SIST EN ISO 13706:2000
(Main)Petroleum and natural gas industries - Air-cooled heat exchangers (ISO 13706:1998)
Petroleum and natural gas industries - Air-cooled heat exchangers (ISO 13706:1998)
Erdöl- und Erdgasindustrien - Luftgekühlte Wärmetauscher (ISO 13706:2000)
Diese Internationale Norm legt Anforderungen an und Empfehlungen für Konstruktion, Werkstoffe, Herstellung, Inspektion, Prüfung und Vorbereitungen zum Versand von luftgekühlten Wärmetauschern für die Anwendung in der Erdöl und Erdgasindustrie fest. Die vorliegende Internationale Norm gilt für luftgekühlte Wärmetauscher mit horizontal angeordneten Kühlerbündeln, kann jedoch prinzipiell auch auf andere Anordnungen angewendet werden.
Industries du pétrole et du gaz naturel - Echangeurs de chaleur refroidis a l'air (ISO 13706:2000)
lEC 61169-60:2021 fournit des informations et des règles pour l’établissement de spécifications particulières (DS) relatives aux connecteurs coaxiaux pour fréquences radioélectriques avec couplage par poussée, typiquement utilisés dans des câbles de 50 Ω RF ou des microbandes au sein de systèmes d’hyperfréquences, de télécommunication, sans fil ou autres champs (SMPM).
Elle spécifie les dimensions de la face d’accouplement pour les connecteurs à usage général (grade 2), les détails dimensionnels des connecteurs d’essai normalisés (grade 0), les informations de calibrage et les essais choisis à partir de l’IEC 61169-1, applicables à toutes les spécifications particulières relatives aux connecteurs pour fréquences radioélectriques de série SMPM.
Cette spécification indique les caractéristiques de performance recommandées à prendre en compte lors de l’écriture d’une spécification particulière et elle couvre les programmes d’essai et les exigences de contrôle pour les niveaux d’assurance M et H.
Petroleum and natural gas industries - Air-cooled heat exchangers (ISO 13706:1998)
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 13706:2000
01-december-2000
Petroleum and natural gas industries - Air-cooled heat exchangers (ISO
13706:1998)
Petroleum and natural gas industries - Air-cooled heat exchangers (ISO 13706:1998)
Erdöl- und Erdgasindustrien - Luftgekühlte Wärmetauscher (ISO 13706:2000)
Industries du pétrole et du gaz naturel - Echangeurs de chaleur refroidis a l'air (ISO
13706:2000)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 13706:2000
ICS:
71.120.30 Prenosniki toplote Heat exchangers
75.180.20 Predelovalna oprema Processing equipment
SIST EN ISO 13706:2000 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN ISO 13706:2000
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SIST EN ISO 13706:2000
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SIST EN ISO 13706:2000
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SIST EN ISO 13706:2000
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 13706
First edition
2000-04-15
Petroleum and natural gas industries —
Air-cooled heat exchangers
Industries du pétrole et du gaz naturel — Échangeurs de chaleur refroidis
àl'air
Reference number
ISO 13706:2000(E)
©
ISO 2000
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SIST EN ISO 13706:2000
ISO 13706:2000(E)
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ii © ISO 2000 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 13706:2000
ISO 13706:2000(E)
Contents Page
Foreword.v
Introduction.vi
1 Scope .1
2 Normative references .1
3 Terms and definitions .2
4 General.4
5 Proposals.5
6 Documentation.5
6.1 Approval information .5
6.2 Final records .6
7 Design .7
7.1 Tube bundle design.7
7.2 Air-side design.19
7.3 Structural design .31
8 Materials .35
8.1 General.35
8.2 Headers.36
8.3 Louvres.36
8.4 Other components.36
9 Fabrication of tube bundle.37
9.1 Welding.37
9.2 Postweld heat treatment .37
9.3 Tube-to-tubesheet joints.37
9.4 Gasket contact surfaces .39
9.5 Thread lubrication.39
9.6 Alignment and tolerances.39
9.7 Assembly.39
10 Inspection, examination and testing.41
10.1 General.41
10.2 Quality control.41
10.3 Pressure test .42
10.4 Shop run-in.42
10.5 Nameplates.42
11 Preparation for shipment .43
11.1 General.43
11.2 Surfaces and finishes.43
11.3 Identification, conditioning and notification.43
12 Supplemental requirements .43
12.1 General.43
12.2 Design .44
12.3 Examination.44
12.4 Testing .45
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SIST EN ISO 13706:2000
ISO 13706:2000(E)
Annex A (informative) Recommended practices.46
Annex B (informative) Checklist, data sheets and electronic data exchange.50
Annex C (informative) Winterization of air-cooled heat exchangers .67
Bibliography .116
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SIST EN ISO 13706:2000
ISO 13706:2000(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO
member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical
committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has
the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in
liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical
Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting.
Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard ISO 13706 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 67, Materials, equipment and
offshore structures for petroleum and natural gas industries, Subcommittee SC 6, Processing equipment and
systems.
Annexes A, B and C of this International Standard are for information only.
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SIST EN ISO 13706:2000
ISO 13706:2000(E)
Introduction
This International Standard is based on API standard 661, fourth edition, November 1997.
Users of this International Standard should be aware that further or differing requirements may be needed for
individual applications. This International Standard is not intended to inhibit a vendor from offering, or the purchaser
from accepting, alternative equipment or engineering solutions for the individual application. This may be
particularly applicable where there is innovative or developing technology. Where an alternative is offered, the
vendor should identify any variations from this International Standard and provide details.
vi © ISO 2000 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 13706:2000
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 13706:2000(E)
Petroleum and natural gas industries — Air-cooled heat
exchangers
1 Scope
This International Standard gives requirements and recommendations for the design, materials, fabrication,
inspection, testing and preparation for shipment of air-cooled heat exchangers for use in the petroleum and natural
gas industries.
This International Standard is applicable to air-cooled heat exchangers with horizontal bundles, but the basic
concepts may also be applied to other configurations.
2 Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of
this International Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these
publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to
investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For
undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC
maintain registers of currently valid International Standards.
ISO 76, Rolling bearings — Static load ratings.
ISO 281, Rolling bearings — Dynamic load ratings and rating life.
ISO 286 (all parts), ISO system of limits and fits.
ISO 1081, Belt drive — V-belts and V-ribbed belts, and corresponding grooved pulleys — Vocabulary.
ISO 1459, Metallic coatings — Protection against corrosion by hot-dip galvanizing — Guiding principles.
ISO 1461, Hot-dip galvanized coatings on fabricated iron and steel articles — Specifications and test methods.
ISO 2491, Thin parallel keys and their corresponding keyways (dimensions in millimetres).
ISO 3744, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound pressure —
Engineering method in an essentially free field over a reflecting plane.
ISO 4183, Belt drives — Classical and narrow V-belts — Grooved pulleys (system based on datum width).
ISO 4184, Belt drives — Classical and narrow V-belts — Lengths in datum system.
ISO 5287, Narrow V-belt drives for the automotive industry — Fatigue test.
ISO 5290, Belt drives — Grooved pulleys for joined narrow V-belts — Groove sections 9J, 15J, 20J and 25J
(effective system).
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SIST EN ISO 13706:2000
ISO 13706:2000(E)
ISO 8501-1, Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products — Visual assessment
of surface cleanliness — Part 1: Rust grades and preparation grades of uncoated steel substrates and of steel
substrates after overall removal of previous coatings.
ISO 9563, Belt drives — Electrical conductivity of antistatic endless synchronous belts — Characteristics and test
method.
ISO 10436, Petroleum and natural gas industries — General-purpose steam turbines for refinery service.
1)
AGMA 6001 , Design and selection of components for enclosed gear drives.
AGMA 6010-E, Practice for enclosed speed reducers or increasers using spur, helical, herringbone and spiral bevel
gears.
2)
ICBO , Uniform Building Code.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this International Standard, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
bank
one or more items arranged in a continuous structure
3.2
bare tube surface
total area of the outside surfaces of the tubes, based on the length measured between the outside faces of the
header tubesheets
3.3
bay
one or more tube bundles, serviced by two or more fans, including the structure, plenum and other attendant
equipment
NOTE Figure 1 shows typical bay arrangements.
3.4
finned surface
total area of the outside surface exposed to air
3.5
forced-draught exchanger
exchanger designed with the tube bundles located on the discharge side of the fan
3.6
induced-draught exchanger
exchanger designed with the tube bundles located on the suction side of the fan
3.7
item
one or more tube bundles for an individual service
1) American Gear Manufacturers' Association, 1500 King Street, Suite 201, Alexandria, VA 22314, USA.
2) International Conference of Building Officials, 5360 South Workman Mill Road, Whittier, CA 90601, USA.
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SIST EN ISO 13706:2000
ISO 13706:2000(E)
3.8
item number
purchaser's identification number for an item
3.9
pressure design code
recognized pressure vessel standard specified or agreed by the purchaser
EXAMPLE ASME VIII.
3.10
structural code
recognized structural standard specified or agreed by the purchaser
EXAMPLES AISC M011 and AISC S302.
3.11
tube bundle
assembly of headers, tubes and frames
a) One-bay b) Two-bay
Key
1 Tube bundle
Figure 1 — Typical bay arrangements
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SIST EN ISO 13706:2000
ISO 13706:2000(E)
4 General
� 4.1 The pressure design code shall be specified or agreed by the purchaser.
Pressure components shall comply with the pressure design code and the supplemental requirements given in this
International Standard.
NOTE A round bullet (�) at the beginning of a subclause indicates a requirement for the purchaser to make a decision or
provide information (see checklist in annex B). A triangular bullet (▲) at the beginning of a subclause indicates that this detail is
included on the air-cooled heat exchanger data sheet (see annex B).
4.2 The air-cooled heat exchanger shall be either a forced-draught exchanger or an induced-draught exchanger
and shall include the components shown in Figure 2 and any auxiliaries such as ladders, walkways and platforms.
4.3 Annex A, which may be consulted if required, includes for information some recommended mechanical and
design details. Annex A also includes precautions for consideration when specifying certain design aspects,
including temperature limitations, type of extended surface, tube support methods, type of air-cooled heat
exchanger, materials of gasket construction and operational considerations such as walkway access.
� 4.4 The vendor shall comply with the applicable local regulations specified by the purchaser.
4.5 In this International Standard, where practical, U.S. Customary units are included in brackets for information.
a) Forced draught b) Induced draught
Key
1 Tube bundle 6Fan
2 Header 7 Fan ring
3 Nozzle 8 Fan deck
4 Supporting column 9 Drive assembly
5 Plenum
Figure 2 — Typical components of an air-cooled heat exchanger
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SIST EN ISO 13706:2000
ISO 13706:2000(E)
5 Proposals
5.1 The vendor's proposal shall include a completed data sheet for each item (see annex B).
5.2 A proposal drawing shall be furnished which shows the major dimensions in plan and elevation, and the
nozzle sizes and their orientation.
5.3 The proposal shall state whether vertically mounted electric motors shall be shaft up or shaft down.
5.4 The fabrication procedure and welding procedure shall be furnished for welded tube-to-tubesheet joints.
5.5 The proposal shall fully define the extent of shop assembly and include a general description of the
components to be assembled in the field.
5.6 Any proposal for a design that is not fully described in this International Standard shall include additional
drawings sufficient to describe the details of construction.
5.7 The proposal shall include a detailed description of any exceptions to the specified requirements.
� 5.8 The proposal shall include noise data. The proposal shall include a noise data sheet (see annex B) if
specified by the purchaser.
� 5.9 The proposal shall include fan performance characteristic curves if specified by the purchaser.
5.10 The proposal shall include details of the method used to secure the fin ends (7.1.11.7).
5.11 The vendor shall inform the purchaser if the vendor considers that the requirements specified by the
purchaser are in conflict with, or are not suitable for, the intended purposes or operation of the unit.
6 Documentation
6.1 Approval information
� 6.1.1 For each item number, the vendor shall produce documents which include the following information. The
purchaser shall specify which documents shall be submitted and which of them shall be subject to approval.
a) The purchaser’s item number, the service, the project name and location, the purchaser's order number and
the vendor's shop order number;
b) design pressure, maximum allowable working pressure, test pressure, maximum and minimum design
temperature, and corrosion allowance;
c) any applicable codes and purchase specifications of the purchaser;
d) material specifications and grades for all pressure parts;
e) overall dimensions;
f) dimensions and locations of supports and sizes of holding-down bolts;
g) nozzle size, rating, facing, location, projection beyond header surface, allowable loadings (forces and
moments) and direction of flow;
h) drive mount details;
i) masses of the tube bundle, the exchanger empty and full of water, and the mass of the heaviest component or
combination of components intended by the vendor to be handled in a single lift;
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SIST EN ISO 13706:2000
ISO 13706:2000(E)
j) column reactions for each load type listed in 7.3.3;
k) post-weld heat treatment requirements;
l) radiographic and other non-destructive examination requirements;
m) surface preparation and painting requirements;
n) design exposure temperatures for mechanical and instrumentation components;
o) nameplate and its position;
p) tube-to-tubesheet joint and details of joint preparation.
6.1.2 The vendor shall also furnish gasket detail drawings, field assembly drawings, and drawings for all auxiliary
equipment and controls furnished. Drawings shall show electrical and control connections, including those of
motive and signal air for any pneumatically actuated louvres or fans. The gasket details shall include type and
material, and shall be shown on a separate drawing.
� 6.1.3 Calculations required by the pressure design code shall be made for the design of pressure components,
including header boxes, tubes and tube joints. Additionally, sufficient detail shall be supplied for any non-standard
pressure boundary components, such as swage-type transition nozzles. If specified by the purchaser, the
calculations shall be submitted for approval.
� 6.1.4 If specified by the purchaser, weld maps, all proposed welding procedures and qualifications (including
impact test results, if applicable) shall be submitted for approval prior to fabrication.
� 6.1.5 Further engineering information required from the vendor for installation, operation, maintenance, or
inspection shall be a matter of agreement between the purchaser and the vendor.
6.2 Final records
6.2.1 The vendor shall maintain records of the materials used and fabrication details for at least 5 years.
� 6.2.2 The purchaser shall specify which of the following shall be furnished, and shall specify if any of them shall
be in an electronic medium:
a) an “as-built” data sheet, including material specifications and grades for all pressure parts;
b) a manufacturer's data report in accordance with the pressure design code;
c) certified material test reports for all pressure parts;
d) fan and hub data, including shaft bore and keyway dimensions and coupling and sheave data;
e) a schematic diagram for automatically controlled fan pitch or louvre blade adjustment, if the controller is
furnished by the vendor;
f) installation, operation and maintenance instructions, including the type of lubrication furnished for gears and
bearings;
g) parts list;
h) a certified noise data sheet for the air-cooled heat exchanger with the fans operating at rated speed and at
design conditions;
i) fan performance characteristic curves showing the operating point and shaft power consumption;
j) louvre characteristic performance curve;
k) temperature recorder charts made during postweld heat treatment of the headers.
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SIST EN ISO 13706:2000
ISO 13706:2000(E)
7 Design
7.1 Tube bundle design
7.1.1 General
7.1.1.1 Tube bundles shall be rigid, self-contained, and designed for handling as a complete assembly.
7.1.1.2 The vendor shall make provision for lateral movement of exchanger tube bundles of at least 6 mm
1 1
( / inch) in both directions or at least 12 mm ( / inch) in only one direction, unless the purchaser and the vendor
4 2
agree on a greater movement.
7.1.1.3 Provision shall be made to accommodate thermal expansion of tubes.
7.1.1.4 All tubes shall be supported to prevent sagging and meshing or deformation of fins. Tube supports
shall be spaced not more than 1,8 m (6 ft) from centre to centre.
7.1.1.5 A hold-down member (tube keeper) shall be provided at each tube support. Hold-down members shall
be attached to side frames by bolting.
1
7.1.1.6 Tubes of single-pass condensers shall be sloped downward at least 10 mm per metre ( / inch per
8
foot) towards the outlet header.
7.1.1.7 Tubes of multipass condensers need not be sloped.
7.1.1.8 Air seals shall be provided throughout the tube bundle and the bay to minimize air leakage and
3
bypassing. Any air gap that exceeds 10 mm ( / inch) in width shall be sealed.
8
7.1.1.9 The minimum thickness of metal used for air seal construction shall be 2,5 mm (12 gauge USS,
0,105 inch) within the bundle side frame and 2,0 mm (14 gauge USS, 0,075 inch) outside the bundle side frame.
3
7.1.1.10 Bolts for removable air seals shall be at least 10 mm ( / inch) nominal diameter.
8
� 7.1.1.11 Winterization shall be as specified or agreed by the purchaser. Annex C should be used.
� 7.1.1.12 The exchanger shall be designed for an internal steam-out operation at the temperature, pressure, and
operating conditions specified by the purchaser.
7.1.2 Heating coils
7.1.2.1 Heating coils provided to protect the tube bundle against freeze-up shall be in a separate bundle, and
not part of the tube bundle.
7.1.2.2 Heating coils shall cover the full width of the tube bundle.
7.1.2.3 The tube pitch of the heating coil shall not exceed twice the tube pitch of the tube bundle.
7.1.2.4 If steam is used as heating fluid, heating coils shall be single pass, and the tubes shall be sloped
1
downward at least 10 mm per metre ( / inch per foot) towards the outlet.
8
7.1.2.5 Pipe-type headers with welded-in tubes may be used for steam service.
7.1.3 Tube bundle design temperature
� 7.1.3.1 The maximum and minimum design temperatures for pressure parts shall be as specified by the
purchaser or, if not specified by the purchaser, the maximum design temperature shall be at least the specified
process fluid inlet temperature plus 25 °C (50 °F).
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SIST EN ISO 13706:2000
ISO 13706:2000(E)
� 7.1.3.2 The purchaser shall separately specify the maximum operating temperature to be applied for fin type
selection (the fin design temperature). The design temperatures for pressure parts are not intended to govern fin
type selection or to apply in determining exposure temperatures of mechanical and instrumentation components.
7.1.4 Tube bundle design pressure
� The design pressure shall be as specified by the purchaser or, if not specified, shall be the greater of the following:
a) the inlet pressure plus 10 %;
b) the inlet pressure plus 170 kPa (25 psi).
7.1.5 Corrosion allowance
▲ 7.1.5.1 The corrosion allowance shall be as specified by the purchaser for all surfaces exposed to the process
fluid, except that no corrosion allowance shall be provided for tubes, gaskets or gasket contact surfaces. If not
1
specified, a minimum corrosion allowance of 3 mm ( / inch) shall be provided for carbon and low-alloy steel
8
components.
7.1.5.2 The corrosion allowance shall be provided on each side of pass partition plates or stiffeners.
7.1.5.3 A thickness equal to the depth of the pass partition groove may be considered as available corrosion
allowance on grooved cover plate and tubesheet surfaces.
7.1.6 Headers
7.1.6.1 General
� 7.1.6.1.1 Headers shall be designed to prevent excessive warpage of tubesheets and/or leakage at tube joints.
The analysis shall consider maximum operating temperature and maximum cooling conditions at minimum ambient
air temperature. If specified by the purchaser, the analysis shall consider alternative operations such as low
process flow at low ambient air temperature, freezing of fluids in tubes, steam-out, loss of fans due to power failure,
and cycling conditions.
7.1.6.1.2 If the fluid temperature difference between the inlet and the outlet of a multi-pass bundle exceeds
110 °C (200 °F), U-tube construction, split headers or other methods of restraint relief shall be employed.
7.1.6.1.3 The need f
...
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