SIST EN 60076-14:2014
(Main)Power transformers - Part 14: Liquid-immersed power transformers using high-temperature insulation materials
Power transformers - Part 14: Liquid-immersed power transformers using high-temperature insulation materials
This part of IEC 60076 applies to liquid-immersed power transformers employing either hightemperature insulation or combinations of high-temperature and conventional insulation, operating at temperatures above conventional limits. It is applicable to: - power transformers in accordance with IEC 60076-1; - convertor transformers according to IEC 61378 series; - transformers for wind turbine applications in accordance with IEC 60076-16; - arc furnace transformers; - reactors in accordance with IEC 60076-6. This part of IEC 60076 may be applicable as a reference for the use of high-temperature insulation materials in other types of transformers and reactors.
/
Transformateurs de puissance - Partie 14: Transformateurs de puissance immergés dans du liquide utilisant des matériaux d'isolation haute température
La CEI 60076-14:2013 s'applique aux transformateurs immergés dans un liquide qui utilisent soit des isolants haute température soit des combinaisons d'isolants conventionnels et haute température, fonctionnant à des températures au-dessus des limites conventionnelles. Elle s'applique aux: - transformateurs de puissance conformes à la norme CEI 60076-1; - transformateurs de convertisseur conformes à la série CEI 61378; - transformateurs pour applications éoliennes conformes à la norme CEI 60076-16; - transformateurs de four à arc; - bobines d'inductance conformes à la norme CEI 60076-6. La présente partie de la norme CEI 60076 peut s'appliquer comme référence pour l'utilisation de matériaux isolants haute température dans d'autres types de transformateurs et bobines d'inductance. Cette première édition de la CEI 60076-14 annule et remplace la deuxième édition de la Spécification technique CEI/TS 60076-14 publiée en 2009. Elle constitue une révision technique.
Močnostni transformatorji - 14. del: V tekočino potopljeni močnostni transformatorji z vgrajenimi visokotemperaturnimi izolacijskimi materiali
Ta del standarda IEC 60076 se uporablja za v tekočino potopljene močnostne transformatorje z vgrajeno visokotemperaturno izolacijo ali kombinacijami visokotemperaturne izolacije in konvencionalne izolacije, ki delujejo pri temperaturah, ki presegajo običajne mejne vrednosti. Velja za: – močnostne transformatorje v skladu s standardom IEC 60076-1; – konvertorske transformatorje v skladu s skupino standardov IEC 61378; – transformatorje za uporabo z vetrnimi turbinami v skladu s standardom IEC 60076-16; – transformatorje obločnih peči; – reaktorje v skladu s standardom IEC 60076-6. Ta del standarda IEC 60076 se lahko uporablja kot referenčno besedilo za uporabo visokotemperaturnih izolacijskih materialov v drugih vrstah transformatorjev in reaktorjev.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 60076-14:2014
01-januar-2014
0RþQRVWQLWUDQVIRUPDWRUMLGHO 9WHNRþLQRSRWRSOMHQLPRþQRVWQL
WUDQVIRUPDWRUML]YJUDMHQLPLYLVRNRWHPSHUDWXUQLPLL]RODFLMVNLPLPDWHULDOL
Power transformers - Part 14: Liquid-immersed power transformers using high-
temperature insulation materials
/
Transformateurs de puissance - Partie 14: Transformateurs de puissance immergés
dans du liquide utilisant des matériaux d'isolation haute température
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 60076-14:2013
ICS:
29.180 Transformatorji. Dušilke Transformers. Reactors
SIST EN 60076-14:2014 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 60076-14:2014
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SIST EN 60076-14:2014
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 60076-14
NORME EUROPÉENNE
October 2013
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 29.180
English version
Power transformers -
Part 14: Liquid-immersed power transformers
using high-temperature insulation materials
(IEC 60076-14:2013)
Transformateurs de puissance - Leistungstransformatoren -
Partie 14: Transformateurs de puissance Teil 14: Flüssigkeitsgefüllte
immergés dans du liquide utilisant des Leistungstransformatoren mit
matériaux d'isolation haute température Hochtemperatur-Isolierstoffen
(CEI 60076-14:2013) (IEC 60076-14:2013)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2013-10-21. CENELEC members are bound to comply
with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard
the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on
application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified
to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus,
the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany,
Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B - 1000 Brussels
© 2013 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Ref. No. EN 60076-14:2013 E
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SIST EN 60076-14:2014
EN 60076-14:2013 - 2 -
Foreword
The text of document 14/755/FDIS, future edition 1 of IEC 60076-14, prepared by IEC/TC 14 "Power
transformers" was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by CENELEC as
EN 60076-14:2013.
The following dates are fixed:
– latest date by which the document has to be implemented at (dop) 2014-07-21
national level by publication of an identical national
standard or by endorsement
– latest date by which the national standards conflicting with (dow) 2016-10-21
the document have to be withdrawn
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CENELEC [and/or CEN] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such
patent rights.
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 60076-14:2013 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard without any modification.
In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards indicated:
IEC 60076-4 NOTE Harmonized in EN 60076-4.
IEC 60216-1 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60216-1.
IEC 60317 NOTE Harmonized in EN 60317 series.
IEC 60422 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60422.
IEC 60505 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60505.
IEC 60567 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60567.
IEC 60599 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60599.
IEC 60641-3 NOTE Harmonized in EN 60641-3 series.
IEC 60674-3 NOTE Harmonized in EN 60674-3 series.
IEC 60819-3 NOTE Harmonized in EN 60819-3 series.
IEC 60851-4 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60851-4.
IEC 60867 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60867.
IEC 60893-3 NOTE Harmonized in EN 60893-3 series.
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SIST EN 60076-14:2014
- 3 - EN 60076-14:2013
IEC 60970 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60970.
IEC 61039 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61039.
IEC 61100 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61100.
IEC 61203 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61203.
IEC 61212-3 NOTE Harmonized in EN 61212-3 series.
IEC 61629-1 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61629-1.
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SIST EN 60076-14:2014
EN 60076-14:2013 - 4 -
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE When an international publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the
relevant EN/HD applies.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
IEC 60076-1 - Power transformers - EN 60076-1 -
Part 1: General
IEC 60076-2 - Power transformers - EN 60076-2 -
Part 2: Temperature rise for liquid-
immersed transformers
IEC 60076-5 - Power transformers - EN 60076-5 -
Part 5: Ability to withstand short circuit
IEC 60076-7 - Power transformers - - -
Part 7: Loading guide for oil-immersed
power transformers
IEC 60076-16 - Power transformers - EN 60076-16 -
Part 16: Transformers for wind turbines
applications
IEC 60085 - Electrical insulation - Thermal evaluation EN 60085 -
and designation
IEC 60137 - Insulated bushings for alternating voltages EN 60137 -
above 1 000 V
IEC 60214-1 - Tap-changers - EN 60214-1 -
Part 1: Performance requirements and test
methods
IEC 60296 - Fluids for electrotechnical applications - EN 60296 -
Unused mineral insulating oils for
transformers and switchgear
IEC 60836 - Specifications for unused silicone insulating EN 60836 -
liquids for electrotechnical purposes
IEC 61099 - Insulating liquids - Specifications for EN 61099 -
unused synthetic organic esters for
electrical purposes
IEC 61378-1 - Convertor transformers - EN 61378-1 -
Part 1: Transformers for industrial
applications
IEC 61378-2 - Convertor transformers - EN 61378-2 -
Part 2: Transformers for HVDC applications
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SIST EN 60076-14:2014
IEC 60076-14
®
Edition 1.0 2013-09
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Power transformers –
Part 14: Liquid-immersed power transformers using high-temperature insulation
materials
Transformateurs de puissance –
Partie 14: Transformateurs de puissance immergés dans du liquide utilisant des
matériaux isolants haute température
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
CODE PRIX XA
ICS 29.180 ISBN 978-2-8322-1096-3
Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor.
Attention! Veuillez vous assurer que vous avez obtenu cette publication via un distributeur agréé.
® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
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SIST EN 60076-14:2014
– 2 – 60076-14 © IEC:2013
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 5
INTRODUCTION . 7
1 Scope . 8
2 Normative references . 8
3 Terms and definitions . 9
4 Insulation systems . 11
4.1 General . 11
4.2 Winding insulation types . 12
4.2.1 General . 12
4.2.2 Summary of winding/system insulation types . 13
4.2.3 Hybrid winding types . 13
4.2.4 High-temperature insulation winding . 16
5 Temperature rise limits . 17
5.1 General . 17
5.2 Thermally upgraded paper (TUP) . 19
5.3 Cellulose used in ester liquid . 19
6 Components and materials . 19
6.1 General . 19
6.2 Leads and cables . 19
7 Special design considerations . 20
7.1 Short-circuit considerations . 20
7.2 Dielectric requirements . 20
7.3 Temperature requirements . 20
7.4 Overload . 22
8 Required information . 23
8.1 Information to be provided by the purchaser . 23
8.1.1 Ambient temperatures and loading cycle . 23
8.1.2 Other unusual service conditions . 23
8.2 Information to be provided by the manufacturer . 23
8.2.1 Thermal characteristics . 23
8.2.2 Guarantees . 23
9 Rating plate and additional information . 23
9.1 Rating plate . 23
9.2 Transformer manual . 24
10 Test requirements. 24
10.1 Routine, type and special tests . 24
10.2 Dissolved gas analysis . 24
10.3 OD cooled compact transformers . 24
10.4 Evaluation of temperature-rise tests for windings with multiple hot-spots . 24
10.5 Dielectric type tests . 26
11 Supervision, diagnostics, and maintenance . 27
11.1 General . 27
11.2 Transformers filled with mineral insulating oil . 27
11.3 Transformers filled with high-temperature insulating liquids . 27
Annex A (informative) Insulation materials . 28
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SIST EN 60076-14:2014
60076-14 © IEC:2013 – 3 –
Annex B (informative) Rapid temperature increase and bubble generation . 35
Annex C (informative) Ester liquid and cellulose . 38
Annex D (normative) Insulation system coding . 52
Bibliography . 55
Figure 1 – Example of semi-hybrid insulation windings . 14
Figure 2 – Example of a mixed hybrid insulation winding . 15
Figure 3 – Example of full hybrid insulation windings . 16
Figure 4 – Example of high-temperature insulation system . 17
Figure 5 – Temperature gradient conductor to liquid . 21
Figure 6 – Modified temperature diagram for windings with mixed hybrid insulation
system . 26
Figure A.1 – Example of a thermal endurance graph . 29
Figure B.1 – Bubble evolution temperature chart. 36
Figure C.1 – Tensile strength ageing results of TUP in mineral oil and natural ester
liquid. 39
Figure C.2 – Composite tensile strength ageing results of TUP in mineral oil and
natural ester liquid . 40
Figure C.3 – DP ageing results of TUP in mineral oil and natural ester liquid . 41
Figure C.4 – Composite DP ageing results of TUP in mineral oil and natural ester liquid. 42
Figure C.5 – Tensile strength ageing results of kraft paper in mineral oil and natural
ester liquid . 42
Figure C.6 – Composite tensile strength ageing results of kraft paper in mineral oil and
natural ester liquid . 43
Figure C.7 – DP ageing results of kraft paper in mineral oil and natural ester liquid . 43
Figure C.8 – Composite DP ageing results of kraft paper in mineral oil and natural
ester liquid . 44
Figure C.9 – Infrared spectra of kraft paper aged in liquid at 110 °C for 175 days . 46
Figure C.10 – Unit life versus temperature of TUP ageing data (least squares fit) . 48
Figure C.11 – Unit life versus temperature of kraft paper ageing data (least squares fit) . 48
Table 1 – Preferred insulation system thermal classes . 12
Table 2 – Winding/system insulation comparison . 13
Table 3 – Maximum continuous temperature rise limits for transformers with hybrid
insulation systems . 18
Table 4 – Maximum continuous temperature rise limits for transformers with high-
temperature insulation systems . 19
Table 5 – Suggested maximum overload temperature limits for transformers with
hybrid insulation systems . 22
Table 6 – Suggested maximum overload temperature limits for transformers with high-
temperature insulation systems . 22
Table A.1 – Typical properties of solid insulation materials . 32
Table A.2 – Typical enamels for wire insulation . 33
Table A.3 – Typical performance characteristics of unused insulating liquids . 34
Table C.1 – Effect of moisture solubility limits on cellulose moisture reduction . 46
Table C.2 – Comparison of ageing results. 47
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SIST EN 60076-14:2014
– 4 – 60076-14 © IEC:2013
Table C.3 – Maximum temperature rise for ester liquid/cellulose insulation systems . 49
Table C.4 – Suggested maximum overload temperature limits for ester liquid/cellulose
insulation systems . 49
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SIST EN 60076-14:2014
60076-14 © IEC:2013 – 5 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
POWER TRANSFORMERS –
Part 14: Liquid-immersed power transformers
using high-temperature insulation materials
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
yin the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 60076-14 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 14:
Power transformers.
This first edition of IEC 60076-14 is an International Standard which cancels and replaces the
second edition of the Technical Specification IEC/TS 60076-14 published in 2009. It
constitutes a technical revision.
This International Standard includes the following significant technical changes with respect to
the Technical Specification:
a) the hot-spot relationship to thermal class is now defined;
b) a new 140 thermal class is defined;
c) the number of insulation systems is reduced to only three: conventional, hybrid and high-
temperature;
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SIST EN 60076-14:2014
– 6 – 60076-14 © IEC:2013
d) homogeneous high-temperature insulation system has been changed to just high-
temperature insulation system;
e) winding definitions were introduced to define variations in the hybrid insulation system;
f) the system example drawings have been revised for clarity;
g) all suggested limits corresponding to Part 7 loading guide have been defined in a similar
format;
h) moisture equilibrium curves for high-temperature materials have been added to the
moisture and bubble generation annex;
i) an annex has been added to introduce the concept of thermal enhancement of cellulose
by ester;
j) some guide information, such as overload temperature limit suggestions was retained, but
most of the other informative text was moved into informative annexes.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
14/755/FDIS 14/759/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
A list of all parts of the IEC 60076 series can be found, under the general title Power
transformers, on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data
related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
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SIST EN 60076-14:2014
60076-14 © IEC:2013 – 7 –
INTRODUCTION
This part of IEC 60076 standardizes liquid-immersed transformers that use high-temperature
insulation. As a system, the solid insulation may encompass a broad range of materials with
varying degrees of thermal capability. The insulating and cooling liquids also vary
substantially, ranging from mineral oil to a number of liquids that also have a range of thermal
capability.
This international standard is not intended to stand alone, but rather builds on the information
and guidelines documented in other parts of the IEC 60076 series. Accordingly, this document
follows two guiding principles. The first principle is that liquid-immersed transformers are well
known and are well defined in other parts of this series and therefore, the details of these
transformers are not repeated in this international standard, except where reference has
value, or where repetition is considered appropriate for purposes of emphasis or comparison.
The second principle is that the materials used in normal liquid-immersed transformers,
typically kraft paper, pressboard, wood, mineral oil, paint and varnish, which operate within
temperature limits given in IEC 60076-2, are well known and are considered normal or
conventional. All other insulation materials, either solid or liquid that have a thermal capability
higher than the materials used in this well-known system of insulation materials are
considered high-temperature. Consequently, this standard or normal insulation system is
defined as the “conventional” insulation system for comparison purposes and these normal
thermal limits are presented for reference to illustrate the differences between other higher-
temperature systems.
This international standard addresses loading, overloading, testing and accessories in the
same manner. Only selected information for the “conventional” transformers is included for
comparison purposes or for emphasis. All other references are directed to the appropriate IEC
document.
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SIST EN 60076-14:2014
– 8 – 60076-14 © IEC:2013
POWER TRANSFORMERS –
Part 14: Liquid-immersed power transformers
using high-temperature insulation materials
1 Scope
This part of IEC 60076 applies to liquid-immersed power transformers employing either high-
temperature insulation or combinations of high-temperature and conventional insulation,
operating at temperatures above conventional limits.
It is applicable to:
– power transformers in accordance with IEC 60076-1;
– convertor transformers according to IEC 61378 series;
– transformers for wind turbine applications in accordance with IEC 60076-16;
– arc furnace transformers;
– reactors in accordance with IEC 60076-6.
This part of IEC 60076 may be applicable as a reference for the use of high-temperature
insulation materials in other types of transformers and reactors.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and
are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC 60076-1, Power transformers – Part 1: General
IEC 60076-2, Power transformers – Part 2: Temperature rise
IEC 60076-5, Power transformers – Part 5: Ability to withstand short-circuit
IEC 60076-7, Power transformers – Part 7: Loading guide for oil-immersed power
transformers
IEC 60076-16, Power transformers – Part 16: Transformers for wind turbine applications
IEC 60085, Electrical insulation – Thermal evaluation and designation
IEC 60137, Insulated bushings for alternating voltages above 1 000 V
IEC 60214-1, Tap-changers – Part 1: Performance requirements and test methods
IEC 60296, Fluids for electrotechnical applications – Unused mineral insulating oils for
transformers and switchgear
IEC 60836, Specifications for unused silicone insulating liquids for electrotechnical purposes
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SIST EN 60076-14:2014
60076-14 © IEC:2013 – 9 –
IEC 61099, Specifications for unused synthetic organic esters for electrical purposes
IEC 61378-1, Convertor transformers – Part 1: Transformers for industrial applications
IEC 61378-2, Convertor transformers – Part 2: Transformers for HVDC applications
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions, as well as those given
in IEC 60076-1 and IEC 60076-2 apply.
3.1
insulation system
system composed of solid insulating materials and an insulating liquid
3.2
temperature index
TI
numerical value of the temperature in degrees Celsius derived from the thermal endurance
relationship at a time of 20 000 h (or other specified time)
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-212:2010, 212-12-11, modified – Notes 1 and 2 have been deleted]
3.3
thermal class
designation of Electrical Insulation Materials (EIM) or Electrical Insulation Systems (EIS)
equal to t
...
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