8). EXAMPLE The road surface temperature is at least 3 °C above the dew point of the air, the road surface temperature is between 10 °C and 50 °C and the maximum wind speed is less than 10 m×s-1. 6.4 Technical specification for application Prior to the commencement of the road trials, the applicant shall submit to the test authority the application instructions of the road marking material. NOTE 1 The application instructions will include preparation methods (such as how to melt a thermoplastic material), what type of application to use (e.g. extrusion of a thermoplastic material), any particular road marking equipment required, the pattern of application (e.g. plain or a certain type of structure), the rate(s) of application (in grams per square metre), what drop-on materials to add, their rate(s) of application and the method to use. Whenever possible the road marking material shall be applied using self-propelled road marking equipment, and drop-on materials shall be applied mechanically. NOTE 2 Most materials, except preformed materials, can be applied using self-propelled road marking equipment; this ensures better repeatability of the application. NOTE 3 The road marking equipment used can either be those put to general commercial use or special road marking equipment. The road marking equipment can be operated by the usual crews or by staff at the test site. If the test authority and the applicant agree to test road marking equipment prior to the application of a road marking material, the rate of application of marking materials and of drop-on materials shall be adjusted and the rate of application applied verified in accordance with Annex C. A road marking equipment shall be SIST EN 1824:2011
EN 1824:2011 (E) 11 rejected if any of three rates of application applied in three successive test runs deviates more than 20 % from the average rate of application. 6.5 Sampling and measurements 6.5.1 Sampling When samples are required for identification or other purposes, each road marking material, all the components of a multiple component material, and drop-on materials shall be taken into account.
NOTE 1 For certification purposes, sampling will be done by test laboratory. NOTE 2 For materials used in more than one application, it is not necessary to sample every application. NOTE 3 The participating parties can agree to include further specifications for sampling, such as quantities to sample. NOTE 4 If diluents are allowed and used for the application, the rate of dilution will be verified sampling materials both from the original container and from the tank. 6.5.2 Measurement of drying time and weather conditions When required by the participating parties, the drying time shall be measured for paints and cold plastics. The drying time shall be determined in accordance with Annex D for every line that contains a measurement area (see 7.3) for further measurements. The drying time shall be reported together with an account of the weather conditions, including the ambient temperature, the road surface temperature, the relative air humidity and the wind speed as measured during application in accordance with Annex E. 6.5.3 Determination of the useful rate(s) of application and the rate(s) of consumption during application During the application of a road marking material, the useful rates of application of the material and of any drop-on or non drop-on material shall be determined in accordance with Annex C. When the rate(s) of consumption of material(s) during application are also required, they should be also determined in accordance with Annex C. NOTE The participating parties can agree to include a criterion for the acceptability of the application of a road marking material. For example, the application is rejected if any of the rates of application from the different lines deviates more than 10 % from the average rate of application, or if the average rate of application deviates more than, for example, 15 % from the rate of application given in the specification for the material. 7 Measurements related to performance 7.1 General Test lines shall only be washed when it is necessary to do so and by agreements between the participating parties. Washing shall be with a soft brush using clear water. The performance shall be then determined once the product is dry. When test lines have been washed, it shall be indicated on the test report. 7.2 Parameters The following parameters are relevant to this document: a) coefficient of retroreflected luminance, RL dry; SIST EN 1824:2011
EN 1824:2011 (E) 12 b) coefficient of retroreflected luminance, RL wet; c) coefficient of retroreflected luminance, RL during rain; d) luminance coefficient in diffuse illumination, Qd; e) colour: luminance factor, β, and x,y chromaticity co-ordinates; f) skid resistance, SRT value; g) removability (only for removable temporary materials); may be measured if required for informative purpose only; h) wear index may be measured if required for informative purpose only. The parameters a) to f) are defined in EN 1436 and shall be measured in accordance with that standard. If required, removability shall be measured in accordance with Annex F. If required, wear index shall be measured in accordance with Annex G. NOTE 1 For road surfaces with texture depth greater than 1,5 mm, the determination of wear index is irrelevant. NOTE 2 The participating parties can agree which parameters to measure on the basis of the intended use of the road marking materials. 7.3 Measurement areas 7.3.1 Roll-over classes One or more measurement areas shall be defined in terms of roll-over in accordance with Table 3 taking into account the periodicity of measurements (see 7.6). 7.3.2 Position 7.3.2.1 Roll-over The roll-overs shall be determined in accordance with Annex B. 7.3.2.2 Transverse pattern When introducing a measurement area, wide column along the road shall be selected (see Figure 1) so that points within the column are expected to have as close to the desired number of wheel passages as possible. The width of the column shall be at least 0,15 m and not exceed 0,4 m.
The measurement area shall consist of at least two lines of the same road marking material. 7.3.2.3 Longitudinal pattern When introducing a measurement area, a 0,15 m wide column along the road shall be selected (see Figure 2) so that points within the column lie within longitudinal lines and have as close to the desired number of wheel passages as possible. The measurement area shall consist of at least 1 m of one line of one road marking material (see Figure 2). SIST EN 1824:2011
EN 1824:2011 (E) 13 7.4 Direction of measurements For transverse pattern, measurements shall be carried out in the direction of the application excepted SRT which shall be determined in the direction of the traffic. For longitudinal pattern, measurements shall be carried out in the direction of the application. 7.5 Number of measurements in the measurement area One measurement shall be conducted for each of a number of measurement points evenly distributed across the measurement area. The result shall be expressed as the average value for the different measurement points. In the transverse pattern, a measurement area consists of at least two parts. The measuring points shall be divided equally between each part. For colour, β, RL (dry, wet, during rain), skid resistance and Qd measurement shall be carried out according to EN 1436. For RL (dry, wet or/and during rain) and Qd use a number of measuring locations to provide a total minimum measured surface area of 400 cm². For colour and luminance factor, use a number of measuring locations to provide a total minimum measured surface area of 25 cm². For skid resistance at least two points shall be selected. For removability it shall be tested for two of the lines on the transverse pattern, and for the first half of a line in the longitudinal pattern in accordance with Annex F. 7.6 Periodicity of measurements The parameters shall be measured as shown in Table 4 (marked ‘+’).
Table 4 – Periodicity of measurements Parameter Initial measurementsAfter application, measurements shall be taken after a minimum of 3 days after exposure to traffic an before a maximum of 14 days (permanent and temporary) Retained measurements Before 6 monthsc (temporary only) Retained measurements After one or more full
climatic cycled
(permanent only) RL (in dry, wet and under rain condition when relevant) + + + Qd + + + Colour + + + SRT + + + Removability
+
NOTE Other measuring periods can be used in field trials with special purposes. SIST EN 1824:2011
EN 1824:2011 (E) 14 a On one measurement area only, preferably the one with most traffic. b This limit can be extended to 30 days after application in case of justified problem like major meteorological perturbations. c On measurement areas with roll-overs T0, T1 and T2 in accordance with Clause 7. d On measurement areas with roll-overs P0, P1, P2, P3 P4, P5, P5.5 and P6 in accordance with Clause 7. A full climatic cycle is always 12 months. 8 Individual test report for road marking material The individual test report for a road marking material shall at least include: product name and similar general information;
intended use of the material; technical data for application and removability including technical specifications for materials, road marking equipment used, drying time and rates of application (see Clause 6); results of measurement (see Clause 7); summary of climatic, traffic and road surface conditions for the test site and its location according to Clause 4; % of heavy vehicle (informative). NOTE 1 It may be appropriate to attach to the individual test report, the general report for the test site (see Clause 4). NOTE 2 A model of an individual test report is given in Annex H.
SIST EN 1824:2011
EN 1824:2011 (E) 15 Annex A (normative)
Köppen classification A.1 Generalities The aim of this annex is to determine in which climatic area belongs a test field using the Köppen classification system. The Köppen Climate Classification System is the most widely used for classifying the world's climates. It defines six major climate types based on annual and monthly averages of temperature and precipitation. Each type is designated by a capital letter (A, B, C, D, E and H). Further sub-types, designated by a second lower case letter (f, m, s or w), were established to distinguish specific seasonal characteristics of temperature and precipitation. To further denote variations in climate a third lower letter (a, b, c, d, h or k) was added. A.2 to A.5 present the different steps that shall be used to determine the Köppen climate type from meteorological data measured closed to the test field. Temperature and rainfall parameters have to be derived from the last 30 years. A.2 Step 1: Determine whether a climate is arid/semiarid (climate B) A.2.1 Determine the annual rainfall r (in mm) and the annual average temperature t (in °C). A.2.2 If r > 20 x (t+14) it is not a climate B. Go to A.3. A.2.3 Determine the rainfall distribution. Then determine Bs, Bw or neither according to the criteria given in Table A.1 below. Table A.1 Rainfall Distribution Not a B climate Go to A.3 Bs (Semi-arid) Bw (Arid) 70% of rainfall in warmest 6 months r > 20 x (t+14) 10 x (t+14) < r < 20 x (t+14) r < 10 x (t+14) 70% of rainfall in coldest 6 months r > 20 x t 10 x t < r < 20 x t r <10 x t Even rainfall distribution (neither of above) r > 20 x (t+7) 10 x (t+7) < r < 20 x (t+7) r <10 x (t+7) A.3 Step 2: If not a B Climate, identify the climate as A, C, D or E according to temperature data The climate is determined according to temperature of coldest (tmin) and/or warmest month (tmax). A.3.1 if tmin> 18°C, it is an A climate; A.3.2 if - 3° ≤ tmin ≤ 18°C and tmax > 10°C, it is a C climate; A.3.3 if tmin < - 3°C and tmax > 10°C, it is a D climate; SIST EN 1824:2011
EN 1824:2011 (E) 16 A.3.4 if tmax < 10°C, it is a E climate. A.4 Step 3: After identifying A, Bs, Bw, C, D or E, determine the climate subcategories A.4.1 A climates Consider the average rainfall of the driest month rmin (in mm): if rmin ≥ 60 m, it is a f subcategory; if rmin < 60 mm and rmin > 100 – (r/25), it is an m subcategory;
if it is not a f or m subcategory, it is a w subcategory.
A.4.2 B climates Consider the average annual temperature t:
if t ≥ 18°C m, it is a h subcategory; if t < 18°C, it is a k subcategory. A.4.3 C or D climates Consider the highest and lowest average rainfall for summer months rmax(summer), rmin(summer), and the highest and lowest average rainfall for winter months rmax(winter), rmin(winter). if rmax(summer) ≥ 10 x rmin(winter), it is a w subcategory; if rmax(winter) ≥ 3 x rmin(summer), it is a s subcategory; if it is not a w or s subcategory, it is a f subcategory
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
kSIST FprEN 1824:2010
01-december-2010
0DWHULDOL]DR]QDþHYDQMHYR]LãþD7HUHQVNLSUHVNXVL
Road marking materials - Road trials
Straßenmarkierungsmaterialien - Feldprüfungen
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: FprEN 1824 rev
ICS:
93.080.20 Materiali za gradnjo cest Road construction materials
kSIST FprEN 1824:2010 en,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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kSIST FprEN 1824:2010
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kSIST FprEN 1824:2010
EUROPEAN STANDARD
FINAL DRAFT
FprEN 1824
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
October 2010
ICS 93.080.20 Will supersede EN 1824:1998
English Version
Road marking materials - Road trials
Produits de marquage routier - Essais routiers Straßenmarkierungsmaterialien - Feldprüfungen
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for unique acceptance procedure. It has been drawn up by the Technical
Committee CEN/TC 226.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to
provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. FprEN 1824:2010: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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kSIST FprEN 1824:2010
FprEN 1824:2010(E)
Contents
Foreword . 3
1 Scope . 4
2 Normative references . 4
3 Terms and definitions . 4
4 Test sites and conditions . 4
5 Organization of road trials . 7
6 Application of road marking materials . 9
7 Measurements related to performance .11
8 Individual test report for road marking material.14
Annex A (normative) Köppen classification .15
Annex B (normative) Measurement of the number of wheel passages and the percentage of heavy
vehicles .17
Annex C (normative) Determination of the rate of application and the rate of consumption of material
during application .21
Annex D (normative) Drying time determination .24
Annex E (normative) Meteorological determinations during application .25
Annex F (normative) Removability .27
Annex G (normative) Determination of wear index .28
Annex H (informative) Model of test report .30
Bibliography .32
2
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kSIST FprEN 1824:2010
FprEN 1824:2010(E)
Foreword
This document (FprEN 1824:2010) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 226 “Road
equipment”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This document is currently submitted to the Unique Acceptance Procedure.
This document will supersede EN 1824:1998.
The Annexes A to G of this European Standard are normative and Annex H is informative.
This European Standard is one of a package of inter-related European Standards with a common date of
withdrawal (dow) fixed on December 2011 (including the request of an extension for the co-existence
period):
FprEN 1790, Road marking materials ― Preformed road markings,
FprEN 1824, Road marking materials ― Road trials,
FprEN 1871, Road marking materials ― Physical properties,
FprEN 12802, Road marking materials ― Laboratory methods for identification,
FprEN 13197, Road marking materials ― Turntable wear simulators,
FprEN 13212, Road marking materials ― Requirements for factory production control,
FprEN 13459, Road marking materials ― Sampling and testing.
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1 Scope
This document specifies the requirements for conducting road trials for road marking materials intended for
use in both permanent and temporary road marking. Details are given for test sites, for the application of
road marking materials on the test sites, for the parameters to be measured and the frequency of the
measurements and for the presentation of the results in the form of a test report.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 1436, Road marking materials ― Road marking performance for road users
EN 13036-1, Road and airfield surface characteristics ― Test methods ― Part 1: Measurement of pavement
surface macrotexture depth using a volumetric patch technique
3 Terms and definitions
For the purpose of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
roll-over
number of wheels passing over a point of a road surface within a specified period of time
3.2
useful rate of application
quantity, expressed in g.m-2, of drop-on and/or non-drop materials which have adhered to the road marking
substrate, when lines are done
3.3
rate of consumption during application
quantity, expressed in g.m-2, of drop-on or injection materials at the exit of the guns of the application
equipment
3.4
percentage of heavy vehicles
ratio between the number of heavy vehicles and the number of all vehicles circulating on the test site
4 Test sites and conditions
4.1 General
Test sites shall be arranged at suitable locations in accordance with 4.2 to 4.5. The test results may depend
on test field location, climate, road surface and traffic which shall be described according to 4.2 to 4.6.
4.2 Test sites characteristics and location
The test site shall be located in an area which belongs to one of the climatic classes defined in 4.3.
The test site shall consist of a field, where the road marking materials are to be applied, with extra space at
both ends. The roads used for test sites should be straight and flat and without junctions, substantial
obstacles to daylight, sources of frequent dirt (quarries, field exits, etc.) or tracked vehicles.
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NOTE It is desirable to have additional areas at the roadsides in order to allow safe working conditions and
convenient operation of application with road marking equipment.
The percentage of heavy vehicles on the test site shall be 10 % to 25 % of all vehicles.
The location of the test site shall be indicated in the test report.
4.3 Climatic conditions and classes
Climatic classes (see Table 1) are defined according to the Köppen classification and the use of winter
maintenance.
Köppen classification shall be determined according to Annex A.
Winter maintenance is defined by the number of times that snowplough have operated on the test field
during the road trials. Winter maintenance is applicable if this number is equal to or greater than 20 and shall
be considered only for the Köppen zone Cfb.
Table 1 – Test Field climatic classes
Climatic Class Climatic zone according to Köppen
Dfc
C1
E
C2 Cfb without Winter maintenance
Cfb with Winter maintenance
C3 Dfb
Dsb
Csa
Bsh
C4
Cfa
Csb
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4.4 Road surface conditions and classes
Road trials shall be carried out on asphaltic road surfaces of an age of 1 year or more, which are in good
condition and not in need of repair for the duration of the road trials and are not damaged by the presence of
wheel tracks, fissures, cracks or similar. Highly porous surfaces shall be avoided.
NOTE 1 Road trials on cement concrete surfaces do not give repeatable results because of on-going chemical
reactions.
NOTE 2 Road trials on highly porous surfaces do not give comparable results due to the draining properties.
At the commencement of a road trial, a road surface report of the road trial shall be available. The test
surface report shall include a general description of the road surface and an account of the texture depth
(MTD: mean texture depth), determined in accordance with EN 13036-1.
The MTD shall be measured at several locations on the test field. The number of measurements depends on
the test field length. Measurements shall be carried out, at least, at three transversal locations and repeated
every 30 m on the test field. The transversal measurements locations are in the centre of the carriageway,
near the right and left edge line.
The averaged mean texture depth is derived from these measurements. The standard deviation shall be less
than 0,15 mm.
NOTE 3 The averaged texture depth may also be directly determined in accordance with EN ISO 13473-1.
Depending to the averaged measured texture depth, the test field roughness is described in term of roughness class
according to Table 2.
Table 2 – Test field roughness classes
Roughness class Averaged measured texture depth
RG1 ≤ 0,60 mm
RG2 > 0,60 mm and ≤ 0,90 mm
RG3
> 0,90 mm and ≤ 1,20 mm
RG4 > 1,20 mm
NOTE 4 The texture depth has an influence on the result of road trials, at least for materials applied in thin layers.
4.5 Roll-over classes
The volume of traffic shall be such as to ensure that one or more measurement areas with the desired
roll-over class can be selected (see 7.2).
At the termination of a road trial, a traffic report for the duration of the road trial should be made available.
The traffic report shall include the roll-over classes according to Table 3, determined on the measurement
area(s) in accordance with Annex B.
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Table 3 – Roll-over classes
Roll-over class Number of wheel passages
T0
≤ 50 000
T1 Between 50 000 and 60 000
T2
100 000 ± 20 %
P0
≤ 50 000
P1 Between 50 000 and 60 000
P2 100 000 ± 20 %
P3
200 000 ± 20 %
P4 500 000 ± 20 %
1 000 000 ± 20 %
P5
P5.5
1 500 000 ± 10 %
P6
2 000 000 ± 10 %
NOTE The roll-over classes T0, T1 and T2 are for materials intended for temporary road markings, while the
roll-over classes P0 to P6 are for materials intended for permanent road markings.
The traffic report should further include the percentage of heavy vehicles together with an indication of the
counting method used.
A vehicle is considered a heavy vehicle if its maximum gross mass is above 7500 kg.
4.6 Studded tyres classes
For road trial sites where studded tyres are used to a significant degree, this shall be indicated on the test
report.
NOTE From general experience, such traffic conditions can be relevant to the erosion of road markings.
5 Organization of road trials
5.1 Duration
A road trial shall include at least one full climatic cycle of one year for materials intended for permanent road
marking and up to 6 months for materials intended for temporary road marking.
In some cases, test markings may fall below the performance requirements of the road authority. In these
cases, it may be necessary for the markings to be removed.
5.2 Transverse and longitudinal application patterns
5.2.1 General
Road marking materials shall be applied in patterns of lines either transverse or longitudinal to the road.
When a long (more than 40 cm) measurement area is necessary, the transverse pattern cannot be used.
When both the transverse and longitudinal patterns are used on the same test site, they shall be used on
separate parts of that test site.
5.2.2 Transverse pattern
At least three lines shall be applied for each road marking material. The distance between two adjacent lines
should be at least 0,35 m and the width at least 0,15 m as shown in Figure 1. The application could be done
across one or two lanes.
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NOTE Lines of the same material need not be adjacent.
Key
1 edge line 5 measurement areas
2 Lane 2 6 axis of measurement column
3 Lane 1 7 measurement column
4 road marking material in test 8 measurement points for determination of the
number of wheel passages
Figure 1 – Example of a transverse pattern showing a measurement column
5.2.3 Longitudinal pattern
Lines are applied in transverse rows and longitudinal columns. For each of the road marking materials there
shall be one line in each column containing measurement areas (see 7.2.2.3).
The lines should be at least 0,13 m wide and at least 1 m long as shown in Figure 2. Unmarked space
between the lines is a minimum of 0,5 m in the longitudinal direction.
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Key
1 6 columns 5 axis of measurement column
2 centre line 6 Measurement areas
3 Lane 1 7 Measurement point for the determination of the
number of wheel passages
4 edge line
Figure 2 – Example of a longitudinal pattern showing a measurement column
6 Application of road marking materials
6.1 General
In case of longitudinal pattern, the application shall be done in the direction of the traffic.
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NOTE The test results depend on various factors related to the application of the road marking materials, i.e.
application method, quantities applied, weather conditions, etc.
6.2 Periods for application
Road marking materials shall be applied when the weather conditions are as defined in 6.2.
NOTE The participating parties can agree to include one or more periods for application. One period can, for
instance, be for materials intended for use as temporary road markings and another for materials intended for use as
permanent road markings. There are practical advantages to having the period(s) as short as possible.
For temporary road marking materials, the application period shall be such that the required number of wheel
passages is obtained, and the subsequent measurements carried out, prior to or after winter conditions.
6.3 Conditions suitable for application
Conditions shall be deemed suitable when:
a) the road surface appears to be dry and dew is not being formed;
b) the road surface temperature is within limits agreed upon by the participating parties;
c) the wind speed is less than the maximum agreed upon by the participating parties.
Special road marking materials can be applied in other weather conditions, which shall be noted in the
individual test report (see Clause 8).
EXAMPLE The road surface temperature is at least 3 °C above the dew point of the air, the road surface
-1
temperature is between 10 °C and 50 °C and the maximum wind speed is less than 10 m·s .
6.4 Technical specification for application
Prior to the commencement of the road trials, the applicant shall submit to the test authority the application
instructions of the road marking material.
NOTE 1 The application instructions will include preparation methods (such as how to melt a thermoplastic material),
what type of application to use (e.g. extrusion of a thermoplastic material), any particular road marking equipment
required, the pattern of application (e.g. plain or a certain type of structure), the rate(s) of application (in grams per
square metre), what drop-on materials to add, their rate(s) of application and the method to use.
Whenever possible the road marking material shall be applied using self-propelled road marking equipment,
and drop-on materials shall be applied mechanically.
NOTE 2 Most materials, except preformed materials, can be applied using self-propelled road marking equipment;
this ensures better repeatability of the application.
NOTE 3 The road marking equipment used can either be those put to general commercial use or special road
marking equipment. The road marking equipment can be operated by the usual crews or by staff at the test site.
If the test authority and the applicant agree to test road marking equipment prior to the application of a road
marking material, the rate of application of marking materials and of drop-on materials shall be adjusted and
the rate of application applied verified in accordance with Annex C. A road marking equipment shall be
rejected if any of three rates of application applied in three successive test runs deviates more than 20 %
from the average rate of application.
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6.5 Sampling and measurements
6.5.1 Sampling
When samples are required for identification or other purposes, each road marking material, all the
components of a multiple component material, and drop-on materials shall be taken into account.
NOTE 1 For certification purposes, sampling will be done by test laboratory.
NOTE 2 For materials used in more than one application, it is not necessary to sample every application.
NOTE 3 The participating parties can agree to include further specifications for sampling, such as quantities to
sample.
NOTE 4 If diluents are allowed and used for the application, the rate of dilution will be verified sampling materials both
from the original container and from the tank.
6.5.2 Measurement of drying time and weather conditions
When required by the participating parties, the drying time shall be measured for paints and cold plastics.
The drying time shall be determined in accordance with Annex D for every line that contains a measurement
area (see 7.2) for further measurements.
The drying time shall be reported together with an account of the weather conditions, including the ambient
temperature, the road surface temperature, the relative air humidity and the wind speed as measured during
application in accordance with Annex E.
6.5.3 Determination of the useful rate(s) of application and the rate(s) of consumption during
application
During the application of a road marking material, the useful rates of application of the material and of any
drop-on or non drop-on material shall be determined in accordance with Annex C. When the rate(s) of
consumption of material(s) during application are also required, they should be also determined in
accordance with Annex C.
NOTE The participating parties can agree to include a criterion for the acceptability of the application of a road
marking material. For example, the application is rejected if any of the rates of application from the different lines
deviates more than 10 % from the average rate of application, or if the average rate of application deviates more than, for
example, 15 % from the rate of application given in the specification for the material.
7 Measurements related to performance
7.1 General
Test lines shall only be washed when it is necessary to do so and by agreements between the participating
parties. Washing shall be with a soft brush using clear water. The performance shall be then determined
once the product is dry. When test lines have been washed, it shall be indicated on the test report.
7.2 Parameters
The following parameters are relevant to this document:
a) coefficient of retroreflected luminance, R dry;
L
b) coefficient of retroreflected luminance, R wet;
L
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c) coefficient of retroreflected luminance, R during rain;
L
d) luminance coefficient in diffuse illumination, Qd;
e) colour: luminance factor, β, and x,y chromaticity co-ordinates;
f) skid resistance, SRT value;
g) removability (only for removable temporary materials); may be measured if required for informative
purpose only;
h) wear index may be measured if required for informative purpose only.
The parameters a) to f) are defined in EN 1436 and shall be measured in accordance with that standard.
If required, removability shall be measured in accordance with Annex F.
If required, wear index shall be measured in accordance with Annex G.
NOTE 1 For road surfaces with texture depth greater than 1,5 mm, the determination of wear index is irrelevant.
NOTE 2 The participating parties can agree which parameters to measure on the basis of the intended use of the
road marking materials.
7.3 Measurement areas
7.3.1 Roll-over classes
One or more measurement areas shall be defined in terms of roll-over in accordance with Table 3 taking into
account the periodicity of measurements (see 7.6).
7.3.2 Position
7.3.2.1 Roll-over
The roll-overs shall be determined in accordance with Annex B.
7.3.2.2 Transverse pattern
When introducing a measurement area, wide column along the road shall be selected (see Figure 1) so that
points within the column are expected to have as close to the desired number of wheel passages as
possible. The width of the column shall be at least 0,15 m and not exceed 0,4 m.
The measurement area shall consist of at least two lines of the same road marking material.
7.3.2.3 Longitudinal pattern
When introducing a measurement area, a 0,15 m wide column along the road shall be selected (see
Figure 2) so that points within the column lie within longitudinal lines and have as close to the desired
number of wheel passages as possible.
The measurement area shall consist of at least 1 m of one line of one road marking material (see Figure 2).
7.4 Direction of measurements
For transverse pattern, measurements shall be carried out in the direction of the application excepted SRT
which shall be determined in the direction of the traffic.
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For longitudinal pattern, measurements shall be carried out in the direction of the application.
7.5 Number of measurements in the measurement area
One measurement shall be conducted for each of a number of measurement points evenly distributed across
the measurement area. The result shall be expressed as the average value for the different measurement
points.
In the transverse pattern, a measurement area consists of at least two parts. The measuring points shall be
divided equally between each part.
For colour, β, R (dry, wet, during rain), skid resistance and Qd measurement shall be carried out according
L
to EN 1436. For R (dry, wet or/and during rain) and Qd use a number of measuring locations to provide a
L
total minimum measured surface area of 400 cm². For colour and luminance factor, use a number of
measuring locations to provide a total minimum measured surface area of 25 cm².
For skid resistance at least two points shall be selected.
For removability it shall be tested for two of the lines on the transverse pattern, and for the first half of a line
in the longitudinal pattern in accordance with Annex F.
7.6 Periodicity of measurements
The parameters shall be measured as shown in Table 4 (marked ‘+’).
Table 4 – Periodicity of measurements
Initial measurements
a
Measurements shall be taken
Retained
Retained
after a minimum of 3 days after
measurements
application and before a measurements
Parameter After one or more full
c
maximum of Before 6 months
d
climatic cycle
b
14 days and following (temporary only)
(permanent only)
exposure to traffic (permanent
and temporary)
R
L (in dry, wet and
under rain
+ + +
condition when
relevant)
Q
+ + +
d
Colour + + +
SRT + + +
Removability +
NOTE Other measuring periods can be used in field trials with special purposes.
a
On one measurement area only, preferably the one with most traffic.
b
This limit can be extended to 30 days after application in case of justified problem like major meteorological perturbations.
c
On measurement areas with roll-overs T0 T1 and T2 in accordance with Clause 7.
,
d
On measurement areas with roll-overs P0, P1, P2, P3 P4, P5, P5.5 and P6 in accordance with Clause 7. A full climatic cycle is
always 12 months.
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8 Individual test report for road marking material
The individual test report for a road marking material shall at least include:
product name and similar general information;
intended use of the material;
technical data for application and removability including technical specifications for materials, road
marking equipment used, drying time and rates of application (see Clause 6);
results of measurement (see Clause 7);
summary of climatic, traffic and road surface conditions for the test site and its location according to
Clause 4;
% of heavy vehicle (informative).
NOTE 1 It may be appropriate to attach to the individual test report, the general report for the test site (see Clause 4).
NOTE 2 A model of an individual test report is given in Annex H.
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Annex A
(normative)
Köppen classification
A.1 Generalities
The aim of this annex is to determine in which climatic area belongs a test field using the Köppen
classification system.
The Köppen Climate Classification System is the most widely used for classifying the world's climates. It
defines six major climate types based on annual and monthly averages of temperature and precipitation.
Each type is designated by a capital letter (A, B, C, D, E and H).
Further sub-types, designated by a second lower case letter (f, m, s or w), were established to distinguish
specific seasonal characteristics of temperature and precipitation.
To further denote variations in climate a third lower letter (a, b, c, d, h or k) was added.
A.2 to A.5 present the different steps that shall be used to determine the Köppen climate type from
meteorological data measured closed to the test field. Temperature and rainfall parameters have to be
derived from the last 30 years.
A.2 Step 1: Determine whether a climate is arid/semiarid (climate B)
A.2.1 Determine the annual rainfall r (in mm) and the annual average temperature t (in °C).
A.2.2 If r > 20 x (t+14) it is not a climate B. Go to A.3.
A.2.3 Determine the rainfall distribution. Then determine Bs, Bw or neither according to the criteria given in
Table A.1 below.
Table A.1
Not a B climate Go to
Rainfall Distribution Bs (Semi-arid) Bw (Arid)
A.3
70% of rainfall in warmest 6
r > 20 x (t+14) 10 x (t+14) < r < 20 x (t+14) r < 10 x (t+14)
months
70% of rainfall in coldest 6
r > 20 x t 10 x t < r < 20 x t r <10 x t
months
Even rainfall distribution
r > 20 x (t+7) 10 x (t+7) < r < 20 x (t+7) r <10 x (t+7)
(neither of above)
A.3 Step 2: If not a B Climate, identify the climate as A, C, D or E according to
temperature data
The climate is determined according to temperature of coldest (t ) and/or warmest month (t ).
min max
A.3.1 if t > 1
...
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