SIST EN 1337-6:2004
(Main)Structural bearings - Part 6: Rocker bearings
Structural bearings - Part 6: Rocker bearings
This part of EN 1337 specifies the requirements for the design and manufacture of rocker bearings. In order to accommodate displacements rocker bearings can be combined with a sliding element in accordance with EN 1337-2. Bearings which are subjected to rotation greater than 0,05 rad resulting from the characteristic combination of actions are outside the scope of this part of EN 1337. This part of EN 1337 does not apply to rocker bearings made with materials other than those specified in clause 5.
Lager im Bauwesen - Teil 6: Kipplager
Dieser Teil von EN 1337 legt die Anforderungen an die Bemessung und die Herstellung von Kipplagern fest. Zur Aufnahme von Verschiebungen können Kipplager mit einem Gleitteil nach EN 1337-2 kombiniert werden. Lager, die unter den Einwirkungen der charakteristischen Kombinationen einer Verdrehung ausgesetzt sind, die größer ist als 0,05 Radian (rad), liegen außerhalb des Anwendungsbereichs dieses Teils von EN 1337. Dieser Teil von EN 1337 gilt nicht für Kipplager, die aus anderen Materialien als denjenigen nach Abschnitt 5 hergestellt sind.
Appareils d'appui structuraux - Partie 6: Appareils d'appui a balanciers
La présente partie de cette norme européenne traite des prescriptions relatives a la conception et a la fabrication des appareils d'appuis a balanciers.
Konstrukcijska ležišča – 6. del: Linijska in točkovna zasučna ležišča
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Structural bearings - Part 6: Rocker bearingsLãþDAppareils d'appui structuraux - Partie 6: Appareils d'appui a balanciersLager im Bauwesen - Teil 6: Kipplager91.010.30Technical aspectsICS:SIST EN 1337-6:2004enTa slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 1337-6:200401-junij-2004SIST EN 1337-6:2004SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 1337-6April 2004ICS 91.010.30English versionStructural bearings - Part 6: Rocker bearingsAppareils d'appui structuraux - Partie 6: Appareils d'appui àbalanciersLager im Bauwesen - Teil 6: KipplagerThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 2 February 2004.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2004 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 1337-6:2004: E
EN 1337-6:2004 (E)2ContentspageForeword.41Scope.52Normative references.53Terms, definitions and symbols.53.1Terms and definitions.53.2Symbols.74Functional requirements.74.1General.74.2Load bearing capacity.84.3Rotation capability.85Materials.85.1General.85.2Carbon steel.85.3Stainless steel.85.4Cast steel.85.5Cast iron.86Design.86.1General.86.2Curved surfaces.96.3Surfaces in contact.96.4Preventing of sliding.96.5Dimensioning of components.96.5.1Dimensions of line rocker.96.5.2Point rocker in spherical seating.106.5.3Point rocker on a flat surface.106.5.4Load distribution to other components.106.6Particular requirements.116.6.1Corrosion in the contact line or point.116.6.2Alignment.116.6.3Line rocker rotational eccentricity.116.6.4Point rocker rotational eccentricity.126.6.5Eccentricity due to horizontal load.126.6.6Total eccentricity.126.6.7Limiting rotation condition.126.7Combination with other elements.137Tolerances.137.1Flatness.137.2Surface profile.137.3Surface roughness.137.4Parallelism of contact surfaces.148Conformity evaluation.148.1General.148.2Control of the construction product and its manufacture.148.2.1Factory production control (FPC).148.2.2Initial type testing.148.2.3Routine testing.148.3Raw materials and constituents.149Installation.15
EN 1337-6:2004 (E)310In-service inspection.15Annex A (normative)
Ferrous materials.17Annex B (informative)
Factory Production Control (FPC).18B.1General.18B.1.1Objectives.18B.1.2Documentation.18B.1.3Operations.18B.2Verifications and tests.19B.2.1General comments.19B.2.2Monitoring of conformity.19B.2.3Tests.19B.2.4Treatment of construction products which do not conform.19B.2.5Recording of verifications and tests (manufacturer’s register).19B.3Traceability.20Annex ZA (informative)
Clauses of this European Standard addressing the provisions of the EUConstruction Products Directive.21ZA.1 Scope and relevant characteristics.21ZA.2Procedure(s) for attestation of conformity of rocker bearings.22ZA.3CE marking and labelling.26Bibliography.28
EN 1337-6:2004 (E)4ForewordThis document (EN 1337-6:2004) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN /TC 167, "Structural bearings",the secretariat of which is held by UNI.This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text orby endorsement, at the latest by October 2004, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latestby January 2006.This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the EuropeanFree Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.The European Standard EN 1337 “Structural bearings” consists of the following 11 parts:Part 1General design rulesPart 2Sliding elementsPart 3Elastomeric bearingsPart 4Roller bearingsPart 5Pot bearingsPart 6Rocker bearingsPart 7Spherical and cylindrical PTFE bearingsPart 8Guide bearings and restrain bearingsPart 9ProtectionPart 10Inspection and maintenancePart 11Transport, storage and installationAnnex A is normative and annex B is informative.This document includes a Bibliography.According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the followingcountries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark,Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EN 1337-6:2004 (E)51 ScopeThis part of EN 1337 specifies the requirements for the design and manufacture of rocker bearings. In order toaccommodate displacements rocker bearings can be combined with a sliding element in accordance with EN 1337-2.Bearings which are subjected to rotation greater than 0,05 rad resulting from the characteristic combination of actionsare outside the scope of this part of EN 1337. This part of EN 1337 does not apply to rocker bearings made withmaterials other than those specified in clause 5.2 Normative referencesThis European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. Thesenormative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text, and the publications are listed hereafter. For datedreferences, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard onlywhen incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referredto applies (including amendments).EN 1337-1:2000, Structural bearings — Part 1: General design rules.EN 1337-2:2004, Structural bearings — Part 2: Sliding elements.EN 1337-7, Structural bearings - Part 7: Spherical and cylindrical PTFE bearings.EN 1337-9:1997, Structural bearings — Part 9: Protection.EN 1337-10, Structural bearings — Part 10: Inspection and maintenance.EN 1990, Eurocode - Basis of structural design.EN 10025, Hot rolled products of non-alloy structural steels — Technical delivery conditions.EN 10083-1,Quenched and tempered steels — Part 1: Technical delivery conditions for special steels.EN 10083-2, Quenched and tempered steels — Part 2: Technical delivery condition for unalloyed quality steels.EN 10088-2, Stainless steels — Part 2: Technical delivery conditions for sheet/plate and strip for general purposes.EN 10160, Ultrasonic testing of steel flat product of thickness equal or greater than 6 mm (reflection method).EN 10204, Metallic products — Types of inspection documents.EN ISO 4287, Geometrical product specifications (GPS) - Surface texture: Profile method - Terms, definitions andsurface texture parameters (ISO 4287:1997).EN ISO 6506-1, Metallic materials - Brinell hardness test - Part 1: Test method (ISO 6506-1:1999).ISO 1083, Spheroidal graphite cast iron – Classification.ISO 3755, Cast carbon steels for general engineering purposes.3 Terms, definitions and symbols3.1 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this European Standard, the following terms and definitions apply.
EN 1337-6:2004 (E)63.1.1line rockerbearing which is formed by a partial cylindrical surface rolling on a flat plate. It permits rotation about an axis parallel tothe axis of the curved surface (see Figure 1). If necessary the rocker and rocker plate can be invertedKey1Rocker plate2Cylindrical surface3Line rocker bearing4Line rocker5Line rocker bearingFigure 1 —Typical line rocker bearing3.1.2point rockerbearing which is formed by a convex spherical surface rolling on a flat or concave spherical surface of larger radius(see Figure 2)Key1Rocker plate2Spherical surfaces3Point rockerFigure 2 — Typical point rocker bearing3.1.3rockercomponent with a curved convex surface formed on one face. The curved surface can be a portion of a cylinder orsphere (see Figures 1 and 2)3.1.4rocker platecomponent which operates in contact with the rocker. It can be flat or a concave portion of a sphere (see Figures 1 and2)
EN 1337-6:2004 (E)73.1.5shear dowelcomponent which provides positive mechanical restrain to horizontal loads3.2 SymbolsFor the purposes of this European Standard, the following symbols apply.adtotal design angular rotation in one direction, in radians (rad)Eddesign modulus of elasticity, in Newtons per square millimetre (N/mm2)edtotal design eccentricity of vertical load, in millimetres (mm)e2,ddesign eccentricity due to rotation, in millimetres (mm)e3,ddesign eccentricity due to translation, in millimetres (mm)fuultimate strength of material, in Newtons per square millimetre (N/mm2)fyyield strength of material, in Newtons per square millimetre (N/mm2)NRddesign resistance of the contact surfaceN'Rddesign resistance per unit length in Newton per millimetre (N/mm)NRkcharacteristic resistance of the contact surfaceN'Rkcharacteristic resistance per unit length in Newton per millimetre (N/mm)NSddesign axial force, in Newtons (N)N'Sddesign axial force per unit length, in Newton per millimetre (N/mm)gmpartial material safety factorHdistance between horizontal section to be verified and rocker contact area, in millimetres (mm)Leffective length of rocker surface, in millimetres (mm)Rradius of convex contact surface, in millimetres (mm)R1radius of concave contact surface, in millimetres (mm)VSdtotal transverse or shear force in Newtons (N)4 Functional requirements4.1 GeneralA rocker bearing shall be capable of transferring applied vertical and horizontal forces between the superstructure andthe substructure. Line rockers shall permit rotation in one direction about the rocker axis. Point rockers shall permitrotation about any axis.Rocker bearings may be used to resist horizontal forces. Resistance shall be by means of positive mechanical restraintsuch as shear dowels.
EN 1337-6:2004 (E)84.2 Load bearing capacityThe load bearing capacity of the rocker bearing shall be obtained from the design verification as a function of thegeometry and the steel properties.4.3 Rotation capabilityThe rotation capability of the rocker bearing is an intrinsic characteristic of the system based on its geometry and shallbe declared by the manufacturer. Its maximum value shall be 0,05 rad.5 Materials5.1 GeneralOnly ferrous material as specified in the following and in annex A shall be used in the manufacture of rocker bearingcomponents.Rockers and rocker plates shall be examined for cracks by ultrasonic testing in accordance with EN 10160 or bymagnetic particle or dye penetrant methods. No components with linear defects revealed by these procedures areacceptable.The low temperature impact properties of all steel mentioned in the following and in annex A shall comply with therequirements given in annex A. Impact tests shall be conducted as specified in the relevant standards. The minimumenergy at -20 °C for the average of 3 samples shall be as given in annex A. Only one of these 3 samples may have alower value which shall be at least 0,7 x the average specified in annex A.The hardness of rocker and rocker plates shall be verified in accordance with EN ISO 6506-1. Both the hardness of thecontact surfaces and the variation in hardness across the section shall be verified by tests carried out on the contactsurfaces and across the ends.5.2 Carbon steelCarbon steel shall be in accordance with the requirements of EN 10025 or EN 10083-1 and EN 10083-2. The minimumyield strength shall be 240 N/mm2.5.3 Stainless steelStainless steel shall be in accordance with EN 10088-2. The minimum tensile strength shall be 510 N/mm2 for anycomponent.5.4 Cast steelCast steel shall be in accordance with ISO 3755 and annex A.5.5 Cast ironCast iron shall be of spheroidal graphite type in accordance with ISO 1083 and annex A.6 Design6.1 GeneralDesign verification with respect to loading, rotation (movement) shall be determined in accordance with clause 5 ofEN 1337-1:2000.
EN 1337-6:2004 (E)9The design values of the effects (forces, deformations, movements) from the actions at the supports of the structureshall be calculated from the relevant combination of actions according to EN 1990.NOTE 1The decisive design values should be available from a bearing schedule as shown in EN 1990, annex E;1. Until EN1991 is available the guidance given in annex B of EN 1337-1:2000 can be used. Sliding elements should be designed andmanufactured in accordance with EN 1337-2.Performance and durability of bearings designed according to this part of EN 1337 are based on the assumptionthat requirements established in clauses 6 and 7, as relevant, are complied with.NOTE 2The design of rocker bearings is based on the assumption that load passes through a Hertzian contact areabetween two surfaces with dissimilar radii.NOTE 3Line rocker bearings permit rotation about an axis parallel to the line of contact. Point rockers permit rotation aboutany axis.gm values are defined in Eurocodes EN 1992 to EN 1999. The recommended value is gm = 1.NOTE 4When values for partial factors have been selected in Member States, which diverge, for specific works, from therecommended value given in EN 1992 to EN 1999, these values apply in the territory of this Member State. Such values aredefined in the national annex attached to the relevant Eurocodes.6.2 Curved surfacesThe curved surfaces of line rockers shall be of cylindrical shape, those of point rockers shall be spherical.6.3 Surfaces in contactSurfaces in contact shall have the same nominal strength and hardness.6.4 Preventing of slidingMechanical devices shall be provided to prevent contact surfaces of rocker bearings sliding on one another.6.5 Dimensioning of components6.5.1 Dimensions of line rockerNOTE 1The ability of curved surfaces and plates to withstand deformation under load is dependent upon the hardness ofthe material of which they are made. There is not a constant relationship between hardness and yield stress of steel but there isbetween hardness and ultimate strength. Consequently the following expressions are based on the ultimate strength of thematerial.The design axial force per unit length of rocker contact N'Sd shall meet the following condition under the fundamentalcombination of actions:RdSd''NN£(1)Where m2RkRd''gNN=is the design value of resistance per unit length of rocker contact.N'Rk is the characteristic value of resistance of the contact surface per unit length.d2uRk23'EfRN´´=(2)gm values are defined in Eurocodes EN 1992 to EN 1999. The recommended value is gm = 1.
EN 1337-6:2004 (E)10NOTE 2When values for partial factors have been selected in Member States, which diverge, for specific works, from therecommended value given in EN 1992 to EN 1999, these values apply in the territory of this Member State. Such valuesare defined in the national annex attached to the relevant Eurocodes.In determining the values of N'Sd the effects of asymmetric loading due to transverse eccentricities and appliedmoments shall be considered (see also 6.10.3 of EN 1337-1:2000).6.5.2 Point rocker in spherical seatingThe concave and convex spherical radii shall be selected so that:RdSdNN£(3)Where m3RkRdgNN=is the design value of resistance of the contact surface.NRK is the characteristic value of resistance of the contact surface.23211Rk1220duEfRRRRN´´÷÷øöççèæ´-´= (4)gm values are defined in Eurocodes EN 1992 to EN 1999. The recommended value is gm = 1.NOTEWhen values for partial factors have been selected in Member States, which diverge, for specific works, from therecommended value given in EN 1992 to EN 1999, these values apply in the territory of this Member State. Such values aredefined in the national annex attached to the relevant Eurocodes.6.5.3 Point rocker on a flat surfaceThe spherical radius R in contact with a flat surface shall be selected so that:RdSdNN£(5)Where m3RkRdgNN=is the design value of resistance.NRK is the characteristic value of resistance of the contact surface.232Rk1220duEfRN´´= (6)gm values are defined in Eurocodes EN 1992 to EN 1999. The recommended value is gm = 1.NOTEWhen values for partial factors have been selected in Member States, which diverge, for specific works, from therecommended value given in EN 1992 to EN 1999, these values apply in the territory of this Member State. Such values aredefined in the national annex attached to the relevant Eurocodes.6.5.4 Load distribution to other componentsThe rockers and rocker plates shall be so proportioned that loads are adequately distributed to adjacent components.The maximum load dispersion through a component shall be taken as 45° unless a greater angle is justified bycalculations, which take into account the characteristics of the adjacent components and materials. In no case shallload dispersion be assumed beyond a line drawn at 60° to the vertical axis (see Figure 3).
EN 1337-6:2004 (E)11Figure 3 — Load distribution to components6.6 Particular requirements6.6.1 Corrosion in the contact line or pointIf the materials used in contact area are not intrinsically corrosion resistant then other provisions shall be made in thedesign to prevent corrosion in the area. These measures may take the form of grease boxes, oil baths, flexible seals orother methods, which can be shown to be effective, or which have been found satisfactory during use. Where dissimilarmaterials are used in combination the effects of electrolytic corrosion shall be considered.6.6.2 AlignmentProvision shall be made to ensure that bearing components remain correctly aligned with each other and clampedtogether between manufacture and installation. Temporary transit devices shall not be used to locate the structure.6.6.3 Line rocker rotational eccentricityEccentricity, e2, due to rotational movement between the components is:Re´=d2a(7)See Figure 4.a>=25e2R aFigure 4 — Line rocker eccentricityThe total rocker eccentricity due to rotational eccentricity effect shall be taken as e2,d = 2 ´ e2 to allow for the effectof rolling friction at the contact surfaces.
EN 1337-6:2004 (E)126.6.4 Point rocker rotational eccentricityEccentricity, e2, due to rotational movement between the components is:÷÷øöççèæ÷øöçèæ1d2R1 - R1 = ea(8)See Figure 5.a>=25>=5e2RR 1aFigure 5 — Point rocker eccentricityThe total rocker eccentricity due to rotational eccentricity effect shall be taken as e2,d = 2 ´ e2 to allow for the effect ofrolling friction at the contact surfaces.6.6.5 Eccentricity due to horizontal loadEccentricity, e3,d of vertical load due to horizontal design load is:SdSdd3,NH
V = e´(9)6.6.6 Total eccentricityTotal eccentricity ed is:ed = e2,d + e3,d(10)Where no provision is made for prestressing the fixing bolts the total eccentricity in any direction shall not exceed 1/6 ofthe plate dimension in that direction for a rectangular plate or 1/8 the plate diameter if circular, i.e the contact stress atthe extremities shall be greater than zero. At maximum design rotation ad there shall be a minimum clearance of 5 mmbetween opposing components as shown in Figure 5.6.6.7 Limiting rotation conditionThe dimensions of the curved surface shall be such that the contact line or point is at least 25 mm from anydiscontinuity in the curved surface at maximum rotation (see Figures 4 and 5). Rotation about an axis perpendicularto the rocker axis of a line rocker is not permitted.
EN 1337-6:2004 (E)136.7 Combination with other elementsWhen a rocker bearing is combined with elements from other parts of this part of EN 1337, the characteristics andkinetics of all elements and their interaction, together with the stiffnesses, moments and eccentricities of the structuralcomponents shall be considered.7 Tolerances7.1 FlatnessThe tolerance on flatness of rocker plates in the direction of the rocker axis shall be in accordance with Table 1.7.2 Surface profileThe surface profile tolerance for the length of the curved surface over which contact can occur shall be in accordancewith Table 2.Table 1 — Flatness tolerance for rocker platesMaterialEffective length L(mm)£ 250> 250TolerancemmTolerancemmSteel £ 300 HV0,10,0004 ´ LSteel > 300 HV0,0750,0003 ´ LTable 2 — Surface profile tolerance for rockersMaterialEffective length L(mm)£ 250> 250Tolerance(mm)Tolerance(mm)Steel £ 300 HV0,050,05Steel > 300 HV0,0250,0257.3 Surface roughnessThe surface roughness of the rocker and r
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.