oSIST prEN 301 091-1 V1.4.0:2014

Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM) - Short Range Devices - Transport and Traffic Telematics (TTT) - Radar equipment operating in the 76 GHz to 77 GHz range - Part 1: Technical characteristics and test methods for ground based vehicular radar equipment operating in the 76 GHz to 77 GHz range

Update current EN 301 091 part 1 according to TR 102704v1.2.0_004, inclusion of MOSARIM results. The update  will also include necessary changes based the latest ERC/REC 74-01 version and amendment of ERC REC 70-03 Annex5, Annex4 and the withdrawn of ECC DEC(02)01 and the results for the 5th EC SRD DEC update. This update will also include a new normative annex with all related changes between part 1 and part 2 and in the document scope for Railway crossings.

Elektromagnetna združljivost in zadeve v zvezi z radijskim spektrom (ERM) - Naprave kratkega dosega - Transportna in prometna telematika (TTT) - Radarska oprema, ki deluje v frekvenčnem območju od 76 GHz do 77 GHz - 1. del: Tehnične karakteristike in preskusne metode za talno avtomobilsko radarsko opremo, ki deluje v frekvenčnem območju od 76 GHz do 77 GHz

General Information

• Status: Not Published
• Public Enquiry End Date: 31-Oct-2014
• ICS: 33.060.99 - Other equipment for radiocommunications
• ICS: 33.100.01 - Electromagnetic compatibility in general
• ICS: 35.240.60 - IT applications in transport
• Technical Committee: MOC - Mobile Communications
• Current Stage: 4020 - Public enquire (PE) (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 28-Aug-2014
• Due Date: 15-Jan-2015
• Completion Date: 07-Oct-2014
• Ref Project: ETSI EN 301 091-1 V1.4.0 (2014-07) - Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Short Range Devices; Transport and Traffic Telematics (TTT); Radar equipment operating in the 76 GHz to 77 GHz range; Part 1: Technical characteristics and test methods for ground based vehicular radar equipment operating in the 76 GHz to 77 GHz range

Standards Content (Sample)

Draft ETSI EN 301 091-1 V1.4.0 (2014-07)






EUROPEAN STANDARD
Electromagnetic compatibility
and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM);
Short Range Devices;
Transport and Traffic Telematics (TTT);
Radar equipment operating in the 76 GHz to 77 GHz range;
Part 1: Technical characteristics and test methods for
ground based vehicular radar equipment operating
in the 76 GHz to 77 GHz range

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2 Draft ETSI EN 301 091-1 V1.4.0 (2014-07)



Reference
REN/ERM-TGSRR-065-1
Keywords
radar, radio, testing
ETSI
650 Route des Lucioles
F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE

Tel.: [phone]  Fax: [phone]

Siret N° 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C
Association à but non lucratif enregistrée à la
Sous-Préfecture de Grasse (06) N° 7803/88

Important notice
The present document can be downloaded from:
http://www.etsi.org
The present document may be made available in electronic versions and/or in print. The content of any electronic and/or
print versions of the present document shall not be modified without the prior written authorization of ETSI. In case of any
existing or perceived difference in contents between such versions and/or in print, the only prevailing document is the
print of the Portable Document Format (PDF) version kept on a specific network drive within ETSI Secretariat.
Users of the present document should be aware that the document may be subject to revision or change of status.
Information on the current status of this and other ETSI documents is available at
http://portal.etsi.org/tb/status/status.asp
If you find errors in the present document, please send your comment to one of the following services:
http://portal.etsi.org/chaircor/ETSI_support.asp
Copyright Notification
No part may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying
and microfilm except as authorized by written permission of ETSI.
The content of the PDF version shall not be modified without the written authorization of ETSI.
The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media.

© European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2014.
All rights reserved.

TM TM TM
DECT , PLUGTESTS , UMTS and the ETSI logo are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members.
TM
3GPP and LTE™ are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and
of the 3GPP Organizational Partners.
GSM® and the GSM logo are Trade Marks registered and owned by the GSM Association.
ETSI

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3 Draft ETSI EN 301 091-1 V1.4.0 (2014-07)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 5
Foreword . 5
Modal verbs terminology . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 References . 6
2.1 Normative references . 6
2.2 Informative references . 7
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations . 7
3.1 Definitions . 7
3.2 Symbols . 9
3.3 Abbreviations . 9
4 Technical requirements specifications . 10
4.1 Equipment requirements for testing purposes . 10
4.1.1 Choice of model for testing . 10
4.2 Mechanical and electrical design . 11
4.3 Auxiliary test equipment . 11
4.4 Interpretation of the measurement results . 11
5 Test conditions, power sources and ambient temperatures . 11
5.1 Normal and extreme test conditions . 11
5.2 External test power source. 11
5.3 Normal test conditions . 11
5.3.1 Normal temperature and humidity . 11
5.3.2 Normal test power source . 12
5.3.2.1 Mains voltage . 12
5.3.2.2 Other power sources . 12
5.4 Extreme test conditions . 12
5.4.1 Extreme temperatures . 12
5.4.1.1 Procedure for tests at extreme temperatures . 12
5.4.1.2 Extreme temperature ranges . 12
5.4.2 Extreme test source voltages . 12
5.4.2.1 Mains voltage . 12
5.4.2.2 Other power sources . 13
6 General conditions . 13
6.1 Test fixture . 13
6.1.1 Calibration . 14
6.1.2 General requirements for RF cables and waveguides . 14
6.1.3 Shielded anechoic chamber. 14
7 Methods of measurement and limits for transmitter parameters . 15
7.1 Permitted range of operating frequencies . 16
7.1.1 Definition . 16
7.1.2 Method of measurement . 16
7.1.3 Limits . 16
7.2 Radiated power measurement (e.i.r.p.) . 17
7.2.1 Definition . 17
7.2.1.1 Radiated mean power (e.i.r.p.) . 17
7.2.1.2 Maximum radiated peak power (e.i.r.p.) . 17
7.2.2 Method of measurements . 17
7.2.2.1 Maximum radiated mean power (e.i.r.p.) . 17
7.2.2.2 maximum radiated peak power (e.i.r.p.) . 18
7.2.2.3 Equipment with a fixed beam antenna (i.e. non-steerable by either mechanical or electronic
means) . 19
ETSI

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4 Draft ETSI EN 301 091-1 V1.4.0 (2014-07)
7.2.2.4 Equipment with (electronically or mechanically) steerable antenna(s) . 19
7.2.3 Limits . 19
7.2.3.1 Equipment with fixed beam antenna . 20
7.2.3.2 Equipment with (electronically or mechanically) steerable antennas . 20
7.3 Out-of-band emissions . 20
7.3.1 Definitions . 20
7.3.2 Measuring receiver . 20
7.3.3 Method of measurement . 21
7.3.4 Limits . 21
7.4 Radiated spurious emissions. 22
7.4.1 Definition . 22
7.4.2 Measuring receiver . 23
7.4.3 Method of measurement for radiated spurious emissions . 23
7.4.4 Limits . 24
8 Receiver . 24
8.1 Receiver radiated spurious emissions . 24
8.1.1 Definition . 24
8.1.2 Method of measurement - radiated spurious emissions . 24
8.1.3 Limit . 25
9 Measurement uncertainty . 25
Annex A (normative): Radiated measurements . 26
A.1 Test sites and general arrangements for measurements involving the use of radiated fields . 26
A.1.1 Open Area Test Site (OATS) . 26
A.1.2 Test antenna . 27
A.1.3 Standard position . 27
A.1.4 Indoor test site . 27
A.2 Guidance on the use of radiation test sites . 28
A.2.1 Measuring distance . 28
A.2.2 Test antenna . 28
A.2.3 Substitution antenna . 29
A.2.4 Auxiliary cables . 29
A.3 Alternative test site using a fully anechoic RF chamber . 29
A.3.1 Example of the construction of a shielded anechoic chamber . 29
A.3.2 Influence of parasitic reflections in anechoic chambers . 30
A.3.3 Calibration of the shielded RF anechoic chamber . 30
Annex B (normative): General description of measurement methods . 32
B.1 Radiated measurements . 32
Annex C (informative): Example: How to convert of power density to e.i.r.p. . 34
C.1 Assumptions . 34
C.2 Calculation Example . 34
Annex D (informative): Bibliography . 35
History . 36

ETSI

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5 Draft ETSI EN 301 091-1 V1.4.0 (2014-07)
Intellectual Property Rights
IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found
in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in
respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web
server (http://ipr.etsi.org).
Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee
can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web
server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.
Foreword
This draft European Standard (EN) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Electromagnetic compatibility
and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM), and is now submitted for the combined Public Enquiry and Vote phase of the ETSI
standards EN Approval Procedure.
For non EU countries the present document may be used for regulatory (Type Approval) purposes.
Where equipment compliant with the present document is intended for fitment into vehicles, then it is subject to
automotive EMC type approval under directive 2004/104/EC [i.5]. For use on vehicles outside the scope of
2004/104/EC [i.5] another EMC directive/standard appropriate for that use applies.
The present document is part 1 of a multi-part deliverable covering Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum
Matters (ERM); Short Range Devices; Transport and Traffic Telematics (TTT); Radar equipment operating in the
76 GHz to 77 GHz range, as identified below:
Part 1: "Technical characteristics and test methods for ground based vehicular radar equipment operating
in the 76 GHz to 77 GHz range";
Part 2: "Harmonized EN covering the essential requirements of article 3.2 of the R&TTE Directive for Ground
based vehicular radar equipment operating in the 76 GHz to 77 GHz range";
Part 3: "Harmonized EN covering the essential requirements of article 3.2 of the R&TTE Directive for
Railway/Road Crossings obstacle detection system applications operating in the 76 GHz to 77 GHz
range".

Proposed national transposition dates
Date of latest announcement of this EN (doa): 3 months after ETSI publication
Date of latest publication of new National Standard
or endorsement of this EN (dop/e): 6 months after doa
Date of withdrawal of any conflicting National Standard (dow): 6 months after doa

Modal verbs terminology
In the present document "shall", "shall not", "should", "should not", "may", "may not", "need", "need not", "will",
"will not", "can" and "cannot" are to be interpreted as described in clause 3.2 of the ETSI Drafting Rules (Verbal forms
for the expression of provisions).
"must" and "must not" are NOT allowed in ETSI deliverables except when used in direct citation.
ETSI

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6 Draft ETSI EN 301 091-1 V1.4.0 (2014-07)
1 Scope
The present document covers radar applications for ground based vehicle applications in the frequency range from
76 GHz to 77 GHz. It covers integrated transceivers and separate transmit/receive modules.
Also the present document specifies the requirements for Short Range Devices (SRD) intended for the use in ground
based vehicles applications such as Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC), Collision Warning (CW), Anti-Collision (AC)
systems, obstacle detection, Stop and Go, blind spot detection, parking aid, backup aid and other future applications.
NOTE 1: High safety ratings (e.g. EURO NCAP) can only be obtained if such radar based safety applications are
installed in a vehicle. The definition of "ground based vehicle" includes but is not limited to passenger
cars, busses, trucks, rail engines, ships, aircraft while taxing.
NOTE 2: EURO ENCAP: Euro NCAP organizes crash-tests and provides motoring consumers with a realistic and
independent assessment of the safety performance of some of the most popular cars sold in Europe.
Established in 1997, Euro NCAP is composed of seven European Governments as well as motoring and
consumer organizations in every European country.
The document applies to:
• equipment with an integral antenna;
• ground based vehicle applications only;
• operating in the frequency range from 76 GHz to 77 GHz.
The present document contains the technical characteristics and test methods for ground based vehicle radar equipment
fitted with integral antennas operating in the frequency range from 76 GHz to 77 GHz and references CEPT/ERC/ECC
Recommendation 70-03 [i.1], CEPT/ECC Decision (12)04 [i.2] and EC DEC (2011/829/EU) [i.9].
The present document does not necessarily include all the characteristics which may be required by a user, nor does it
necessarily represent the optimum performance achievable.
2 References
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
reference document (including any amendments) applies.
Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at
http://docbox.etsi.org/Reference.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
2.1 Normative references
The following referenced documents are necessary for the application of the present document.
[1] CISPR 16: "Specifications for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods".
[2] ETSI TR 100 028 (all parts): "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM);
Uncertainties in the measurement of mobile radio equipment characteristics".
ETSI

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7 Draft ETSI EN 301 091-1 V1.4.0 (2014-07)
2.2 Informative references
The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the
user with regard to a particular subject area.
[i.1] CEPT/ERC Recommendation 70-03 (24 May 2013): "Relating to the use of Short Range Devices
(SRD)", ANNEX 5.
[i.2] CEPT/ECC/DEC(12)04: "ECC Decision of 02 November 2012 on the withdrawal of ECC
Decision (02)01".
[i.3] COMMISSION IMPLEMENTING DECISION of 11 December 2013 (2013/752/EU) amending
Decision 2006/771/EC on harmonisation of the radio spectrum for use by short-range devices and
repealing Decision 2005/928/EC.
[i.4] CEPT/ERC/Recommendation 74-01: "Unwanted emissions in the spurious domain".
[i.5] Commission Directive 2004/104/EC of 14 October 2004 adapting to technical progress Council
Directive 72/245/EEC relating to the radio interference (electromagnetic compatibility) of vehicles
and amending Directive 70/156/EEC on the approximation of the laws of the Member States
relating to the type-approval of motor vehicles and their trailers.
[i.6] ETSI TR 102 704 (V1.2.1): "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters
(ERM);System Reference Document; Short Range Devices (SRD); Radar sensors for non-
automotive; ground based vehicular applications in the 76 GHz to 77 GHz frequency range".
[i.7] Void.
[i.8] Void.
[i.9] EC Decision 2011/829/EU amending Decision 2006/771/EC on harmonisation of the radio
spectrum for use by short-range devices.
[i.10] ETSI TR 102 273-2: "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM);
Improvement on Radiated Methods of Measurement (using test site) and evaluation of the
corresponding measurement uncertainties; Part 2: Anechoic chamber".
[i.11] Recommendation ITU-R SM.1754: "Measurement techniques of ultra-wideband transmissions".
[i.12] CEPT/ERC Recommendation 01-06: "Procedure for mutual recognition of type testing and type
approval for radio equipment".
[i.13] Void.
[i.14] Recommendation ITU-R SM.329-12 (09/2012): "Unwanted emissions in the spurious domain, SM
Series, Spectrum management".
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations
3.1 Definitions
For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply:
antenna cycle: one complete sweep of a mechanically or electronically scanned antenna beam along a predefined
spatial path
antenna scan duty factor: ratio of the area of the beam (measured at its 3 dB point) to the total area scanned by the
antenna (as measured at its 3 dB point)
assigned frequency band: frequency band within which the device is authorized to operate
ETSI

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8 Draft ETSI EN 301 091-1 V1.4.0 (2014-07)
associated antenna: antenna and all its associated components which are designed as an indispensable part of the
equipment
average time: time interval on which a mean measurement is integrated
blanking period: time period where no intentional emission occurs
duty cycle: ratio of the total on time of the "message" to the total off-time in any one hour period
dwell time: accumulated amount of transmission time of uninterrupted continuous transmission within a single given
frequency channel and within one channel repetition interval
Equipment Under Test: radar sensor including the integrated antenna together with any external antenna components
which affect or influence its performance
equivalent isotropically radiated power (e.i.r.p.): total power or power density transmitted, assuming an isotropic
radiator
NOTE: e.i.r.p. is conventionally the product of "power or power density into the antenna" and "antenna gain".
E.i.r.p. is used for both peak or average power and peak or average power density.
equivalent pulse power duration: duration of an ideal rectangular pulse which has the same content of energy
compared with the pulse shape of the EUT with pulsed modulation or time gating
2
far field measurements: measurement where distance should be a minimum of 2d /λ , where d = largest dimension of
λ is the operating wavelength of the EUT
the antenna aperture of the EUT and
ground based vehicle: includes but is not limited to passenger cars, busses, trucks, rail engines, ships, aircraft while
taxiing
NOTE: For details see [i.6].
mean power: power supplied from the antenna during an interval of time sufficiently long compared with the lowest
frequency encountered in the modulation taken under normal operating conditions
NOTE: For pulsed systems the mean power is equal the peak envelope power multiplied by the time gating duty
factor. For CW systems without further time gating the mean power is equal the transmission power
without modulation.
on-off gating: methods of transmission with fixed or randomly quiescent period that is much larger than the PRF
operating frequency (operating centre frequency): nominal frequency at which equipment is operated
NOTE: Equipment may be able to operate at more than one operating frequency.
operating frequency range: range of operating frequencies over which the equipment can be adjusted through
switching or reprogramming or oscillator tuning
NOTE 1: For pulsed or phase shifting systems without further carrier tuning the operating frequency range is fixed
on a single carrier line.
NOTE 2: For analogue or discrete frequency modulated systems (FSK, FMCW) the operating frequency range
covers the difference between minimum and maximum of all carrier frequencies on which the equipment
can be adjusted.
peak envelope power: mean power (round mean square for sinusoidal carrier wave type) supplied from the antenna
during one radio frequency cycle at the crest of the modulation envelope taken under normal operating conditions
Power Spectral Density: ratio of the amount of power to the used radio measurement bandwidth
NOTE: It is expressed in units of dBm/Hz or as a power in unit dBm with respect to the used bandwidth. In case
of measurement with a spectrum analyser the measurement bandwidth is equal to the RBW.
Pulse Repetition Frequency: inverse of the Pulse Repetition Interval, averaged over a time sufficiently long as to
cover all PRI variations
Pulse Repetition Interval: time between the rising edges of the transmitted (pulsed) output power
ETSI

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9 Draft ETSI EN 301 091-1 V1.4.0 (2014-07)
quiescent period: time i
...

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 301 091-1 V1.4.0:2014
01-oktober-2014
(OHNWURPDJQHWQD]GUXåOMLYRVWLQ]DGHYHY]YH]L]UDGLMVNLPVSHNWURP(50
1DSUDYHNUDWNHJDGRVHJD7UDQVSRUWQDLQSURPHWQDWHOHPDWLND7775DGDUVND
RSUHPDNLGHOXMHYIUHNYHQþQHPREPRþMXRG*+]GR*+]GHO7HKQLþQH
NDUDNWHULVWLNHLQSUHVNXVQHPHWRGH]DWDOQRDYWRPRELOVNRUDGDUVNRRSUHPRNL
GHOXMHYIUHNYHQþQHPREPRþMXRG*+]GR*+]
Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM) - Short Range
Devices; Transport and Traffic Telematics (TTT) - Radar equipment operating in the 76
GHz to 77 GHz range - Part 1: Technical characteristics and test methods for ground
based vehicular radar equipment operating in the 76 GHz to 77 GHz range
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 301 091-1 Version 1.4.0
ICS:
33.060.99 Druga oprema za radijske Other equipment for
komunikacije radiocommunications
33.100.01 Elektromagnetna združljivost Electromagnetic compatibility
na splošno in general
35.240.60 Uporabniške rešitve IT v IT applications in transport
transportu in trgovini and trade
oSIST prEN 301 091-1 V1.4.0:2014 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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oSIST prEN 301 091-1 V1.4.0:2014

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oSIST prEN 301 091-1 V1.4.0:2014
Draft ETSI EN 301 091-1 V1.4.0 (2014-07)






EUROPEAN STANDARD
Electromagnetic compatibility
and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM);
Short Range Devices;
Transport and Traffic Telematics (TTT);
Radar equipment operating in the 76 GHz to 77 GHz range;
Part 1: Technical characteristics and test methods for
ground based vehicular radar equipment operating
in the 76 GHz to 77 GHz range

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oSIST prEN 301 091-1 V1.4.0:2014
 2 Draft ETSI EN 301 091-1 V1.4.0 (2014-07)



Reference
REN/ERM-TGSRR-065-1
Keywords
radar, radio, testing
ETSI
650 Route des Lucioles
F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE

Tel.: [phone]  Fax: [phone]

Siret N° 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C
Association à but non lucratif enregistrée à la
Sous-Préfecture de Grasse (06) N° 7803/88

Important notice
The present document can be downloaded from:
http://www.etsi.org
The present document may be made available in electronic versions and/or in print. The content of any electronic and/or
print versions of the present document shall not be modified without the prior written authorization of ETSI. In case of any
existing or perceived difference in contents between such versions and/or in print, the only prevailing document is the
print of the Portable Document Format (PDF) version kept on a specific network drive within ETSI Secretariat.
Users of the present document should be aware that the document may be subject to revision or change of status.
Information on the current status of this and other ETSI documents is available at
http://portal.etsi.org/tb/status/status.asp
If you find errors in the present document, please send your comment to one of the following services:
http://portal.etsi.org/chaircor/ETSI_support.asp
Copyright Notification
No part may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying
and microfilm except as authorized by written permission of ETSI.
The content of the PDF version shall not be modified without the written authorization of ETSI.
The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media.

© European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2014.
All rights reserved.

TM TM TM
DECT , PLUGTESTS , UMTS and the ETSI logo are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members.
TM
3GPP and LTE™ are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and
of the 3GPP Organizational Partners.
GSM® and the GSM logo are Trade Marks registered and owned by the GSM Association.
ETSI

---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 301 091-1 V1.4.0:2014
 3 Draft ETSI EN 301 091-1 V1.4.0 (2014-07)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 5
Foreword . 5
Modal verbs terminology . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 References . 6
2.1 Normative references . 6
2.2 Informative references . 7
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations . 7
3.1 Definitions . 7
3.2 Symbols . 9
3.3 Abbreviations . 9
4 Technical requirements specifications . 10
4.1 Equipment requirements for testing purposes . 10
4.1.1 Choice of model for testing . 10
4.2 Mechanical and electrical design . 11
4.3 Auxiliary test equipment . 11
4.4 Interpretation of the measurement results . 11
5 Test conditions, power sources and ambient temperatures . 11
5.1 Normal and extreme test conditions . 11
5.2 External test power source. 11
5.3 Normal test conditions . 11
5.3.1 Normal temperature and humidity . 11
5.3.2 Normal test power source . 12
5.3.2.1 Mains voltage . 12
5.3.2.2 Other power sources . 12
5.4 Extreme test conditions . 12
5.4.1 Extreme temperatures . 12
5.4.1.1 Procedure for tests at extreme temperatures . 12
5.4.1.2 Extreme temperature ranges . 12
5.4.2 Extreme test source voltages . 12
5.4.2.1 Mains voltage . 12
5.4.2.2 Other power sources . 13
6 General conditions . 13
6.1 Test fixture . 13
6.1.1 Calibration . 14
6.1.2 General requirements for RF cables and waveguides . 14
6.1.3 Shielded anechoic chamber. 14
7 Methods of measurement and limits for transmitter parameters . 15
7.1 Permitted range of operating frequencies . 16
7.1.1 Definition . 16
7.1.2 Method of measurement . 16
7.1.3 Limits . 16
7.2 Radiated power measurement (e.i.r.p.) . 17
7.2.1 Definition . 17
7.2.1.1 Radiated mean power (e.i.r.p.) . 17
7.2.1.2 Maximum radiated peak power (e.i.r.p.) . 17
7.2.2 Method of measurements . 17
7.2.2.1 Maximum radiated mean power (e.i.r.p.) . 17
7.2.2.2 maximum radiated peak power (e.i.r.p.) . 18
7.2.2.3 Equipment with a fixed beam antenna (i.e. non-steerable by either mechanical or electronic
means) . 19
ETSI

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oSIST prEN 301 091-1 V1.4.0:2014
 4 Draft ETSI EN 301 091-1 V1.4.0 (2014-07)
7.2.2.4 Equipment with (electronically or mechanically) steerable antenna(s) . 19
7.2.3 Limits . 19
7.2.3.1 Equipment with fixed beam antenna . 20
7.2.3.2 Equipment with (electronically or mechanically) steerable antennas . 20
7.3 Out-of-band emissions . 20
7.3.1 Definitions . 20
7.3.2 Measuring receiver . 20
7.3.3 Method of measurement . 21
7.3.4 Limits . 21
7.4 Radiated spurious emissions. 22
7.4.1 Definition . 22
7.4.2 Measuring receiver . 23
7.4.3 Method of measurement for radiated spurious emissions . 23
7.4.4 Limits . 24
8 Receiver . 24
8.1 Receiver radiated spurious emissions . 24
8.1.1 Definition . 24
8.1.2 Method of measurement - radiated spurious emissions . 24
8.1.3 Limit . 25
9 Measurement uncertainty . 25
Annex A (normative): Radiated measurements . 26
A.1 Test sites and general arrangements for measurements involving the use of radiated fields . 26
A.1.1 Open Area Test Site (OATS) . 26
A.1.2 Test antenna . 27
A.1.3 Standard position . 27
A.1.4 Indoor test site . 27
A.2 Guidance on the use of radiation test sites . 28
A.2.1 Measuring distance . 28
A.2.2 Test antenna . 28
A.2.3 Substitution antenna . 29
A.2.4 Auxiliary cables . 29
A.3 Alternative test site using a fully anechoic RF chamber . 29
A.3.1 Example of the construction of a shielded anechoic chamber . 29
A.3.2 Influence of parasitic reflections in anechoic chambers . 30
A.3.3 Calibration of the shielded RF anechoic chamber . 30
Annex B (normative): General description of measurement methods . 32
B.1 Radiated measurements . 32
Annex C (informative): Example: How to convert of power density to e.i.r.p. . 34
C.1 Assumptions . 34
C.2 Calculation Example . 34
Annex D (informative): Bibliography . 35
History . 36

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 5 Draft ETSI EN 301 091-1 V1.4.0 (2014-07)
Intellectual Property Rights
IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found
in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in
respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web
server (http://ipr.etsi.org).
Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee
can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web
server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.
Foreword
This draft European Standard (EN) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Electromagnetic compatibility
and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM), and is now submitted for the combined Public Enquiry and Vote phase of the ETSI
standards EN Approval Procedure.
For non EU countries the present document may be used for regulatory (Type Approval) purposes.
Where equipment compliant with the present document is intended for fitment into vehicles, then it is subject to
automotive EMC type approval under directive 2004/104/EC [i.5]. For use on vehicles outside the scope of
2004/104/EC [i.5] another EMC directive/standard appropriate for that use applies.
The present document is part 1 of a multi-part deliverable covering Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum
Matters (ERM); Short Range Devices; Transport and Traffic Telematics (TTT); Radar equipment operating in the
76 GHz to 77 GHz range, as identified below:
Part 1: "Technical characteristics and test methods for ground based vehicular radar equipment operating
in the 76 GHz to 77 GHz range";
Part 2: "Harmonized EN covering the essential requirements of article 3.2 of the R&TTE Directive for Ground
based vehicular radar equipment operating in the 76 GHz to 77 GHz range";
Part 3: "Harmonized EN covering the essential requirements of article 3.2 of the R&TTE Directive for
Railway/Road Crossings obstacle detection system applications operating in the 76 GHz to 77 GHz
range".

Proposed national transposition dates
Date of latest announcement of this EN (doa): 3 months after ETSI publication
Date of latest publication of new National Standard
or endorsement of this EN (dop/e): 6 months after doa
Date of withdrawal of any conflicting National Standard (dow): 6 months after doa

Modal verbs terminology
In the present document "shall", "shall not", "should", "should not", "may", "may not", "need", "need not", "will",
"will not", "can" and "cannot" are to be interpreted as described in clause 3.2 of the ETSI Drafting Rules (Verbal forms
for the expression of provisions).
"must" and "must not" are NOT allowed in ETSI deliverables except when used in direct citation.
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1 Scope
The present document covers radar applications for ground based vehicle applications in the frequency range from
76 GHz to 77 GHz. It covers integrated transceivers and separate transmit/receive modules.
Also the present document specifies the requirements for Short Range Devices (SRD) intended for the use in ground
based vehicles applications such as Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC), Collision Warning (CW), Anti-Collision (AC)
systems, obstacle detection, Stop and Go, blind spot detection, parking aid, backup aid and other future applications.
NOTE 1: High safety ratings (e.g. EURO NCAP) can only be obtained if such radar based safety applications are
installed in a vehicle. The definition of "ground based vehicle" includes but is not limited to passenger
cars, busses, trucks, rail engines, ships, aircraft while taxing.
NOTE 2: EURO ENCAP: Euro NCAP organizes crash-tests and provides motoring consumers with a realistic and
independent assessment of the safety performance of some of the most popular cars sold in Europe.
Established in 1997, Euro NCAP is composed of seven European Governments as well as motoring and
consumer organizations in every European country.
The document applies to:
• equipment with an integral antenna;
• ground based vehicle applications only;
• operating in the frequency range from 76 GHz to 77 GHz.
The present document contains the technical characteristics and test methods for ground based vehicle radar equipment
fitted with integral antennas operating in the frequency range from 76 GHz to 77 GHz and references CEPT/ERC/ECC
Recommendation 70-03 [i.1], CEPT/ECC Decision (12)04 [i.2] and EC DEC (2011/829/EU) [i.9].
The present document does not necessarily include all the characteristics which may be required by a user, nor does it
necessarily represent the optimum performance achievable.
2 References
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
reference document (including any amendments) applies.
Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at
http://docbox.etsi.org/Reference.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
2.1 Normative references
The following referenced documents are necessary for the application of the present document.
[1] CISPR 16: "Specifications for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods".
[2] ETSI TR 100 028 (all parts): "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM);
Uncertainties in the measurement of mobile radio equipment characteristics".
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2.2 Informative references
The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the
user with regard to a particular subject area.
[i.1] CEPT/ERC Recommendation 70-03 (24 May 2013): "Relating to the use of Short Range Devices
(SRD)", ANNEX 5.
[i.2] CEPT/ECC/DEC(12)04: "ECC Decision of 02 November 2012 on the withdrawal of ECC
Decision (02)01".
[i.3] COMMISSION IMPLEMENTING DECISION of 11 December 2013 (2013/752/EU) amending
Decision 2006/771/EC on harmonisation of the radio spectrum for use by short-range devices and
repealing Decision 2005/928/EC.
[i.4] CEPT/ERC/Recommendation 74-01: "Unwanted emissions in the spurious domain".
[i.5] Commission Directive 2004/104/EC of 14 October 2004 adapting to technical progress Council
Directive 72/245/EEC relating to the radio interference (electromagnetic compatibility) of vehicles
and amending Directive 70/156/EEC on the approximation of the laws of the Member States
relating to the type-approval of motor vehicles and their trailers.
[i.6] ETSI TR 102 704 (V1.2.1): "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters
(ERM);System Reference Document; Short Range Devices (SRD); Radar sensors for non-
automotive; ground based vehicular applications in the 76 GHz to 77 GHz frequency range".
[i.7] Void.
[i.8] Void.
[i.9] EC Decision 2011/829/EU amending Decision 2006/771/EC on harmonisation of the radio
spectrum for use by short-range devices.
[i.10] ETSI TR 102 273-2: "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM);
Improvement on Radiated Methods of Measurement (using test site) and evaluation of the
corresponding measurement uncertainties; Part 2: Anechoic chamber".
[i.11] Recommendation ITU-R SM.1754: "Measurement techniques of ultra-wideband transmissions".
[i.12] CEPT/ERC Recommendation 01-06: "Procedure for mutual recognition of type testing and type
approval for radio equipment".
[i.13] Void.
[i.14] Recommendation ITU-R SM.329-12 (09/2012): "Unwanted emissions in the spurious domain, SM
Series, Spectrum management".
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations
3.1 Definitions
For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply:
antenna cycle: one complete sweep of a mechanically or electronically scanned antenna beam along a predefined
spatial path
antenna scan duty factor: ratio of the area of the beam (measured at its 3 dB point) to the total area scanned by the
antenna (as measured at its 3 dB point)
assigned frequency band: frequency band within which the device is authorized to operate
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associated antenna: antenna and all its associated components which are designed as an indispensable part of the
equipment
average time: time interval on which a mean measurement is integrated
blanking period: time period where no intentional emission occurs
duty cycle: ratio of the total on time of the "message" to the total off-time in any one hour period
dwell time: accumulated amount of transmission time of uninterrupted continuous transmission within a single given
frequency channel and within one channel repetition interval
Equipment Under Test: radar sensor including the integrated antenna together with any external antenna components
which affect or influence its performance
equivalent isotropically radiated power (e.i.r.p.): total power or power density transmitted, assuming an isotropic
radiator
NOTE: e.i.r.p. is conventionally the product of "power or power density into the antenna" and "antenna gain".
E.i.r.p. is used for both peak or average power and peak or average power density.
equivalent pulse power duration: duration of an ideal rectangular pulse which has the same content of energy
compared with the pulse shape of the EUT with pulsed modulation or time gating
2
far field measurements: measurement where distance should be a minimum of 2d /λ , where d = largest dimension of
λ is the operating wavelength of the EUT
the antenna aperture of the EUT and
ground based vehicle: includes but is not limited to passenger cars, busses, trucks, rail engines, ships, aircraft while
taxiing
NOTE: For details see [i.6].
mean power: power supplied from the antenna during an interval of time sufficiently long compared with the lowest
frequency encountered in the modulation taken under normal operating conditions
NOTE: For pulsed systems the mean power is equal the peak envelope power multiplied by the time gating duty
factor. For CW systems without further time gating the mean power is equal the transmission power
without modulation.
on-off gating: methods of transmission
...