D04.31 - Calcium and Sodium Chlorides and Other Deicing Materials

ABSTRACT
This specification covers technical grade calcium chloride typically used for, but not limited to, dust control, stabilization, ice/snow removal, other road-conditioning purposes, acceleration of the set of concrete, and as a desiccant. Two types of calcium chloride are covered, as follows: Type S (solid), flake, pellet, or granular calcium chloride in varying concentrations; and Type L (liquid), water solutions of calcium chloride in varying concentrations. Concentrations shall be expressed as a percentage of the total. Impurities such as alkali chlorides, magnesium, and calcium hydroxide should be within specified composition limits.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers calcium chloride, technical grade, typically used for, but not limited to, dust control, stabilization, ice/snow removal, other road-conditioning purposes, acceleration of the set of concrete, and as a desiccant.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.  
1.3 For purposes of determining conformance to this specification, values for chemical analysis shall be rounded to the nearest 0.1 %, and values for grading shall be rounded to the nearest 1 %, in accordance with the rounding method in Practice E29.  
1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes, which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
A1.2 Significance and Use
A1.2.1 The procedure for chemical analysis in this annex determines the total amount of chlorides present in the sample and expresses that value as sodium chloride.
A1.2.2 This rapid method of analysis does not distinguish between sodium chloride and other evaporite chloride compounds with ice-melting capabilities. Typical rock salt and solar salt sometimes contains small amounts of CaCl2, MgCl2, and KCl, depending on the source of the material. When this rapid method is used on continuing shipments from a known source, it will provide a fast, essentially accurate determination of the sodium chloride content of the material furnished. Thus, the need for testing by the referee method, Test Method E534, is reduced.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers sodium chloride intended for use as a deicer and for road construction or maintenance purposes.  
1.2 The values stated as SI units are to be regarded as the standard.  
1.3 For purposes of determining conformance to this specification, values for chemical analysis shall be rounded to the nearest 0.1 %, and values for grading shall be rounded to the nearest 1 %, in accordance with the rounding method in Practice E29.  
1.4 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes shall not be considered as requirements of the specification.  
1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method in Annex A1 of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
A1.2 Significance and Use
A1.2.1 The procedure for chemical analysis in this annex determines the total amount of chlorides present in the sample and expresses that value as sodium chloride.
A1.2.2 This rapid method of analysis does not distinguish between sodium chloride and other evaporite chloride compounds with ice-melting capabilities. Typical rock salt and solar salt sometimes contains small amounts of CaCl2, MgCl2, and KCl, depending on the source of the material. When this rapid method is used on continuing shipments from a known source, it will provide a fast, essentially accurate determination of the sodium chloride content of the material furnished. Thus, the need for testing by the referee method, Test Method E534, is reduced.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers sodium chloride intended for use as a deicer and for road construction or maintenance purposes.  
1.2 The values stated as SI units are to be regarded as the standard.  
1.3 For purposes of determining conformance to this specification, values for chemical analysis shall be rounded to the nearest 0.1 %, and values for grading shall be rounded to the nearest 1 %, in accordance with the rounding method in Practice E29.  
1.4 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes shall not be considered as requirements of the specification.  
1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method in Annex A1 of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers technical grade calcium chloride typically used for, but not limited to, dust control, stabilization, ice/snow removal, other road-conditioning purposes, acceleration of the set of concrete, and as a desiccant. Two types of calcium chloride are covered, as follows: Type S (solid), flake, pellet, or granular calcium chloride in varying concentrations; and Type L (liquid), water solutions of calcium chloride in varying concentrations. Concentrations shall be expressed as a percentage of the total. Impurities such as alkali chlorides, magnesium, and calcium hydroxide should be within specified composition limits.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers calcium chloride, technical grade, typically used for, but not limited to, dust control, stabilization, ice/snow removal, other road-conditioning purposes, acceleration of the set of concrete, and as a desiccant.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.  
1.3 For purposes of determining conformance to this specification, values for chemical analysis shall be rounded to the nearest 0.1 %, and values for grading shall be rounded to the nearest 1 %, in accordance with the rounding method in Practice E29.  
1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes, which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers technical grade calcium chloride typically used for, but not limited to, dust control, stabilization, ice/snow removal, other road-conditioning purposes, acceleration of the set of concrete, and as a desiccant. Two types of calcium chloride are covered, as follows: Type S (solid), flake, pellet, or granular calcium chloride in varying concentrations; and Type L (liquid), water solutions of calcium chloride in varying concentrations. Concentrations shall be expressed as a percentage of the total. Impurities such as alkali chlorides, magnesium, and calcium hydroxide should be within specified composition limits.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers calcium chloride, technical grade, typically used for, but not limited to, dust control, stabilization, ice/snow removal, other road-conditioning purposes, acceleration of the set of concrete, and as a desiccant.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.  
1.3 For purposes of determining conformance to this specification, values for chemical analysis shall be rounded to the nearest 0.1 %, and values for grading shall be rounded to the nearest 1 %, in accordance with the rounding method in Practice E29.  
1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes, which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
A1.2.1 The procedure for chemical analysis in this annex determines the total amount of chlorides present in the sample and expresses that value as sodium chloride.
A1.2.2 This rapid method of analysis does not distinguish between sodium chloride and other evaporite chloride compounds with ice-melting capabilities. Typical rock salt and solar salt sometimes contains small amounts of CaCl2, MgCl2, and KCl, depending on the source of the material. When this rapid method is used on continuing shipments from a known source, it will provide a fast, essentially accurate determination of the sodium chloride content of the material furnished. Thus, the need for testing by the referee method, Test Method E 534, is reduced.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers sodium chloride intended for use as a deicer and for road construction or maintenance purposes.
1.2 The values stated as SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.3 For purposes of determining conformance to this specification, values for chemical analysis shall be rounded to the nearest 0.1 %, and values for grading shall be rounded to the nearest 1 %, in accordance with the rounding method in Practice E 29.
1.4 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes shall not be considered as requirements of the specification.
1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method in Annex A1, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
A1.1.1 This annex covers a rapid method for chemical analysis of sodium chloride.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers testing and property requirements of two types and two grades of sodium chloride obtained from natural deposits (rock salt) or produced by man (evaporated, solar, and others), intended for use as a deicer and for road construction or maintenance purposes. Type I is used primarily as a pavement deicer or in aggregate stabilization. This type is further subdivided into Grade 1 (standard grading) and Grade 2 (special grading). Type II, is used in aggregate stabilization or for purposes other than deicing. The sodium chloride shall be sampled, tested, and conform to chemical and physical requirements discussed herein.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers sodium chloride intended for use as a deicer and for road construction or maintenance purposes.
1.2 The values stated as SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.3 For purposes of determining conformance to this specification, values for chemical analysis shall be rounded to the nearest 0.1 %, and values for grading shall be rounded to the nearest 1 %, in accordance with the rounding method in Practice E29.
1.4 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes shall not be considered as requirements of the specification.
1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method in Annex A1, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This specification covers sodium chloride intended for use as a deicer and for road construction or maintenance purposes.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee D04 on Road and Paving Materials, this specification was withdrawn in February 2010 in accordance with section 10.5.3.1 of the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees, which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since the last approval date.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers technical grade calcium chloride typically used for, but not limited to, dust control, stabilization, ice/snow removal, other road-conditioning purposes, acceleration of the set of concrete, and as a desiccant. Two types of calcium chloride are covered, as follows: Type S (solid), flake, pellet, or granular calcium chloride in varying concentrations; and Type L (liquid), water solutions of calcium chloride in varying concentrations. Concentrations shall be expressed as a percentage of the total. Impurities such as alkali chlorides, magnesium, and calcium hydroxide should be within specified composition limits.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers calcium chloride, technical grade, typically used for, but not limited to, dust control, stabilization, ice/snow removal, other road-conditioning purposes, acceleration of the set of concrete, and as a desiccant.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.3 For purposes of determining conformance to this specification, values for chemical analysis shall be rounded to the nearest 0.1 %, and values for grading shall be rounded to the nearest 1 %, in accordance with the rounding method in Practice E 29.
1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes, which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method describes procedures to be used for sampling calcium chloride, and for determining grading of solid forms of calcium chloride for comparison with the requirements of a specification, such as Specification D 98.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers sampling of solid and liquid forms of calcium chloride, and sieve analysis of solid form calcium chloride. Referee procedures for chemical analysis are covered in Test Methods E 449.
1.2 A rapid method of chemical analysis is shown in . This rapid method is not to be used for determining chemical compliance of calcium chloride with specification requirements, such as in Specification D 98.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers sodium chloride intended for use as a deicer and for road construction or maintenance purposes.
1.2 The values stated as SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.3 For purposes of determining conformance to this specification, values for chemical analysis shall be rounded to the nearest 0.1 %, and values for grading shall be rounded to the nearest 1 %, in accordance with the rounding method in Practice E29.
1.4 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes shall not be considered as requirements of the specification.
1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method in Annex A1, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers sodium chloride intended for use as a deicer and for road construction or maintenance purposes.
1.2 The values stated as SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.3 For purposes of determining conformance to this specification, values for chemical analysis shall be rounded to the nearest 0.1 %, and values for grading shall be rounded to the nearest 1 %, in accordance with the rounding method in Practice E29.
1.4 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes shall not be considered as requirements of the specification.
1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method in Annex A1, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers calcium chloride, technical grade, typically used for, but not limited to, dust control, stabilization, ice/snow removal, other road-conditioning purposes, acceleration of the set of concrete, and can also be used as a desiccant material.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.  
1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 6.1, of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers sampling of solid and liquid forms of calcium chloride, sieve analysis of solid form calcium chloride, and a rapid method of chemical analysis. Referee procedures for chemical analysis are covered in Methods E 449.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method describes procedures to be used for sampling calcium chloride, and for determining grading of solid forms of calcium chloride for comparison with the requirements of a specification, such as Specification D98.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers sampling of solid and liquid forms of calcium chloride, and sieve analysis of solid form calcium chloride. Referee procedures for chemical analysis are covered in Test Methods E449.
1.2 A rapid method of chemical analysis is shown in Appendix X1. This rapid method is not to be used for determining chemical compliance of calcium chloride with specification requirements, such as in Specification D98.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.1.1 This appendix covers a rapid method for chemical analysis of calcium chloride.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This test method covered sampling of solid and liquid forms of calcium chloride, and sieve analysis of solid form calcium chloride.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee D04 on Road and Paving Materials, this test method was withdrawn in January 2019 in accordance with section 10.6.3 of the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees, which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since the last approval date.