ASTM D4298-04(2010)

Standard Guide for Intercomparing Permeation Tubes to Establish Traceability

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The accuracy of air pollution measurements is directly dependent upon accurate calibrations.
Such measurements gain accuracy and can be intercompared when the measurement procedures are traceable to national measurement standards.
This guide describes procedures for enhancing the accuracy of air pollution measurements which may be specified by those organizations requiring traceability to national standards.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers two procedures for establishing the permeation rate of a permeation tube and defining the uncertainty of the rate by comparison to National Institute of Standards and Technology's Standard Reference Materials (SRM).
1.2 Procedure A consists of a direct comparison of the permeation rate of the device undergoing calibration with that of an SRM.
1.3 Procedure B consists of a gravimetric calibration process in which a certified permeation tube is used as a quality control for the measurements.
1.4 Both procedures are limited to the case where a suitable certified permeation device is available.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (See 8.2 on Safety Precautions.)

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Jun-2010
• Technical Committee: D22 - Air Quality
• Drafting Committee: D22.01 - Quality Control

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D4298-04 - Standard Guide for Intercomparing Permeation Tubes to Establish Traceability
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2010
• Referred By: ASTM D7166-23 - Standard Practice for Total Sulfur Analyzer Based On-line/At-line for Sulfur Content of Gaseous Fuels
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2010
• Referred By: ASTM D8455-22 - Standard Test Method for Speciated Siloxane GC-IMS Analyzer Based On-line for Siloxane and Trimethylsilanol Content of Gaseous Fuels
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2010
• Referred By: ASTM D1356-20a - Standard Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2010

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D4298 − 04(Reapproved 2010)
Standard Guide for
Intercomparing Permeation Tubes to Establish Traceability
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4298; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope E617Specification for Laboratory Weights and Precision
Mass Standards
1.1 This guide covers two procedures for establishing the
permeation rate of a permeation tube and defining the uncer-
3. Terminology
tainty of the rate by comparison to National Institute of
Standards and Technology’s Standard Reference Materials 3.1 Definitions:
(SRM). 3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this guide, refer to
Terminology D1356.
1.2 Procedure A consists of a direct comparison of the
3.1.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
permeation rate of the device undergoing calibration with that
3.1.2.1 working standard—astandardusedinthelaboratory
of an SRM.
or field for periodic standardization of a measuring instrument.
1.3 Procedure B consists of a gravimetric calibration pro-
cess in which a certified permeation tube is used as a quality
4. Summary of Guide
control for the measurements.
4.1 Procedure A—A certified SRM permeation source, ob-
1.4 Both procedures are limited to the case where a suitable
tainedfromtheNationalInstituteofStandardsandTechnology
certified permeation device is available.
is used to calibrate a continuous analyzer.The analyzer is then
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the used to measure the concentration of a gaseous mixture
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the generated from the permeation tube under calibration. Equa-
tionsareprovidedthatpermitcalibrationofthepermeationrate
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- of the latter from the test data.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. (See 8.2 on Safety
4.2 Procedure B—The permeation source is calibrated,
Precautions.)
gravimetrically, using temperature and mass standards trace-
able to NIST standards. The validity of the calibration is
2. Referenced Documents
confirmed by concurrently measuring the permeation rate of a
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Certified Reference Material (CRM).
D1356Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of
Atmospheres
5. Significance and Use
D3249Practice for General Ambient Air Analyzer Proce-
5.1 The accuracy of air pollution measurements is directly
dures
dependent upon accurate calibrations.
D3609Practice for Calibration Techniques Using Perme-
5.2 Such measurements gain accuracy and can be intercom-
ation Tubes
D3631Test Methods for Measuring Surface Atmospheric pared when the measurement procedures are traceable to
national measurement standards.
Pressure
E1Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
5.3 This guide describes procedures for enhancing the
E319Practice for the Evaluation of Single-Pan Mechanical
accuracyofairpollutionmeasurementswhichmaybespecified
Balances
by those organizations requiring traceability to national stan-
dards.
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on Air
Qualityand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.01 on Quality Control.
6. Apparatus
CurrenteditionapprovedJuly1,2010.PublishedJuly2010.Originallyapproved
6.1 For apparatus used in the calibration of permeation
in 1983. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D4298-04. DOI: 10.1520/
D4298-04R10.
devices, refer to Practice D3609.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
6.1.1 The thermometers used shall conform to Specification
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
E1andshallhavecalibrationcertificatestraceabletotheNIST.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. Measurement uncertainty should be 0.1°C or less.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D4298 − 04 (2010)
6.1.2 ThemercurybarometershallconformtoTestMethods 9. Calibration and Standardization
D3631.
9.1 Procedure A:
6.2 Apparatus for Procedure A: 9.1.1 Set up a gas generation system using a Certified
6.2.1 Analytical Instruments—An analytical instrument re- Reference Material (CRM) permeation tube and apparatus and
sponsive to the permeant with the following minimum perfor- procedure such as described in Practice D3609. Equilibrate at
mance specifications: the desired temperature of calibration.
9.1.2 Optimizetheperformanceoftheanalyticalinstrument
Noise 1 % of full-scale
Zero drift ±4 % of full-scale per day
according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
Span drift ±3 % of full-scale per day
9.1.3 Using dry air or nitrogen, set the zero point of the
Range 0 to 0.5 ppm (or appropriate for source strength)
instrument.
6.2.2 Continuous strip chart recorder with the following
9.1.4 Use the gas generation system to provide gas concen-
minimum performance specifications:
trations corresponding to 20, 40, 60, and 80% of full-scale
Uncertainty 0.33 × (0.25 % full-scale
readings. Record the concentration and respective readings.
component deflection)
Repeat the measurements in random order.
Chart width no less than 6 in.
Time for full-scale travel 1 s 9.1.5 Plot concentration versus instrument readings and
3 draw the line of best fit, or alternatively fit by linear least
NOTE1—ISOGUM pointsoutthatwithapproximatelynormalplotted
squares regression. Calculate the slope (ppm(v)/scale reading)
points,theabovemaximum3×standarddeviationsisequivalentto>99%
of plotted points lying within 6(0.25% full-scale deflection) of true and standard deviation estimate s , expressed as µg/min.
cal
values.
9.1.5.1 If any point deviates by more than 61% from the
line of best fit, repeat the calibration.
6.3 Apparatus for Procedure B:
6.3.1 Analytical balance, meeting the requirements of Prac-
9.2 Procedure B:
tices E319 and D3609.
9.2.1 The standard masses and the thermometer used must
6.3.2 AnalyticalweightsmeetingtherequirementsofSpeci-
have a valid calibration certificate or be calibrated prior to use.
fication E617 and having a calibration certificate traceable to
the NIST.
10. Procedure
10.1 Procedure A:
7. Materials
10.1.1 Place test permeation device in the system, equili-
7.1 Refer to Practice D3609.
brate at the temperature of calibration, and generate gas
mixtures corresponding approximately to 20, 40, 60, and 80%
7.2 CRM Permeation Device.
of full scale readings, respectively.
10.1.2 Recordtheinstrumentreadingsforeachgasmixture.
8. Precautions
10.1.3 Using calibration curves described in 9.1.5, calculate
8.1 Procedural Precautions:
the concentrations of the gas mixtures.
8.1.1 The procedural precautions described in Practice
10.1.4 Calculate the permeation rates as described in 11.1.
D3609 are applicable to the present guide.
10.1.5 Repeat the measurements of 10.1.1 in random order
8.1.2 When possible, the permeation device should be
and record as in 10.1.2.
compared to the CRM using the same system with identical
10.2 Procedure B:
flow and temperature conditions. Unpredictable errors may be
10.2.1 Maintain the permeation device at constant
introduced if permeation devices are compared at
...