SIST ISO 10258:2018
Copper sulfide concentrates - Determination of copper content - Titrimetric methods
Copper sulfide concentrates - Determination of copper content - Titrimetric methods
ISO 10258:2018 specifies two titrimetric methods for the determination of the copper content of copper sulfide concentrates in the range 15 % (m/m) to 50 % (m/m), using sodium thiosulfate after separation (method 1) or without separation (method 2) of copper from interfering elements.
Concentrés de sulfure de cuivre - Dosage du cuivre - Méthodes titrimétriques
Bakrovi sulfidni koncentrati - Določevanje bakra - Titrimetrijska metoda
Ta dokument določa dve titrimetrijski metodi za določevanje vsebnosti bakra v koncentratih bakrovih sulfidov v razponu od 15 % (m/m) do 50 % (m/m) z natrijevim tiosulfatom po ločevanju
(1. metoda) ali brez ločevanja (2. metoda) bakra od motečih elementov.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-julij-2018
1DGRPHãþD
SIST ISO 10258:2016
%DNURYLVXOILGQLNRQFHQWUDWL'RORþHYDQMHEDNUD7LWULPHWULMVNDPHWRGD
Copper sulfide concentrates - Determination of copper content - Titrimetric methods
Concentrés de sulfure de cuivre - Dosage du cuivre - Méthodes titrimétriques
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO 10258:2018
ICS:
73.060.99 Druge rude Other metalliferous minerals
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 10258
Third edition
2018-02
Copper sulfide concentrates —
Determination of copper content —
Titrimetric methods
Concentrés de sulfure de cuivre — Dosage du cuivre — Méthodes
titrimétriques
Reference number
©
ISO 2018
© ISO 2018
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland
Tel. +41 22 749 01 11
Fax +41 22 749 09 47
copyright@iso.org
www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principle . 1
4.1 Method 1 (Long iodide method) . 1
4.2 Method 2 (Short iodide method). 1
5 Reagents . 2
6 Apparatus . 4
7 Sample . 4
7.1 Test sample . 4
7.2 Test portion . 4
8 Procedure. 4
8.1 Number of determinations . 4
8.2 Blank test . 5
8.3 Determination — Method 1: Long iodide method . 5
8.3.1 Decomposition of test portion . 5
8.3.2 Separation of copper . 5
8.3.3 Dissolution of copper precipitate . 6
8.3.4 Titration. 6
8.3.5 FAAS determination of copper in the insoluble residue, filtrate, and filter paper . 6
8.4 Determination — Method 2: Short iodide method . 7
8.4.1 Decomposition of the test portion . 7
8.4.2 Titration. 7
9 Expression of results . 8
10 Precision . 8
10.1 Expression of precision . 8
10.2 Method for obtaining the final result (see Annex B) . 9
10.3 Precision between laboratories . 9
10.4 Check of trueness .10
11 Test report .11
Annex A (informative) Procedure for the preparation and determination of the mass of a
predried test portion .12
Annex B (normative) Flowsheet of the procedure for the acceptance of analytical values for
test samples .14
Annex C (informative) Derivation of precision formulae .15
Bibliography .20
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following
URL: www .iso .org/ iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 183, Copper, lead, zinc and nickel ores and
concentrates.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 10258:2015), of which it is a minor
revision. Table C.1, Table C.2, Figure C.2 and Figure C.3 have been revised to correct the following
editorial errors:
— Table C.1 title, replaced ‘concentrated’ with ‘concentrate’.
— Table C.2 title, replaced ‘silver’ with ‘copper’.
— Table C.2 list at the bottom of the table, replaced ‘silver’ with ‘copper’.
— Figure C.2 title, replaced ‘silver’ with ‘copper’.
— Figure C.3 title, replaced ‘silver’ with ‘copper’.
— Annex A heading changed to ‘informative’.
— Annex B heading changed to ‘normative’.
In addition, the following editorial changes have been made:
— Clause 3, Terms and definitions, inserted.
— 10.4 NOTE changed to body text.
— References added for all formulae.
iv © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 10258:2018(E)
Copper sulfide concentrates — Determination of copper
content — Titrimetric methods
1 Scope
This document specifies two titrimetric methods for the determination of the copper content of copper
sulfide concentrates in the range 15 % (m/m) to 50 % (m/m), using sodium thiosulfate after separation
(method 1) or without separation (method 2) of copper from interfering elements.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 385, Laboratory glassware — Burettes
ISO 648, Laboratory glassware — Single-volume pipettes
ISO 1042, Laboratory glassware — One-mark volumetric flasks
ISO 4787, Laboratory glassware — Volumetric instruments — Methods for testing of capacity and for use
ISO 9599, Copper, lead, zinc and nickel sulfide concentrates — Determination of hygroscopic moisture
content of the analysis sample — Gravimetric method
3 Terms and definitions
No terms and definitions are listed in this document.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
4 Principle
4.1 Method 1 (Long iodide method)
A test portion is decomposed in nitric and sulfuric acids, and arsenic, antimony and tin are removed
by treatment with hydrobromic acid. Copper is separated from interfering elements by precipitation
of copper sulfide with sodium thiosulfate. The precipitate is dissolved in nitric and sulfuric acids,
ammonium hydrogen difluoride is added to eliminate interference of residual iron, and excess
potassium iodide is also added. Free iodine isolated by reaction between iodide ions and copper(II) ions
is titrated with sodium thiosulfate using soluble starch as the indicator.
4.2 Method 2 (Short iodide method)
A test portion is decomposed in nitric and sulfuric acids, and arsenic, antimony and tin are removed by
treatment with hydrobromic acid. Ammonium hydrogen difluoride is added to eliminate interference
of iron, and excess potassium iodide is also added. Free iodine isolated by reaction between iodide ions
and copper(II) ions is titrated with sodium thiosulfate using soluble starch as the indicator.
5 Reagents
During the analysis, use only reagents of recognized analytical grade and distilled water or water of
equivalent purity.
5.1 Copper metal, minimum purity 99,99 %.
5.2 Potassium iodide.
5.3 Ammonium hydrogen difluoride.
5.4 Sulfuric acid, diluted 1 + 1.
Slowly add 5
...
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 10258
Third edition
2018-02
Copper sulfide concentrates —
Determination of copper content —
Titrimetric methods
Concentrés de sulfure de cuivre — Dosage du cuivre — Méthodes
titrimétriques
Reference number
©
ISO 2018
© ISO 2018
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland
Tel. +41 22 749 01 11
Fax +41 22 749 09 47
copyright@iso.org
www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principle . 1
4.1 Method 1 (Long iodide method) . 1
4.2 Method 2 (Short iodide method). 1
5 Reagents . 2
6 Apparatus . 4
7 Sample . 4
7.1 Test sample . 4
7.2 Test portion . 4
8 Procedure. 4
8.1 Number of determinations . 4
8.2 Blank test . 5
8.3 Determination — Method 1: Long iodide method . 5
8.3.1 Decomposition of test portion . 5
8.3.2 Separation of copper . 5
8.3.3 Dissolution of copper precipitate . 6
8.3.4 Titration. 6
8.3.5 FAAS determination of copper in the insoluble residue, filtrate, and filter paper . 6
8.4 Determination — Method 2: Short iodide method . 7
8.4.1 Decomposition of the test portion . 7
8.4.2 Titration. 7
9 Expression of results . 8
10 Precision . 8
10.1 Expression of precision . 8
10.2 Method for obtaining the final result (see Annex B) . 9
10.3 Precision between laboratories . 9
10.4 Check of trueness .10
11 Test report .11
Annex A (informative) Procedure for the preparation and determination of the mass of a
predried test portion .12
Annex B (normative) Flowsheet of the procedure for the acceptance of analytical values for
test samples .14
Annex C (informative) Derivation of precision formulae .15
Bibliography .20
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following
URL: www .iso .org/ iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 183, Copper, lead, zinc and nickel ores and
concentrates.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 10258:2015), of which it is a minor
revision. Table C.1, Table C.2, Figure C.2 and Figure C.3 have been revised to correct the following
editorial errors:
— Table C.1 title, replaced ‘concentrated’ with ‘concentrate’.
— Table C.2 title, replaced ‘silver’ with ‘copper’.
— Table C.2 list at the bottom of the table, replaced ‘silver’ with ‘copper’.
— Figure C.2 title, replaced ‘silver’ with ‘copper’.
— Figure C.3 title, replaced ‘silver’ with ‘copper’.
— Annex A heading changed to ‘informative’.
— Annex B heading changed to ‘normative’.
In addition, the following editorial changes have been made:
— Clause 3, Terms and definitions, inserted.
— 10.4 NOTE changed to body text.
— References added for all formulae.
iv © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 10258:2018(E)
Copper sulfide concentrates — Determination of copper
content — Titrimetric methods
1 Scope
This document specifies two titrimetric methods for the determination of the copper content of copper
sulfide concentrates in the range 15 % (m/m) to 50 % (m/m), using sodium thiosulfate after separation
(method 1) or without separation (method 2) of copper from interfering elements.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 385, Laboratory glassware — Burettes
ISO 648, Laboratory glassware — Single-volume pipettes
ISO 1042, Laboratory glassware — One-mark volumetric flasks
ISO 4787, Laboratory glassware — Volumetric instruments — Methods for testing of capacity and for use
ISO 9599, Copper, lead, zinc and nickel sulfide concentrates — Determination of hygroscopic moisture
content of the analysis sample — Gravimetric method
3 Terms and definitions
No terms and definitions are listed in this document.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
4 Principle
4.1 Method 1 (Long iodide method)
A test portion is decomposed in nitric and sulfuric acids, and arsenic, antimony and tin are removed
by treatment with hydrobromic acid. Copper is separated from interfering elements by precipitation
of copper sulfide with sodium thiosulfate. The precipitate is dissolved in nitric and sulfuric acids,
ammonium hydrogen difluoride is added to eliminate interference of residual iron, and excess
potassium iodide is also added. Free iodine isolated by reaction between iodide ions and copper(II) ions
is titrated with sodium thiosulfate using soluble starch as the indicator.
4.2 Method 2 (Short iodide method)
A test portion is decomposed in nitric and sulfuric acids, and arsenic, antimony and tin are removed by
treatment with hydrobromic acid. Ammonium hydrogen difluoride is added to eliminate interference
of iron, and excess potassium iodide is also added. Free iodine isolated by reaction between iodide ions
and copper(II) ions is titrated with sodium thiosulfate using soluble starch as the indicator.
5 Reagents
During the analysis, use only reagents of recognized analytical grade and distilled water or water of
equivalent purity.
5.1 Copper metal, minimum purity 99,99 %.
5.2 Potassium iodide.
5.3 Ammonium hydrogen difluoride.
5.4 Sulfuric acid, diluted 1 + 1.
Slowly add 500 ml of concentrated sulfuric acid (ρ 1,84 g/ml) to 500 ml of water, while stirring and
cooling.
5.5 Sulfuric acid, diluted 1 + 999.
Add 1 ml of dilute sulfuric acid (5.4) to 500 ml of water.
5.6 Nitrit acid, concentrated (ρ 1,42 g/ml).
5.7 Nitrit acid, diluted 1 + 1.
Slowly add 500 ml of concentrated nitric acid (5.6) to 500 ml of water.
5.8 Hydrofluoric acid (ρ 1,14 g/ml).
5.9 Bromine.
5.10 Bromine water, saturated.
5.11 Hydrobromic acid (ρ 1,50 g/ml).
5.12 Acetic acid, diluted 1 + 3.
Slowly add 25 ml of glacial acetic (ρ 1,05 g/ml) to 75 ml of water.
5.13 Nitration mixture.
Slowly add 250 ml of concentrated sulfuric acid (ρ 1,84 g/ml) to 250 ml of concentrated nitric acid (5.6).
5.14 Ammonium hydrogen difluoride, 250 g/l solution.
5.15 Sodium carbonate, 20 g/l solution.
5.16 Sodium thiosulfate
...
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 10258
Third edition
2018-02
Copper sulfide concentrates —
Determination of copper content —
Titrimetric methods
Concentrés de sulfure de cuivre — Dosage du cuivre — Méthodes
titrimétriques
Reference number
©
ISO 2018
© ISO 2018
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland
Tel. +41 22 749 01 11
Fax +41 22 749 09 47
copyright@iso.org
www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principle . 1
4.1 Method 1 (Long iodide method) . 1
4.2 Method 2 (Short iodide method). 1
5 Reagents . 2
6 Apparatus . 4
7 Sample . 4
7.1 Test sample . 4
7.2 Test portion . 4
8 Procedure. 4
8.1 Number of determinations . 4
8.2 Blank test . 5
8.3 Determination — Method 1: Long iodide method . 5
8.3.1 Decomposition of test portion . 5
8.3.2 Separation of copper . 5
8.3.3 Dissolution of copper precipitate . 6
8.3.4 Titration. 6
8.3.5 FAAS determination of copper in the insoluble residue, filtrate, and filter paper . 6
8.4 Determination — Method 2: Short iodide method . 7
8.4.1 Decomposition of the test portion . 7
8.4.2 Titration. 7
9 Expression of results . 8
10 Precision . 8
10.1 Expression of precision . 8
10.2 Method for obtaining the final result (see Annex B) . 9
10.3 Precision between laboratories . 9
10.4 Check of trueness .10
11 Test report .11
Annex A (informative) Procedure for the preparation and determination of the mass of a
predried test portion .12
Annex B (normative) Flowsheet of the procedure for the acceptance of analytical values for
test samples .14
Annex C (informative) Derivation of precision formulae .15
Bibliography .20
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following
URL: www .iso .org/ iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 183, Copper, lead, zinc and nickel ores and
concentrates.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 10258:2015), of which it is a minor
revision. Table C.1, Table C.2, Figure C.2 and Figure C.3 have been revised to correct the following
editorial errors:
— Table C.1 title, replaced ‘concentrated’ with ‘concentrate’.
— Table C.2 title, replaced ‘silver’ with ‘copper’.
— Table C.2 list at the bottom of the table, replaced ‘silver’ with ‘copper’.
— Figure C.2 title, replaced ‘silver’ with ‘copper’.
— Figure C.3 title, replaced ‘silver’ with ‘copper’.
— Annex A heading changed to ‘informative’.
— Annex B heading changed to ‘normative’.
In addition, the following editorial changes have been made:
— Clause 3, Terms and definitions, inserted.
— 10.4 NOTE changed to body text.
— References added for all formulae.
iv © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 10258:2018(E)
Copper sulfide concentrates — Determination of copper
content — Titrimetric methods
1 Scope
This document specifies two titrimetric methods for the determination of the copper content of copper
sulfide concentrates in the range 15 % (m/m) to 50 % (m/m), using sodium thiosulfate after separation
(method 1) or without separation (method 2) of copper from interfering elements.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 385, Laboratory glassware — Burettes
ISO 648, Laboratory glassware — Single-volume pipettes
ISO 1042, Laboratory glassware — One-mark volumetric flasks
ISO 4787, Laboratory glassware — Volumetric instruments — Methods for testing of capacity and for use
ISO 9599, Copper, lead, zinc and nickel sulfide concentrates — Determination of hygroscopic moisture
content of the analysis sample — Gravimetric method
3 Terms and definitions
No terms and definitions are listed in this document.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
4 Principle
4.1 Method 1 (Long iodide method)
A test portion is decomposed in nitric and sulfuric acids, and arsenic, antimony and tin are removed
by treatment with hydrobromic acid. Copper is separated from interfering elements by precipitation
of copper sulfide with sodium thiosulfate. The precipitate is dissolved in nitric and sulfuric acids,
ammonium hydrogen difluoride is added to eliminate interference of residual iron, and excess
potassium iodide is also added. Free iodine isolated by reaction between iodide ions and copper(II) ions
is titrated with sodium thiosulfate using soluble starch as the indicator.
4.2 Method 2 (Short iodide method)
A test portion is decomposed in nitric and sulfuric acids, and arsenic, antimony and tin are removed by
treatment with hydrobromic acid. Ammonium hydrogen difluoride is added to eliminate interference
of iron, and excess potassium iodide is also added. Free iodine isolated by reaction between iodide ions
and copper(II) ions is titrated with sodium thiosulfate using soluble starch as the indicator.
5 Reagents
During the analysis, use only reagents of recognized analytical grade and distilled water or water of
equivalent purity.
5.1 Copper metal, minimum purity 99,99 %.
5.2 Potassium iodide.
5.3 Ammonium hydrogen difluoride.
5.4 Sulfuric acid, diluted 1 + 1.
Slowly add 500 ml of concentrated sulfuric acid (ρ 1,84 g/ml) to 500 ml of water, while stirring and
cooling.
5.5 Sulfuric acid, diluted 1 + 999.
Add 1 ml of dilute sulfuric acid (5.4) to 500 ml of water.
5.6 Nitrit acid, concentrated (ρ 1,42 g/ml).
5.7 Nitrit acid, diluted 1 + 1.
Slowly add 500 ml of concentrated nitric acid (5.6) to 500 ml of water.
5.8 Hydrofluoric acid (ρ 1,14 g/ml).
5.9 Bromine.
5.10 Bromine water, saturated.
5.11 Hydrobromic acid (ρ 1,50 g/ml).
5.12 Acetic acid, diluted 1 + 3.
Slowly add 25 ml of glacial acetic (ρ 1,05 g/ml) to 75 ml of water.
5.13 Nitration mixture.
Slowly add 250 ml of concentrated sulfuric acid (ρ 1,84 g/ml) to 250 ml of concentrated nitric acid (5.6).
5.14 Ammonium hydrogen difluoride, 250 g/l solution.
5.15 Sodium carbonate, 20 g/l solution.
5.16 Sodium thiosulfate
...
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