ASTM E811-09
(Practice)Standard Practice for Measuring Colorimetric Characteristics of Retroreflectors Under Nighttime Conditions
Standard Practice for Measuring Colorimetric Characteristics of Retroreflectors Under Nighttime Conditions
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This practice describes a procedure for measuring the chromaticity of retroreflectors in a nighttime, that is, retroreflective, geometry of illumination and observation. CIE Standard Source A has been chosen to represent a tungsten automobile headlamp. Although the geometry must be specified by the user of this practice, it will, in general, correspond to the relationship between the vehicle headlamp, the retroreflector, and the vehicle driver's eyes. Thus, the chromaticity coordinates determined by the procedures in this practice describe numerically the nighttime appearance of the retroreflector.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes the instrumental determination of retroreflected chromaticity coordinates of retroreflectors. It includes the techniques used in a photometric range to measure retroreflected (nighttime) chromaticity with either a telecolorimeter or telespectroradiometer.
1.2 This practice covers the general measurement procedures. Additional requirements for specific tests and specifications are described in Section 7.
1.3 The description of the geometry used in the nighttime colorimetry of retroreflectors is described in Practice E808 and the methods for calculation of chromaticity are contained in Practice E308.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:E811 −09
StandardPractice for
Measuring Colorimetric Characteristics of Retroreflectors
1
Under Nighttime Conditions
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E811; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
3
1. Scope 2.2 CIE Documents:
CIE Publication No. 15.2 Colorimetry, 2d ed.
1.1 This practice describes the instrumental determination
CIE Standard S 001⁄ISO IS 10526, Colorimetric Illuminants
of retroreflected chromaticity coordinates of retroreflectors. It
CIE Standard S 002⁄ISO IS 10527, Colorimetric Observers
includes the techniques used in a photometric range to measure
CIE Technical Report 54.2 Retroreflection: Definition and
retroreflected (nighttime) chromaticity with either a telecolo-
Measurement
rimeter or telespectroradiometer.
1.2 This practice covers the general measurement proce-
3. Terminology
dures. Additional requirements for specific tests and specifica-
3.1 The terms and definitions inTerminology E284 apply to
tions are described in Section 7.
this practice.
1.3 The description of the geometry used in the nighttime
3.2 Definitions:
colorimetry of retroreflectors is described in Practice E808 and
3.2.1 chromaticity coordinates, n—the ratios of each of the
the methods for calculation of chromaticity are contained in
tristimulus values of a psychophysical color to the sum of the
Practice E308.
tristimulus values.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.2.1.1 Discussion—Chromaticity coordinates in the CIE
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1931 system of color specification are designated by x, y, z and
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
in the CIE 1964 supplementary system by x , y , z .
10 10 10
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.2.2 CIE 1931 (x, y)-chromaticity diagram—the chroma-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
ticity diagram for the CIE 1931 standard observer, in which the
CIE 1931 chromaticity coordinates are plotted with x as the
2. Referenced Documents
abscissa and y as the ordinate.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.2.3 CIE 1931 standard observer, n—ideal colorimetric
E284 Terminology of Appearance
observer with color matching functions x¯(λ), y¯(λ), z¯(λ) corre-
E308 PracticeforComputingtheColorsofObjectsbyUsing
sponding to a field of view subtending a 2° angle on the retina;
the CIE System
B4
commonly called the “2° standard observer.” [CIE]
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
3.2.3.1 Discussion—The color matching functions of the
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
CIE 1931 standard observer are tabulated in Practice E308,
E808 Practice for Describing Retroreflection
CIE Publication No. 15.2, and CIE Standard S 002.
E809 Practice for Measuring Photometric Characteristics of
3.2.4 CIE standard illuminant A, n—colorimetric
Retroreflectors
illuminant, representing the full radiation at 2855.6 K, defined
by the CIE in terms of a relative spectral power distribution.
B
[CIE]
3.2.4.1 Discussion—Therelativespectralpowerdistribution
ofCIEstandardilluminant AistabulatedinPracticeE308,CIE
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E12 on Color and
Publication No. 15.2, and CIE Standard S 001.
Appearance and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E12.10 on Retrore-
flection.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2009. Published January 2010. Originally
3
approved in 1981. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as E811 – 95 (2001). Available from U.S. National Committee of the CIE (International Commission
DOI: 10.1520/E0811-09. on Illumination), C/o Thomas M. Lemons, TLA-Lighting Consultants, Inc., 7 Pond
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or St., Salem, MA 01970, http://www.cie-usnc.org.
4
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Stephenson, H. F., “The Colorimetric Measurement of Retroreflective Materi-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on als. Progress Report on International Exchange Tests,”Proceedings of the CIE, 18th
the ASTM website. Session (London), pp. 595–609, 1975.
Copyright ©ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA19428-2959. United States
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---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E811−09
3.2.5 CIE standard source A, n—a gas-filled tungsten- the datum axis, measured counter-clockwise from a viewpoint
filament lamp operated at a correlated color temperature of on the retroreflector axis.
B
2855.6 K. [CIE] 3.2.17.1 Discussion—Range: –180°<ε≤180°. The
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:E811–95(Reapproved2001) Designation: E811 – 09
Standard Practice for
Measuring Colorimetric Characteristics of Retroreflectors
1
Under Nighttime Conditions
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E811; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice describes the instrumental determination of retroreflected chromaticity coordinates of retroreflectors. It
includesthetechniquesusedinaphotometricrangetomeasureretroreflected(nighttime)chromaticitywitheitheratelecolorimeter
or telespectroradiometer.
1.2 This practice covers the general measurement procedures.Additional requirements for specific tests and specifications are
described in Section 7.
1.3 The description of the geometry used in the nighttime colorimetry of retroreflectors is described in Practice E808 and the
methods for calculation of chromaticity are contained in Practice E308.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E284 Terminology of Appearance
E308 Practice for Computing the Colors of Objects by Using the CIE System
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
E808 Practice for Describing Retroreflection
E809 Practice for Measuring Photometric Characteristics of Retroreflectors
3
2.2 CIE Documents:
CIE Publication No. 15.2 Colorimetry, 2d ed.
CIE Standard S001/ISO IS 10526, Colorimetric Illuminants
3
CIE Standard S002/ISOIS 10527, Colorimetric Observers IS 10527, Colorimetric Observers
CIE Technical Report 54.2 Retroreflection: Definition and Measurement
3. Terminology
3.1 The terms and definitions in Terminology E284 apply to this practice.
3.2 Definitions:
3.2.1 chromaticity coordinates, n—the ratios of each of the tristimulus values of a psychophysical color to the sum of the
tristimulus values.
3.2.1.1 Discussion—Chromaticity coordinates in the CIE 1931 system of color specification are designated by x, y, z and in the
CIE 1964 supplementary system by x , y , z .
10 10 10
3.2.2 CIE 1931 (x, y)-chromaticity diagram—the chromaticity diagram for the CIE 1931 standard observer, in which the CIE
1931 chromaticity coordinates are plotted with x as the abscissa and y as the ordinate.
3.2.3 CIE 1931 standard observer, n—ideal colorimetric observer with color matching functions x¯ (l), y¯ (l), z¯ (l)
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E12 on Color andAppearance and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E12.10 on Retroreflection.
Current edition approved June 10, 2001. Published July 2001. Originallyapproved in 1981. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as E811–95(2001). DOI:
10.1520/E0811-95R01.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2009. Published January 2010. Originally approved in 1981. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as E811–95(2001). DOI:
10.1520/E0811-09.
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,orcontactASTMCustomerServiceatservice@astm.org.For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from U.S. National Committee of the CIE (International Commission on Illumination), C/o Thomas M. Lemons, TLA-Lighting Consultants, Inc., 7 Pond St.,
Salem, MA 01970, http://www.cie-usnc.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E811 – 09
B
4
corresponding to a field of view subtending a 2° angle on the retina; commonly called the “2° standard observer.” [CIE]
3.2.3.1 Discussion—The color matching functions of the CIE 1931 standard observer are tabulated in Practice E308, CIE
Publication No. 15.2, and CIE Standard S002.
3.2.4 CIE standard illuminant A, n—colorimetric illuminant, representing the full radiation at 2855.6 K, defined by the CIE in
B
terms of a relative spectral power distribution. [CIE]
3.2.4.1 Discussion—The relative spectral power distribution of CIE standard illuminant A is tabulated in Practice E308, CIE
Publication
...
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