ASTM C1645/C1645M-09
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Freeze-thaw and De-icing Salt Durability of Solid Concrete Interlocking Paving Units
Standard Test Method for Freeze-thaw and De-icing Salt Durability of Solid Concrete Interlocking Paving Units
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is intended to determine the effects of freezing and thawing on units conforming to the dimensional requirements of Specification C 936/C 936M while immersed in a test solution. Other types of segmental concrete paving units that do not conform to the dimensional requirements of Specification C 936/C 936M may be tested using this test method.
The results from this test method are not intended to provide a quantitative measure of the length of service from concrete paving units conforming to the dimensional requirements of Specification C 936/C 936M.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method evaluates the resistance to freezing and thawing of solid interlocking concrete paving units conforming to the dimensional requirements of Specification C 936/C 936M. Units are tested in a test solution that is either tap water or 3 % saline solution, depending on the intended use of the units in actual service.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, in any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the use of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitation prior to use.
General Information
Relations
Buy Standard
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C1645/C1645M – 09
Standard Test Method for
Freeze-thaw and De-icing Salt Durability of Solid Concrete
1
Interlocking Paving Units
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1645/C1645M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* concrete paving units conforming to the dimensional require-
ments of Specification C936/C936M.
1.1 Thistestmethodevaluatestheresistancetofreezingand
thawingofsolidinterlockingconcretepavingunitsconforming
4. Apparatus
to the dimensional requirements of Specification C936/
4.1 Freezing-and-Thawing Apparatus—The freezing appa-
C936M. Units are tested in a test solution that is either tap
ratus shall consist of suitable cabinet or cold room with
water or 3% saline solution, depending on the intended use of
controls to reach and maintain within1hof introduction of
the units in actual service.
specimens an air temperature of −5 6 3°C [23 6 5°F] at all
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
locations within the chamber regardless of the number of
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
specimensinthechamber.Thethawingchambershallmaintain
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
a controlled air temperature. This temperature shall never be
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
greater than + 30°C [86°F].
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
4.2 Balance—Abalance capable of weighing 500 g with an
with the standard.
accuracyof 60.1gshallbeusedformeasuringthemassofthe
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
fine spalled material.
safety concerns, in any, associated with its use. It is the
4.3 Drying Oven—The drying oven shall be vented and
responsibility of the use of this standard to establish appropri-
capable of being maintained at 100 to 115°C [212 to 239°F].
ate safety and health practices and determine the applicability
4.4 Specimen Container—The specimen container shall be
of regulatory limitation prior to use.
made of non-corroding flexible material and have dimensions
2. Referenced Documents that allow complete submersion of the specimen in the test
2
solution.Thesizeofthecontainershallbelessthanorequalto
2.1 ASTM Standards:
three times the volume of the unit that is being tested. The
C936/C936M Specification for Solid Concrete Interlocking
container shall prevent evaporation of the test solution.
Paving Units
5. Sampling
3. Significance and Use
5.1 Selection of Test Specimens—Select whole units repre-
3.1 This test method is intended to determine the effects of
sentative of the lot from which they are selected. The units
freezing and thawing on units conforming to the dimensional
shall be free from visible cracks, chipped edges, and structural
requirementsofSpecificationC936/C936Mwhileimmersedin
defects.
a test solution. Other types of segmental concrete paving units
5.2 Number of Test Specimens—Sample according to the
that do not conform to the dimensional requirements of
requirements of Specification C936/C936M.
Specification C936/C936M may be tested using this test
5.3 Identification—Mark each test specimen so that it is
method.
identifiable at any time.
3.2 The results from this test method are not intended to
provide a quantitative measure of the length of service from
6. Preparation of Test Specimens
6.1 Curing and Conditioning—When possible, specimens
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C15 on
shall be full-sized units. When the units cannot be tested
Manufactured Masonry Units and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
full-size due to specimen configuration or lack of suitable
C15.03 on Concrete Masonry Units and Related Units.
Current edition approved on July 15, 2009. Published July 2009. Originally specimen containers, obtain a specimen by saw-cutting a
approved in 2006. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as C1645–06. DOI:
full-height coupon with a surface area of at least 190
10.1520/C1645_C1645M-09. 2 2
cm [29.5in. ].Test specimens shall be a minimum of 28 days
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
old before freeze-thaw cycling begins. After sampling, all test
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on specimens shall be cured for 14 days in a moist chamber
the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 1942
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:C1645–06 Designation: C 1645/C 1645M – 09
Standard Test Method for
Freeze-thaw and De-icing Salt Durability of Solid Concrete
1
Interlocking Paving Units
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1645/C1645M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1This test method covers the resistance to freezing and thawing of solid interlocking concrete paving units conforming to the
dimensional requirements of Specification C936. Units are tested in a test solution that is either water or 3% saline solution,
depending on the intended use of the units in actual service.
1.2The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. *
1.1 This test method evaluates the resistance to freezing and thawing of solid interlocking concrete paving units conforming to
the dimensional requirements of Specification C936/C936M. Units are tested in a test solution that is either tap water or 3%
saline solution, depending on the intended use of the units in actual service.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, in any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the use of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitation prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C936936/C936M Specification for Solid Concrete Interlocking Paving Units
3. Significance and Use
3.1 This test method is intended to determine the effects of freezing and thawing on units conforming to the dimensional
requirementsofSpecificationC936/C936Mwhileimmersedinatestsolution.Othertypesofsegmentalconcretepavingunitsthat
do not conform to the dimensional requirements of Specification C936/C936M may be tested using this test method.
3.2 The results from this test method are not intended to provide a quantitative measure of the length of service from concrete
paving units conforming to the dimensional requirements of Specification C936/C936M.
4. Apparatus
4.1 Freezing-and-Thawing Apparatus —The freezing apparatus shall consist of suitable cabinet or cold room with controls to
reachandmaintainanairtemperatureof−5 63°C(23 65°F)within1hofintroductionofspecimens.Thethawingchambershall
maintain a controlled air temperature. This temperature shall never be greater than + 30°C (86°F). —The freezing apparatus shall
consist of suitable cabinet or cold room with controls to reach and maintain within1hof introduction of specimens an air
temperature of −5 6 3°C [23 6 5°F] at all locations within the chamber regardless of the number of specimens in the chamber.
The thawing chamber shall maintain a controlled air temperature. This temperature shall never be greater than + 30°C [86°F].
4.2 Balance—A balance capable of weighing 500 g with an accuracy of 6 0.1 g shall be used for measuring the mass of the
fine spalled material.
4.3Oven—The oven shall be vented and capable of being maintained at 60 6 2°C (140 6 4°F).
4.3 Drying Oven— The drying oven shall be vented and capable of being maintained at 100 to 115°C [212 to 239°F].
4.4 Specimen Container—The specimen container shall be made of non-corroding flexible material and have dimensions that
allow complete submersion of the specimen in the test solution.The size of the container shall be less than or equal to three times
1
This specification test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C27 on Precast Concrete Products and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeC27.20
on Architectural and Structural Products.
Current edition approved on June 1, 2006. Published June 2006.
Current edition approved on July 15, 2009. Published July 2009. Originally approved in 2006. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as C1645–06.
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,orcontactASTMCustomerServiceatservice@astm.org.For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Cha
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.