ASTM D312/D312M-15

Standard Specification for Asphalt Used in Roofing

ABSTRACT
This specification covers four types of asphalt intended for use in built-up roof construction, construction of some modified bitumen systems, construction of bituminous vapor retarder systems, and for adhering insulation boards used in various types of roof systems. The asphalts shall be prepared from crude petroleum. Asphalts shall be classified as: Type I; Type II; Type III; and Type IV. Asphalts of each type shall conform to the physical properties prescribed. Tests shall be performed to determine the properties of the material in accordance with the following methods: sampling; softening point; flash point; penetration; ductility; and solubility.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers four types of asphalt intended for use in built-up roof construction, construction of some modified bitumen systems, construction of bituminous vapor retarder systems, and for adhering insulation boards used in various types of roof systems. The specification is intended for general classification purposes only, and does not imply restrictions on the slope at which an asphalt must be used.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Jan-2015
• ICS: 75.140 - Waxes, bituminous materials and other petroleum products
• Technical Committee: D08 - Roofing and Waterproofing
• Drafting Committee: D08.03 - Surfacing and Bituminous Materials for Membrane Waterproofing and Built-up Roofing

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D312-00(2006) - Standard Specification for Asphalt Used in Roofing
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2015
• Replaced By: ASTM D312/D312M-16 - Standard Specification for Asphalt Used in Roofing
• Effective Date: 01-May-2016
• Referred By: ASTM D6152/D6152M-12(2018) - Standard Specification for SEBS-Modified Mopping Asphalt Used in Roofing
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2015
• Referred By: ASTM D226/D226M-17(2023) - Standard Specification for Asphalt-Saturated Organic Felt Used in Roofing and Waterproofing
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2015
• Referred By: ASTM D4586/D4586M-07(2018) - Standard Specification for Asphalt Roof Cement, Asbestos-Free
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2015
• Referred By: ASTM D3141/D3141M-21 - Standard Specification for Asphalt for Undersealing Portland-Cement Concrete Pavements
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2015
• Referred By: ASTM D5100/D5100M-95a(2018) - Standard Test Method for Adhesion of Mineral Aggregate to Hot Bitumen
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2015
• Referred By: ASTM D4989/D4989M-90a(2021) - Standard Test Method for Apparent Viscosity (Flow) of Roofing Bitumens Using the Parallel Plate Plastometer
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2015
• Referred By: ASTM D4479/D4479M-07(2018) - Standard Specification for Asphalt Roof Coatings—Asbestos-Free
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2015
• Referred By: ASTM D1079-20 - Standard Terminology Relating to Roofing and Waterproofing
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2015
• Referred By: ASTM D173/D173M-03(2018) - Standard Specification for Bitumen-Saturated Cotton Fabrics Used in Roofing and Waterproofing
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2015
• Referred By: ASTM D1327/D1327M-04(2020) - Standard Specification for Bitumen-Saturated Woven Burlap Fabrics Used in Roofing and Waterproofing
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2015
• Referred By: ASTM D7105/D7105M-06(2019)e1 - Standard Test Method for Determining the Adhesive and Cohesive Strength Between Materials in Roofing or Waterproofing Membranes and Systems
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2015
• Referred By: ASTM D2178/D2178M-15a(2021) - Standard Specification for Asphalt Glass Felt Used in Roofing and Waterproofing
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2015
• Referred By: ASTM D7051-05(2020) - Standard Test Method for Cyclic Thermal Shock of SBS-Modified Bituminous Roofing Sheets with Factory-Applied Metal Surface
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2015

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D312/D312M −15
StandardSpecification for
1
Asphalt Used in Roofing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D312/D312M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope D3461 Test Method for Softening Point ofAsphalt and Pitch
(Mettler Cup-and-Ball Method)
1.1 This specification covers four types of asphalt intended
D4402 Test Method for Viscosity Determination of Asphalt
for use in built-up roof construction, construction of some
at Elevated Temperatures Using a Rotational Viscometer
modified bitumen systems, construction of bituminous vapor
retarder systems, and for adhering insulation boards used in
3. Materials and Manufacture
various types of roof systems. The specification is intended for
3.1 The asphalts shall be prepared from crude petroleum.
general classification purposes only, and does not imply
restrictions on the slope at which an asphalt must be used.
4. Physical Requirements
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
4.1 Asphalts shall be homogeneous and free of water.
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
4.2 Asphalts of each type shall conform to the physical
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
properties prescribed in Table 1.
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
5. Sampling and Test Methods
with the standard.
5.1 Sample the material and determine the properties enu-
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
merated in this specification in accordance with the following
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
methods:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5.1.1 Sampling—Practice D140.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
5.1.2 SofteningPoint— See Test Methods D36 or D3461.In
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
cases where a disagreement exists between the purchaser and
the seller, Test Method D36 shall be used as the referee
2. Referenced Documents
method.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.1.3 Flash Point— Test Method D92.
D5 Test Method for Penetration of Bituminous Materials
5.1.4 Penetration— Test Method D5.
D36 Test Method for Softening Point of Bitumen (Ring-and-
5.1.5 Ductility—Test Method D113.
Ball Apparatus)
5.1.6 Solubility—Test Method D2042.
D92 Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland
5.1.7 EVT—Test Method D4402
Open Cup Tester
6. Inspection
D113 Test Method for Ductility of Bituminous Materials
D140 Practice for Sampling Bituminous Materials
6.1 Inspection of the material shall be agreed upon between
D1079 Terminology Relating to Roofing and Waterproofing
the purchaser and the seller as part of the purchase contract.
D2042 Test Method for Solubility of Asphalt Materials in
7. Rejection and Resubmittal
Trichloroethylene
7.1 Failure to conform to any of the requirements prescribed
1
in this specification shall constitute grounds for rejection. In
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D08 on
Roofing and Waterproofing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D08.03
case of rejection, the seller shall have the right to reinspect the
on Surfacing and Bituminous Materials for Membrane Waterproofing and Built-up
rejected material and resubmit the lot after removal of those
Roofing.
packages not conforming to the requirements.
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2015. Published March 2015. Originally
approved in 1929. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D312 – 00 (2006).
8. Packaging and Marking
DOI: 10.1520/D0312_D0312M-15.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
8.1 Asphalt shall be suitably packaged (if not shipped in
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
bulk) to permit acceptance by the carrier and to afford adequate
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. protection from the normal hazards of handling and shipment.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D312/D312M−15
TABLE 1 Physical Requirements of Asphalt in Roofing
Type I Type II Type III Type IV
Property
Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max
Softening point, °C [°F] 57 [135] 66 [151] 70 [158] 80 [176] 85 [185] 96 [205] 99 [210] 107 [225]
Flash point, °C [°F] 302 [575] . 302 [575] . 302
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D312 − 00 (Reapproved 2006) D312/D312M − 15
Standard Specification for
1
Asphalt Used in Roofing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D312;D312/D312M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers four types of asphalt intended for use in built-up roof construction, construction of some modified
bitumen systems, construction of bituminous vapor retarder systems, and for adhering insulation boards used in various types of
roof systems. The specification is intended for general classification purposes only, and does not imply restrictions on the slope
at which an asphalt must be used.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D5 Test Method for Penetration of Bituminous Materials
D36 Test Method for Softening Point of Bitumen (Ring-and-Ball Apparatus)
D92 Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland Open Cup Tester
D113 Test Method for Ductility of Bituminous Materials
D140 Practice for Sampling Bituminous Materials
D1079 Terminology Relating to Roofing and Waterproofing
D2042 Test Method for Solubility of Asphalt Materials in Trichloroethylene
D3461 Test Method for Softening Point of Asphalt and Pitch (Mettler Cup-and-Ball Method)
D4402 Test Method for Viscosity Determination of Asphalt at Elevated Temperatures Using a Rotational Viscometer
3. Materials and Manufacture
3.1 The asphalts shall be prepared from crude petroleum.
4. Physical Requirements
4.1 Asphalts shall be homogeneous and free of water.
4.2 Asphalts of each type shall conform to the physical properties prescribed in Table 1.
5. Sampling and Test Methods
5.1 Sample the material and determine the properties enumerated in this specification in accordance with the following methods:
5.1.1 Sampling—Practice D140.
5.1.2 Softening Point— See Test Methods D36 or D3461. In cases where a disagreement exists between the purchaser and the
seller, Test Method D36 shall be used as the referee method.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D08 on Roofing and Waterproofing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D08.03 on Surfacing
and Bituminous Materials for Membrane Waterproofing and Built-up Roofing.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2006Feb. 1, 2015. Published December 2006March 2015. Originally approved in 1929. Last previous edition approved in 20002006 as
D312 – 00.D312 – 00 (2006). DOI: 10.1520/D0312-00R06.10.1520/D0312_D0312M-15.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D312/D312M − 15
TABLE 1 Physical Requirements of Asphalt in Roofing
Type I Type II Type III Type IV
Property
Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max
Softening point, °C (°F) 57 (135) 66 (151) 70 (158) 80 (176) 85 (185) 96 (205) 99 (210) 107 (225)
Softening point, °C [°F] 57 [135] 66 [151] 70 [158] 80 [176] 85 [185] 96 [205] 99 [210] 107 [225]
Flash point, °C (°F) 260 (500) . 260 (500) . 260 (500) . 260 (500) .
Flash point, °C [°F] 302 [575] . 302 [575] . 302 [575] . 302 [575] .
Penetration, units:
at 0°C (32°F) 3 . 6 . 6 . 6 .
at 0°C [32°F] 3 . 6 . 6 . 6 .
at 25°C (77°F) 18 60 18 40 15 35 12 25
at 25°C [77°F] 18 60 18 40 15 35 12 25
at 46°C (115°F) 90 180 . 100 . 90 . 75
at 46°C [115°F] 90 180 . 100 . 90 . 75
Ductilit
...