oSIST prEN 12453:2005

Industrial, commercial and garage doors and gates - Safety in use of power operated doors - Requirements

1.1 General This standard specifies the performance requirements in regard of the safety in use for any type of power operated
doors, gates and barriers intended for installation in areas in the reach of persons, and for which the main intended uses are giving safe access for goods and vehicles accompanied or driven by persons in industrial, commercial or residential premises. 1.2 Exclusions
It does not apply to - lock gates and dock gates; - doors on lifts; - doors on vehicles; - armoured doors; - doors mainly for the retention of animals; - theatre textile curtains; - horizontally moving doors < 2,5 m wide and 6,25 m² area, designed principally for pedestrian use;
- revolving doors of any size; - doors outside the reach of people (such as crane gantry fences); - railway barriers; - barriers used solely for vehicles. 1.3 Specific applications Doors, gates and barriers can be of sliding, sidefolding, tilting, pivoting, rolling, vertical lifting and other types with many variances for each type. If not specified otherwise, the word "door" refers to any of these types and variances of doors, gates and barriers. In the following, a power-operated door is considered as a whole. Nevertheless such a door can be the result of
the implementation of a drive unit onto a manual door. In that case, this standard is applicable for the completed final installation.
Requirements for specific characteristics (such as fire resistance, blast-resistance, acoustic, escape route function, burglar resistance or thermal insulation, etc.) which certain doors are required to comply with, are notspecified in this standard. If the specifications of a standard on the special characteristics of such doors are in conflict with the requirements of this standard, that standard has preference.

Tore - Nutzungssicherheit kraftbetätigter Tore - Anforderungen

Diese Dokument legt die Sicherheitsanforderungen hinsichtlich der Nutzungssicherheit für alle Arten von kraftbetätigten Toren und Schranken bzw. deren Bauteilen fest, die für den Einbau in Zugangsbereichen von Personen vorgesehen sind, und deren hauptsächliche Verwendung darin besteht, eine sichere Zufahrt für Waren und Fahrzeuge, geführt oder gesteuert von Personen, in industriellen, gewerblichen oder Wohnanlagen zu ermöglichen.
Dieses Dokument behandelt ferner gewerbliche Tore, wie Rollläden und Rollgitter, die in Einzelhandelseinrichtungen eingesetzt werden und die hauptsächlich für den Zugang von Personen und nicht für Fahrzeuge oder Waren dienen.
Das vorliegende Dokument behandelt alle in Anhang C aufgeführten signifikanten Gefährdungen, gefährliche Situationen und Vorkommnisse im Zusammenhang mit kraftbetätigten Toren und Schranken.
1.2   Ausnahmen
Das Dokument gilt nicht für:
-   Schleusen- und Hafentore;
-   Aufzugstüren oder -tore;
-   Türen in Fahrzeugen;
-   Tresortüren;
-   Türen und Tore zum Einsperren von Tieren;
-   textile Theatervorhänge;
-   sich waagerecht bewegende Torflügel mit einer Breite von weniger als 2,5 m und einer Fläche von weniger als 6,25 m2, die hauptsächlich für die Nutzung durch Fußgänger vorgesehen sind;
-   Karusselltüren jeglicher Größe;
-   Türen oder Tore außerhalb der Reichweite von Personen (z. B. Krantore);
-   Eisenbahnschranken;
-   ausschließlich für Fahrzeuge verwendete Schranken.
Dieses Dokument gilt nicht für Tore und Schranken, die vor dem Veröffentlichungsdatum dieses Dokuments durch CEN hergestellt wurden.
1.3   Besondere Anwendungen
Tore und Schranken können mit Schiebe-, Falt-, Kipp-, Dreh-, Roll-, Hubflügelfunktion und in anderer Art mit vielen Varianten jeden Typs ausgeführt sein. Sofern nicht anders festgelegt, bezieht sich der Begriff "Tor" auf jede dieser Arten und Varianten von Türen, Toren und Schranken.
Im Folgenden wird ein kraftbetätigtes Tor als Gesamtheit angesehen. Ein Tor kann jedoch auch das Ergebnis eine

Portes et portails industriels, commerciaux et de garage - Sécurité a l'utilisation des portes motorisées - Exigences

Vrata v industrijske in javne prostore ter garažna vrata - Varnost pri uporabi pogonskega mehanizma - Zahteve

General Information

• Status: Not Published
• ICS: 91.060.50 - Doors and windows
• ICS: 91.090 - External structures
• Technical Committee: ISTP - Doors and windows
• Current Stage: 98 - Abandoned project (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 22-Nov-2013
• Due Date: 27-Nov-2013
• Completion Date: 22-Nov-2013
• Directive: 2006/42/EC - Directive 2006/42/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 May 2006 on machinery, and amending Directive 95/16/EC (recast)
• Directive: 89/106/EEC - Construction products
• Directive: 98/37/EC - Machinery
• Mandate: M/079 - Mandate to CEN and CENELEC for standardization in the field of machines
• Mandate: M/396 - Mandate to CEN and Cenelec for standardisation in the field of machinery
• Ref Project: prEN 12453 - Industrial, commercial and garage doors and gates - Safety in use of power operated doors - Requirements

Relations

• Revised: SIST EN 12453:2001 - Industrial, commercial and garage doors and gates - Safety in use of power operated doors - Requirements
• Effective Date: 08-Jun-2022
• Revised: SIST EN 12453:2001 - Industrial, commercial and garage doors and gates - Safety in use of power operated doors - Requirements
• Effective Date: 22-Dec-2008

Overview

oSIST prEN 12453:2005 is a draft European standard developed by CEN/TC 33 that specifies safety requirements for power operated industrial, commercial, and garage doors and gates. Its primary focus is to ensure safe use in environments accessible to people, where doors are used for the passage of goods, vehicles, and pedestrians in industrial, commercial, or residential settings. The standard addresses significant hazards associated with powered door operation, while excluding certain door types such as lift doors, vehicle doors, and armoured doors.

This document aims to guide manufacturers, installers, and safety authorities in designing and verifying power operated doors to meet stringent safety performance criteria. It is intended to supersede the previous EN 12453:2000 and aligns with relevant machinery safety directives for compliance across Europe.

Key Topics

• Scope and Application:

  • Covers sliding, sidefolding, tilting, pivoting, rolling, and vertically lifting doors, gates, and barriers.
  • Applies to doors intended to safely allow access for vehicles and people in industrial, commercial, and residential premises.
  • Excludes specific door types such as lock gates, dock gates, lift doors, theatre curtains, revolving doors, and doors outside human reach.

• Safety Hazards Addressed:

  • Crushing, shearing, and drawing-in points near moving parts or closing edges.
  • Risks from doors that lift persons, particularly upwards opening doors capable of lifting adults or children.
  • Impact hazards caused by the door leaf’s movement.
  • Electric shock, fire, hydraulic or pneumatic system failures related to the drive system.
  • Manual operation hazards including unintentional power operation or improper manual release.
  • Risks due to malfunctioning locking devices or mechanical failures.

• Risk Reduction and Protective Measures:

  • Implementation of inherent protective equipment integrated with drive units.
  • Safety distances and guards to prevent access to hazardous zones.
  • Verification of mechanical strength and endurance in components and installation.
  • Clear marking, user instructions, and maintenance planning to sustain safety performance.

• Normative References:
  The standard incorporates relevant European safety and testing standards such as EN 294, EN 349, EN 418, EN 954-1, EN 12978, EN 60335-2-95, and others focused on machinery safety and electrical appliance safety for doors and gates.

Applications

The oSIST prEN 12453:2005 safety requirements are critical for a variety of power operated door applications including:

• Industrial Facilities:
  Power operated doors and gates providing access for goods vehicles and personnel in factories, warehouses, and logistics centers. Focus on robustness and protection against mechanical and electrical hazards.

• Commercial Buildings:
  Roller shutters, rolling grilles, and automated gates used in retail premises and parking garages, where pedestrian safety and anti-intrusion are essential.

• Residential Properties:
  Domestic garage door installations powered to offer ease of use while ensuring user safety, especially in environments with children or elderly occupants.

• Public and Shared Spaces:
  Doors in areas accessible to the general public or vulnerable users require special attention to risk reduction through safe design and clear operational instructions.

This standard assists manufacturers and installers in achieving compliance that reduces injury risks arising from automated door operation, facilitating safer building access and logistics operations.

Related Standards

• EN 12433-1 and EN 12433-2: Terminology for types and parts of industrial, commercial, and garage doors.
• prEN 12445: Test methods for safety in use of power operated doors.
• prEN 12604: Mechanical aspects and requirements of doors and gates.
• EN 12978: Requirements and test methods for safety devices on doors and gates.
• EN 60335-2-95 and EN 60335-2-103: Safety requirements for electrical drives of doors and gates in domestic and commercial use.
• EN 294 and EN 349: Safety distances and minimum gaps to prevent body parts reaching hazardous zones.
• Machinery Directive 98/37/EC: Regulatory framework for machinery safety compliance in the EU.

Adhering to oSIST prEN 12453:2005 alongside these related standards helps ensure power operated doors are designed, installed, and maintained with the highest safety standards, reducing risks to users, operators, and property.

---

Keywords: Industrial doors safety, power operated doors, commercial gates standards, garage door safety, CEN oSIST prEN 12453:2005, automated door hazards, European door safety requirements, safety in use of power operated gates, machinery directive compliance, door safety testing, safety distances, protective devices for doors.

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-maj-2005
Vrata v industrijske in javne prostore ter garažna vrata - Varnost pri uporabi
pogonskega mehanizma - Zahteve
Industrial, commercial and garage doors and gates - Safety in use of power operated
doors - Requirements
Tore - Nutzungssicherheit kraftbetätigter Tore - Anforderungen
Portes et portails industriels, commerciaux et de garage - Sécurité a l'utilisation des
portes motorisées - Exigences
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 12453
ICS:
91.060.50 Vrata in okna Doors and windows
91.090 Konstrukcije zunaj stavb External structures
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
DRAFT
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
March 2005
ICS Will supersede EN 12453:2000
English version
Industrial, commercial and garage doors and gates - Safety in
use of power operated doors - Requirements
Portes et portails industriels, commerciaux et de garage - Tore - Nutzungssicherheit kraftbetätigter Tore -
Sécurité à l'utilisation des portes motorisées - Exigences Anforderungen
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 33.

If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.

This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same
status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36  B-1050 Brussels
© 2005 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 12453:2005: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
Foreword.3
Introduction .4
1 Scope .5
2 Normative references .6
3 Terms and definitions .7
4 List of significant hazards .7
5 Safety requirements and/or protective measures.10
6 Marking .20
7 Instructions for use .20
8 Verification of the safety requirements .22
Annex A (normative) Limitation of forces .23
A.1 Specifications.23
A.2 Admissible dynamic forces .24
A.2.1 Admissible dynamic force .24
A.2.2 Admissible static force .24
Annex B (informative) Examples of hazardous locations .25
Annex C (normative) List of hazards, hazardous situations and hazardous events.26
Annex D (informative) Examples of mechanical protection and safety distances .28
D.1 Examples of guards.28
D.2 Examples of appropriate safety clearances and safety distances.29
Annex E (informative) Relationship between requirements for safety in use and relevant test
methods .32
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Document and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC .33
Bibliography .34

Foreword
This document (prEN 12453:2005) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 33 “Doors, windows,
shutters, building hardware and curtain walling”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 12453:2000.
Introduction
This document is a type C document as stated in EN 1070.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered are
indicated in the scope of this document.
When provisions of this type C document are different from those which are stated in type A or B documents,
the provisions of this type C document take precedence over the provisions of the other documents, for
machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C document.
This document has been prepared to meet the needs of manufacturers, users and safety enforcement
authorities, with the primary purpose of providing design and performance for safety in use of power operated
industrial, commercial and garage doors and gates used by vehicular and pedestrian traffic.
With the aim of clarifying the intention of this document and avoiding doubts when reading it, it was assumed
when producing it that negotiation occurred between the manufacturer and the professional installer
concerning:
 components to be kept in good repair or working order
 negotiation between the manufacturer and the user concerning the specificity of the use, the intended
users and place of use of the door
 all parts of door installations, whether fixed or moving, including the fixing and assembling means, to be in
all respects of good construction, suitable material, adequate strength and free from obvious defects for
their intended working life
 the design to be in accordance with European technical rules taking into account the most unfavourable
static and dynamic forces occurring during the operation and all failure modes.
For the purpose of this document it is assumed that manually operated balanced doors with an out of balance
of not more than 150 N are fully manual doors (and out of the scope of the Machinery Directive).
1 Scope
1.1 General
This document specifies the safety requirements in regard of the safety in use for any type of power operated
doors, gates and barriers or their components intended for installation in areas in the reach of people and for
which the main intended uses are giving safe access for goods and vehicles accompanied or driven by
persons in industrial, commercial and residential premises.
This document also covers commercial doors such as rolling shutters and rolling grilles used in retail premises
which are mainly provided for the access of persons rather than vehicles or goods.
This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to the power
operation of doors, gates and barriers, as identified in Annex C.
1.2 Exclusions
It does not apply to
 lock gates and dock gates;
 doors on lifts;
 doors on vehicles;
 armoured doors;
 doors mainly for the retention of animals;
 theatre textile curtains;
 horizontally moving doors less than 2,5 m wide and 6,25 m area, designed principally for pedestrian use;
 revolving doors of any size;
 doors outside the reach of people (such as crane gantry fences);
 railway barriers;
 barriers used solely for vehicles.
Also this document does not apply to power operated doors, gates and barriers which are manufactured
before the date of publication of this document by CEN.
1.3 Specific applications
Doors, gates and barriers can be of sliding, sidefolding, tilting, pivoting, rolling, vertical lifting and other types
with many variances for each type. If not specified otherwise, the word “door” refers to any of these types and
variances of doors, gates and barriers.
In the following, a power-operated door is considered as a whole. Nevertheless such a door can be the result
of the implementation of a drive unit onto a manual door. In that case, this document is applicable for the
completed final installation.
Requirements for specific characteristics (such as fire resistance, blast-resistance, acoustic, escape route
function, burglar resistance or thermal insulation, etc.) which certain doors are required to comply with, are not
specified in this document. If the specifications of a standard on the special characteristics of such doors are
in conflict with the requirements of this document, that standard has preference.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 294, Safety of machinery — Safety distances to prevent danger zones being reached by the upper limbs.
EN 349, Safety of machinery — Minimum gaps to avoid crushing of parts of the human body.
EN 418, Safety of machinery — Emergency stop equipment, functional aspects — Principles for design.
EN 954-1, Safety of Machinery — Safety related parts of control systems — Part 1: General principle for
design.
EN 982, Safety of machinery — Safety requirements for fluid power systems and their components —
Hydraulics.
EN 983, Safety of machinery — Safety requirements for fluid power systems and their components —
Pneumatics.
EN 1070, Safety of machinery — Terminology.
EN 12433-1, Industrial, commercial and garage doors and gates — Terminology — Part 1: Types of doors.
EN 12433-2, Industrial, commercial and garage doors and gates — Terminology — Part 2: Parts of doors.
prEN 12445:2005, Industrial, commercial and garage doors and gates — Safety in use of power operated
doors — Test methods.
prEN 12604:2005, Industrial, commercial and garage doors and gates — Mechanical aspects —
Requirements.
EN 12978:2003, Industrial, commercial and garage doors and gates — Safety devices — Requirements and
test methods.
EN 13241-1, Industrial, commercial and garage doors and gates — Product document –Part 1: products
without fire resistance or smoke control characteristics.
EN 60335-2-95:2001, Safety of household and similar electrical appliances — Part 2-95: Particular
requirements for drives for vertically moving garage doors for residential use (IEC 60335-2-95:1998, modified).
EN 60335-2-103:2003, Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-103: Particular
requirements for drives for gates, doors and windows (IEC 60335-2-103:2002);
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this European Standard, the terms and definitions given in EN 1070, EN 12433-1,
EN 12433-2 and EN 12978:2003 and the following apply.
NOTE Whenever the term “door” is used in this document, it shall be deemed to cover the full scope of types and
variances of doors, gates and barriers defined in EN 12433-1.
3.1
inherent protective equipment
protective equipment integrated into the drive system which is actuated by the variations of the input and/or
the output characteristics of the drive itself, in order to provide protection against hazards
3.2
domestic garage door
door used on a domestic garage which is provided for one single household only and where the door does not
protrude into a public area
4 List of significant hazards
4.1 General
This clause contains all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events, as far as they are dealt with
in this document, identified by risk assessment as significant for this type of machinery and which require
action to eliminate or reduce the risk.
As the main function of a door is to open up or close off an opening, the actual movement of the door can
produce hazardous situations for persons, goods and vehicles in the vicinity which by nature cannot all be
avoided by design.
The possible hazards are dependant on the condition of the door and the way the door is used.
When door and equipment are in working order and either used correctly (i.e. as specified by the
manufacturer in the instruction manual) or misused in a foreseeable manner, the significant hazards which
can be generated by a power operated door are listed in the normative annex C and detailed hereinafter.
4.1.1 Hazards caused by crushing, shearing and drawing-in points
A hazardous point is considered to exist up to a height of 2,5 m above the floor or any other permanent
access level, and when it occurs:
 between the main closing edge of any door and an opposing edge, and between secondary closing
edges of hinged, folding, tilting and sliding doors and opposing edges (e.g. see type a in Annex B);
 between closing edges and obstacles within the closing area of the leaf (e.g. see type b in Annex B);
 between leaves passing each other (e.g. see type c in Annex B);
 between leaves and the perimeter of openings in leaves and fixed parts in the vicinity (e.g. see type d in
Annex B);
 between gaps and openings of the leaf which change in their size during the leaf movement (e.g. see
type e in Annex B);
 at parts of the leaf which protrude;
 at moving parts of the drive which are capable of causing injury.
 at gaps (the physical configuration of which changes during the movement of the door) which are
accessible during the leaf movement.
4.1.2 Hazards caused when the door can lift persons
If a power operated door, which opens upwards, can lift an adult or a child, this can lead to a foreseeable
misuse which may create a dangerous situation, especially when the door is located in a public area.
Therefore, each time a door can give a person a lift, a danger point is considered to exist, irrespective of its
height above the floor, in the following locations:
 any gap between leaves and fixed parts in the vicinity
and
 in the neighbourhood of shafts or rising spindles of rolling doors.
4.1.3 Hazards caused by impact
Impacts between the moving door and a person may be dangerous because of the impact force from the door
leaf.
4.2 Hazards caused by the drive or the source of energy
The drive or the source of energy used for power operation may create hazards such as:
 electric shock;
 fire from overheating;
 bursting, due to hydraulic or pneumatic over pressure;
 failure of electrical, pneumatic and hydraulic equipment;
 over travel of the door leaf after the drive is switched off;
 safety device failure.
4.3 Manual operation
When a power operated door has to be moved manually (e.g. in case of power supply failure), hazardous
situations may exist when
 power operation can occur during manual operation;
 the manual operation handle or device is not properly shaped and/or located;
 the necessary manual effort is not related to the capability of the human body;
 kick-back can occur as a consequence of manual release operation.

4.4 Other hazards
In addition to the hazards described above, the following hazards which may occur due to particular site
requirements are likely to create dangerous situations:
4.4.1 Pass doors
When a pass door is fitted in the main door leaf, the power operation of the main door leaf whilst the pass
door is not in the closed position may lead to a dangerous situation.
4.4.2 Trapping
The hazard of being trapped in areas between power operated doors or in rooms where a power operated
door is the only means of escape, may exist.
NOTE The provision of safety distances to avoid crushing may have the effect of creating a room where trapping may
then occur.
4.4.3 Overrunning of leaf
When the door leaf of a power operated door can overrun its final positions, the leaf may then fall down, thus
creating a dangerous situation.
4.4.4 Hazards caused when the door is not in working order but used correctly
An abnormal state of the door may lead to an unintended movement of the door leaf which can create a
hazardous situation. In particular such a dangerous situation exists when
 leaves can jump out of the guides (e.g. guide-rails, slide-channel, hinges);
 a raised leaf can fall down unintentionally, even due to mechanical failure in door structure as well as in
the drive.
4.4.5 Hazards caused by the locking devices
Interaction of locking device and drive may result in a hazardous situation, e.g. mechanical damages,
derailment.
4.5 Influence of the type of use on the level of risk
The use and the location of the door and the type of door control may increase the level of risk created by
power operated doors.
Such factors increasing the level of risk are when:
 the intended user is public, or infirm, or elderly, or children;
 there is no possibility to instruct, train or supervise the door users;
 access is not restricted to persons who are the only ones allowed to operate the door (authorized
persons);
 a high number of persons may come in contact with the door;
 degree of automation is high;
 door opens directly onto a public area.
Vice versa, non automatic operated domestic garage doors used by one household only and which do not
protrude directly onto a public area are considered as doors with a reduced level of risk.
5 Safety requirements and/or protective measures
A power operated door shall comply with the safety requirements and/or protective measures of this clause. In
addition, the door shall be designed according to EN 13241-1 and to the principles of EN 292 for hazards
relevant but not significant, which are not dealt with by this document (e.g. sharp edges).
5.1 General
Hazardous situations as listed in 4 shall be avoided or safeguarded.
Safety measures specified in 5.1.1 to 5.1.3 to protect persons shall be considered sufficient to also protect
goods and vehicles.
5.1.1 Avoiding or safeguarding hazards caused by crushing, shearing and drawing-in points
All danger points as listed in 4.1.1 shall be avoided or safeguarded.
This can be achieved by one or a combination of the following measures:
 creating safety distances (see 5.1.1.1);
 installing guards such as enclosures, covers, enclosing guards, fixed protection leaves (see 5.1.1.2);
 shaping in a proper way any leaf surfaces and parts which protrude (see 5.1.1.3);
 operating the door in the hold to run control mode (see 5.1.1.4);
 limiting the forces generated by the door leaf when meeting a person or an obstacle (see 5.1.1.5);
 installing sensitive protective equipment (PSPE or ESPE) (see 5.1.1.6).
For domestic garage doors, it may be acceptable to safeguard only the main edge movement (see 5.5.2).
NOTE 5.5 specifies some combinations.
5.1.1.1 Safety distances
Crushing, shearing and drawing-in points are avoided if safety distances, which are related to the endangered
parts of the human body, are provided in accordance with EN 294 and EN 349.
When safety distances are dependant on the installation and the site conditions, the installation instructions
shall precisely describe the method of ensuring that the safety distances are effective after the installation is
completed.
Safety distances cannot be applied to the safeguarding of main closing edges.
NOTE D.2 contains examples for safety distances with the minimum dimensions.
5.1.1.2 Guards
Guards such as enclosures, covers, enclosing guards, fixed protective leaves (screens), shall be designed to
fulfil the following requirements:
 the danger points are safeguarded up to a height of 2,5 m above the floor or any other permanent access
level;
 they are firm and resilient in respect of their safety-related function;
 they can be loosened only by a tool;
 they do not create additional hazards
and
 they can not be easily defeated, bypassed or made ineffective.
NOTE D.1 contains some examples of guards.
5.1.1.3 Shaping of leaf surfaces and parts which project
Sharp edges shall be avoided in the design of the door leaf.
Protruding parts which may cause injuries shall be avoided in the design of the door leaf.
NOTE Injuries caused by protruding parts may be avoided, e.g. by suitable shaping or covering.
5.1.1.4 Hold-to-run-control
Hold-to-run-controls shall be designed and installed in order to fulfil the following requirements:
 the door leaf shall stop when the manual control device is released. The overrun distance of the door leaf,
after the control has been released, shall be not > 50 mm when the opening gap is ≤ 500 mm and not >
100 mm when the opening gap is > 500 mm. Alternatively the door leaf shall be fitted with a deformable
closing edge where the available deformation shall be more than the stopping distance which shall result
in a static force not greater than 150 N on a 80 mm diameter test piece;
 the leaf movement shall not be initiated by manual controls other than hold to run controls;
 the person controlling the door shall be in full view of the door and in the vicinity of the door during the
leaf movement and shall not be in a hazardous position himself;
NOTE 1 Remote control devices can be used as hold to run controls only if designed to meet the requirements
rd
specified in the 3 indent above.
NOTE 2 Control by means of a video camera is not considered to be in the vicinity of the door.
 the manual actuators shall meet the requirements of 5.2.8;
 the speed of the main edge shall be less than or equal to 0,5 m/s. In case of two main edges, e.g. bi-
folding doors, the speed of closing the gap shall not exceed 0,5 m/s;
 operation of the door by unauthorised persons, as specified in 5.5, shall be prevented either by technical
means or specific organisation.
If these requirements are fulfilled then other safety devices for safeguarding of crushing, shearing and
drawing-in points are not needed.
5.1.1.5 Limitation of forces
Forces shall be considered to be safe if the values specified in Annex A are not exceeded, when measured
according to prEN 12445:2005 with an instrument incorporating a spring through a plate of 80 mm diameter.
The spring shall have a spring ratio of 500 N/mm and the rising/falling time of the amplifier shall not be >5 ms.
5.1.1.5.1 Force limiting devices
When limitation of forces is achieved through protective equipment, such equipment shall be designed to meet
the requirements specified in 5.1.1.6 and in EN 12978:2003.
5.1.1.5.2 Safeguarding crushing points by force limitation
Crushing points may be safeguarded by limitation of the forces.
The reversing function, if provided, can be excluded as soon as the closing gap is <50 mm for a vertically
moving door and <25 mm for a horizontally moving door.
5.1.1.5.3 Safeguarding shearing points by force limitation
Shearing hazards occurring between secondary closing edges can be safeguarded by limitation of forces
measured at the secondary closing edges to less than 150 N static and less than 400 N dynamic in addition to
 either a distance of at least 25 mm between passing edges
 or the passing edges shall be provided with round edges with radius of at least 2 mm for each edge and a
combined radius (sum of the 2 radii) of at least 6 mm (e.g. at least 2 mm + 4 mm or 3 mm + 3 mm).
5.1.1.5.4 Safeguarding drawing-in points by force limitation
Drawing-in points cannot normally be safeguarded by limitation of forces only. Therefore, the values specified
in Annex A cannot be considered as relevant to the safeguarding of drawing-in points.
5.1.1.6 Sensitive protective equipment
In normal operation, pressure sensitive protective equipment (PSPE), electro-sensitive protective equipment
(ESPE) and inherent (built into the drive) protective equipment shall be designed so that
a) when they are in working order, they respond by giving an appropriate output signal(s)
 when part of a person is in the detection zone of the ESPE
or
 when a person applies the activating force at any point within the active area of the PSPE sensing
element
or
 when closing on a test piece positioned at any angle between 90° and 45° to the direction of the
motion on both sides of the door leaf if the signal from the sensing unit is within a specified signal
range for inherent systems (see Figure 1).
Key
1 Direction of motion
Figure 1 — Positioning of test piece
b) the control command for stopping the hazardous leaf movement (off state of the output signal switching
device) is maintained for so long as the protective device is actuated, or until a signal for reversing the
direction of movement of the door leaf is given;
c) a device will prevent forces delivered at any point of main and/or secondary edges from being beyond
those specified in Annex A, or will ensure that, in no circumstances, a person can be touched by the
moving door leaf. For PSPE, the forces can be exceeded for the extreme 30 mm of each end, but the
device shall remain active;
d) the danger points are safeguarded up to a height of 2,50 m above the floor in a way that unprotected
zones of the danger points do not remain;
e) if a single fault occurs in the components between the sensing unit and the door control (i.e.
interconnecting elements, control, monitoring function, OSSD), which prevents the control signal from
stopping the leaf movement:
 either they maintain their protective function if according to category 3 or 4 of EN 954-1;
or
 they are monitored according to category 2 of EN 954-1, with the acceptable deviation that the check
of the safety function can be done at the latest at one of the final end positions of the leaf, i.e. the
check need not take place before the hazardous leaf movement. If a fault is detected, an appropriate
signal shall initiate a command to prevent any further endangering leaf movement, or the control
shall switch over automatically to a hold-to-run control (see 5.1.1.4).
f) if a single fault occurs in the sensing unit preventing the control signal from stopping the leaf movement:
 either it maintains its protective function according to category 3 or 4 of EN 954-1
or
 it is monitored according to category 2 of EN 954-1, with the acceptable deviation that the check of a
signal from the sensing unit can be done at the latest at one of the final end positions of the leaf, i.e.
the check need not take place before the hazardous leaf movement. If a fault is detected, an
appropriate signal shall initiate a command to prevent any further endangering leaf movement, or the
control shall switch over automatically to a hold-to-run control (see 5.1.1.4). If not all possible
occurrence of non-active areas can be detected, periodic checks, at intervals not greater than six
months, covering the whole active area shall be specified in the maintenance instructions for the door.
g) they meet the requirements of EN 12978.
5.1.2 Safeguarding against hazards caused when doors can lift persons
Hazardous situations listed in 4.1.2 for vertically moving doors, shall be avoided by either:
 limiting the force available at the door leaf
or
 preventing anyone from travelling with or being lifted by the door
or
 installing hold to run control in combination with a key switch or similar
or
 stopping the door movement by a protective equipment when any person is lifted and before any part of
the person reaches any hazardous locations, e.g. at the lintel or other fixed parts of the building or parts
of the mechanism of the door.
5.1.3 Safeguarding against impact hazard
Injuries to persons generated by impact of the moving door leaf, for doors not operated under the hold to run
control mode, as described in 4.1.3, shall be avoided by:
 limiting the dynamic force developed by the door leaf to the values as specified in Annex A, when
measured according to prEN 12445:2005
or
 ensuring by electro-sensitive protective equipment or by guards that in no circumstances can a person be
touched by the moving door leaf.
Doors with a closing speed in excess of 0,5 m/s up to a height of 2,5 m shall be equipped with a device,
detecting moving persons approaching the door, when they are at least 0,9 m away from it. It is accepted that
this device is positioned 0,9 m from the door, when entering the area between the device and the door from
the side is prevented.
NOTE Vehicles moving at a too high speed compared with the speed and position of the door leaf, can still come in
contact with the moving door, thus creating damages to the door itself. Though it is foreseeable that this may occur with
any automatically controlled door, such a situation cannot be avoided nor safeguarded by documentised solutions.
Depending on site conditions, the following may be helpful, in particular for automatic and remote controlled doors:
a) to provide adequate lighting of the area where the door is installed in order to prevent it from moving in
the dark;
b) to install signs in order to inform the users about the automatic operation;
c) to give advanced warning signals in order to inform when the door is moving or going to move, like
flashing lights with or without preflashing;
d) to install traffic lights in order to regulate vehicular traffic whenever this is needed;
e) to
...