C15.03 - Concrete Masonry Units and Related Units

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers solid, dry-cast, concrete masonry units intended for use as an interior and exterior adhered veneer and are made from portland cement, water, and suitable mineral aggregates with or without the inclusion of other materials.  
1.2 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
Note 1: Adhered concrete masonry units covered by this specification are made from lightweight or normal weight aggregates, or both.
Note 2: When particular features are desired, such as density classification, surface textures for appearance or bond, finish, color, fire resistance, insulation, acoustical properties, or other special features, such properties should be specified separately by the purchaser. Suppliers should be consulted as to the availability of adhered concrete masonry units having the desired features.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These test methods provide general testing requirements for application to a broad range of concrete products. Those general testing requirements are included in the body of this standard.
Note 2: Consult manufacturer, supplier, product specifications, or other resources for more specific measurement or testing guidelines for those products not addressed with the annex of this standard.  
4.2 These test methods provide specific testing requirements in two distinct sections, the requirements applicable to all units covered by these test methods and those applicable to the specific unit types. The requirements applicable to all units are included in the body of these test methods and those applicable to the specific unit types are included within the annexes.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods provide various testing procedures commonly used for evaluating characteristics of concrete masonry units and related concrete units. Methods are provided for sampling, measurement of dimensions, compressive strength, absorption, unit weight (density), moisture content, flexural load, and ballast weight. Not all methods are applicable to all unit types, however.  
1.2 Specific testing and reporting procedures are included in annexes to these test methods for the following specific unit types:    
Annex A1—Concrete masonry units
(Specifications C90, C129)  
Annex A2—Concrete and calcium silicate brick
(Specifications C55, C73, C1634)  
Annex A3—Segmental retaining wall units (Specification C1372)  
Annex A4—Concrete interlocking paving units
(Specification C936/C936M)    
Annex A5—Concrete grid paving units (Specification C1319)  
Annex A6—Concrete roof pavers
(Specification C1491)  
Annex A7—Dry-cast articulating concrete block
(Specification D6684)  
Annex A8—Segmental concrete paving slabs
(Specification C1782/C1782M)  
Annex A9—Concrete ballast block
(Specification C1884)  
1.3 The test procedures included in these test methods are also applicable to other types of units not referenced in these test methods, but specific testing and reporting requirements for those units are not included.  
1.4 These test methods include the following sections:    
Section  
Scope  
1  
Referenced Documents  
2  
Terminology  
3  
Significance and Use  
4  
Sampling  
5  
Measurement of Dimensions  
6  
Compressive Strength  
7  
Absorption  
8  
Calculations  
9  
Report  
10  
Keywords  
11  
Annexes—Test Procedures  
Concrete Masonry Units  
Annex A1  
Concrete and Calcium Silicate Brick  
Annex A2  
Segmental Retaining
Wall Units  
Annex A3  
Concrete Interlocking Paving Units  
Annex A4  
Concrete Grid Paving
Units  
Annex A5  
Concrete Roof Pavers  
Annex A6  
Dry-Cast Articulating
Concrete Block  
Annex A7  
Segmental Concrete Paving Slabs  
Annex A8  
Concrete Ballast Block  
Annex A9  
Worksheet and Test Report for
Concrete Masonry Units  
Appendix X1  
Test Report for Concrete Interlocking
Paving Units  
Appendix X2  
Calculation of Normalized Web Area  
Appendix X3
Note 1: The testing laboratory performing these test methods should be evaluated in accordance with Practice C1093.  
1.5 The text of this test method references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.6 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of t...

ABSTRACT
This specification covers hollow and solid nonloadbearing concrete masonry units made from Portland cement, water, and mineral aggregates with or without the inclusion of other materials. These units are intended for use in nonloadbearing partitions, but under certain conditions they may be suitable for use in nonloadbearing exterior walls above grade where effectively protected from the weather. Concrete masonry units manufactured under this specification shall conform to the specified density classifications and compressive strength requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers hollow and solid nonloadbearing concrete masonry units made from portland cement, water, and mineral aggregates with or without the inclusion of other materials. These units are intended for use in nonloadbearing partitions, but under certain conditions they may be suitable for use in nonloadbearing exterior walls above grade where effectively protected from the weather.  
1.2 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
Note 1: Concrete masonry units covered by this specification are made from lightweight or normal weight aggregates, or both.
Note 2: When particular features are desired, such as density classification, surface texture for appearance or bond, finish, color, fire resistance, insulation, acoustical properties, or other special features, such properties should be specified separately by the purchaser. However, suppliers should be consulted as to the availability of units having the desired features.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification is intended for interlocking concrete pavers used in the construction of paved surfaces and manufactured from cementitious materials, aggregates, chemical admixtures, and other constituents such as integral water repellents. The specification also offers guidelines for physical requirements, sampling and testing, visual inspection, and rejection of specimens.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for interlocking concrete pavers manufactured for the construction of paved surfaces.  
1.2 Concrete units covered by this specification shall be made with lightweight or normal weight aggregates or both.
Note 1: If particular features are desired, such as weight classification, higher compressive strength, surface textures, finish, color, or other special features, such properties should be specified by the purchaser. Local sellers, however, should be consulted as to availability of units having the desired features.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the requirements for concrete grid paving units proposed for use in vehicular trafficways, parking areas, soil stabilization, and revetments. Materials shall possess adequate durability for the intended use.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for concrete grid paving units for vehicular trafficways, parking areas, soil stabilization, and revetments.
Note 1: When particular features are desired, such as weight classification, higher compressive strength, surface texture, finish, color, or other special features, such properties should be specified separately by the purchaser. However, local sellers should be consulted as to availability of units having the desired features.  
1.2 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers solid, dry-cast, concrete building brick intended for interior and exterior use in constructing structural masonry, and are made from portland cement, water, and suitable mineral aggregates with or without the inclusion of other materials. Materials to be used in the manufacture of brick include Portland cement, limestone, hydraulic cement, pozzolan, blast furnace slag cement, aggregates, and other constituents like air-entraining agents, coloring pigments, integral water repellents, and finely ground silica. All units shall be sound and free of cracks or other defects that interfere with the proper placement of the units or significantly impair the strength or permanence of the construction.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers solid, dry-cast, concrete building brick intended for interior and exterior use in constructing structural masonry, and are made from portland cement, water, and suitable mineral aggregates with or without the inclusion of other materials.
Note 1: Specification C1634 addresses concrete facing brick used in facing applications and other exposures (previously referred to in earlier editions of this standard as Grade N—for use as architectural veneer and facing units in exterior walls and for use where high-strength and resistance to moisture penetration and severe frost action are desired). This specification differs from C1634 in that it addresses properties for concrete building brick used in non-facing, utilitarian applications (previously referred to in earlier editions of this specification as Grade S—for general use where moderate strength and resistance to frost action and moisture penetration are required).  
1.2 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
Note 2: Concrete building brick covered by this specification are made from lightweight or normal weight aggregates, or both.
Note 3: When particular features are desired, such as density classification, high compressive strength, surface textures for appearance or bond, finish, color, fire resistance, insulation, acoustical properties, or other special features, such properties should be specified separately by the purchaser. Suppliers should be consulted as to the availability of concrete building brick having the desired features.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers hollow and solid concrete masonry units made from hydraulic cement, water, and mineral aggregates with or without the inclusion of other materials. There are three classes of concrete masonry units: normal weight, medium weight, and lightweight. These units are suitable for both loadbearing and nonloadbearing applications. Concrete masonry units shall be made from lightweight or normal weight aggregates, or both.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers hollow and solid (see 5.3 and 5.4) concrete masonry units made from hydraulic cement, water, and mineral aggregates with or without the inclusion of other materials. There are three classes of concrete masonry units: Normal Weight, Medium Weight, and Lightweight. These units are suitable for both loadbearing and nonloadbearing applications.  
1.2 Concrete masonry units covered by this specification are made from lightweight or normal weight aggregates, or both.
Note 1: The requirements of this specification have been researched, evaluated, and established for over a century, resulting in the physical properties and attributes defined here. These requirements are uniquely and solely applicable to concrete masonry units manufactured on equipment using low or zero slump concrete and the constituent materials defined herein. Many performance attributes of concrete masonry units are indirectly accounted for, or inherently reflected within, the requirements of this specification without direct measurement, assessment, or evaluation. Applying the requirements of this specification to products that may be similar in appearance, use, or nature to those covered by this specification may not address all pertinent physical properties necessary to ensure performance or serviceability of the resulting construction in real-world applications under typical exposure environments. Products manufactured using alternative materials, manufacturing methods, or curing processes not covered by this specification should not be evaluated solely using the requirements in this specification; however, developers of new products can consider the property requirements of this specification as a beginning benchmark for unit performance. It is reasonable to test new products for system performance as well as unit performance.  
1.3 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
Note 2: When particular features are desired such as surface textures for appearance or bond, finish, color, or particular properties such as density classification, higher compressive strength, fire resistance, thermal performance or acoustical performance, these features should be specified separately by the purchaser. Suppliers should be consulted as to the availability of units having the desired features.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers solid, dry-cast, concrete facing brick intended for interior and exterior use in constructing structural and facing masonry components and are made from portland cement, water, and suitable mineral aggregates with or without the inclusion of other materials. Concrete facing bricks shall be grouped into density classifications as either lightweight, medium weight, or normal weight. Specimens shall be sampled, tested, and conform accordingly to the specified physical requirements (oven-dry density, maximum water absorption, and minimum net area compressive strength) suitable for their density classification.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers solid, dry-cast, concrete facing brick and other solid concrete masonry facing units intended for interior and exterior use in constructing structural and facing masonry components and are made from portland cement, water, and suitable mineral aggregates with or without the inclusion of other materials.
Note 1: Specification C55 addresses concrete building brick used in non-facing, utilitarian applications (previously referred to in earlier editions of Specification C55 as Grade S—for general use where moderate strength and resistance to frost action and moisture penetration are required). This specification differs from Specification C55 in that it includes expanded consideration for properties of concrete units used in facing applications and other exposures (previously referred to in earlier editions of Specification C55 as Grade N—for use as architectural veneer and facing units in exterior walls and for use where high strength and resistance to moisture penetration and severe frost action are desired).  
1.2 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
Note 2: Concrete facing brick and other solid concrete masonry facing units covered by this specification are made from lightweight or normal weight aggregates, or both.
Note 3: When particular features are desired, such as density classification, high compressive strength, surface textures for appearance or bond, finish, color, fire resistance, insulation, acoustical properties, or other special features, such properties should be specified separately by the purchaser. Suppliers should be consulted as to the availability of concrete facing brick and other concrete masonry facing units having the desired features.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification establishes the minimum product requirements for adhered manufactured stone masonry veneer (AMSMV) units which are manufactured from cementitious materials, aggregates, air-entraining admixtures, concrete admixtures, coloring pigments, reinforcement fibers, and other components which are wet-cast into shapes simulating the appearance of stone, rocks found in nature, and other textures. It also addresses sampling, physical properties and testing, finish and appearance, product identification and packaging, and reporting.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the minimum product requirements for adhered manufactured stone masonry veneer units applied as an adhered veneer to exterior and interior walls and structures suitable to receive units.  
1.2 The property requirements of this specification apply at the time of delivery. This standard does not address the physical evaluation of installed units removed from service.  
1.3 The units described by this specification are manufactured from a mixture of cement, normal or lightweight aggregates (or a combination of both), water, admixtures, other cementitious materials and other components which are wet-cast into shapes simulating the appearance of natural stone and other textures.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.5 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: When particular features are desired such as surface textures or color these features should be specified separately. Suppliers should be consulted as to the availability of units having the desired features.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers dry–cast segmental retaining wall units of concrete, machine–made from hydraulic cement, water, and suitable mineral aggregates with or without the inclusion of other materials. The units are intended for use in the construction of mortarless segmental retaining walls. The material composition of retaining wall units consists of cementitious materials like portland cement and its modified form, limestone, hydraulic cement, blended hydraulic cement, pozzolans, blast furnace slag cement, aggregates, and other constituents which include air-entraining agents, coloring pigments, integral water repellents, and finely ground silica. All units shall be sound and free of cracks or other defects that interfere with the proper placement of the unit or significantly impair the strength or permanence of the construction.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers dry-cast segmental retaining wall units of concrete, machine–made from hydraulic cement, water, and suitable mineral aggregates with or without the inclusion of other materials. The units are intended for use in the construction of mortarless segmental retaining walls.
Note 1: When particular features are desired, such as density classification, higher compressive strength, surface texture, finish, color, or other special features, such properties should be specified separately by the purchaser. Suppliers should be consulted as to availability of units having the desired features.  
1.2 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers solid precast segmental concrete masonry units made from hydraulic cement, water, and suitable mineral aggregates, with or without the inclusion of other materials. The units are intended for use in the construction of catch basins and manholes. All units shall be sound and free of cracks or other defects that interfere with the proper placing of the unit.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers solid precast segmental concrete masonry units made from hydraulic cement, water, and suitable mineral aggregates, with or without the inclusion of other materials. The units are intended for use in the construction of catch basins and manholes.  
1.2 The text of this standard referenced notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers concrete masonry lintels (beams) that are solid in cross-section, are reinforced for flexure, and are made from hydraulic cement, water, and mineral aggregates with or without the inclusion of other materials. These lintels are suitable for both loadbearing and nonloadbearing applications. Compression and absorption tests shall be performed to meet the specified requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers concrete masonry lintels (beams) that are solid in cross-section, are reinforced for flexure, and are made from hydraulic cement, water, and mineral aggregates with or without the inclusion of other materials. These lintels are suitable for both loadbearing and nonloadbearing applications.
Note 1: This specification covers only concrete masonry lintels containing reinforcement. Due to building code imposed limitations on the design of masonry lintels, all lintels must contain reinforcement. Concrete masonry lintels are not typically manufactured using shear reinforcement (stirrups or other vertical reinforcement). Therefore, this standard does not address issues related to such. For further guidance, refer to Building Code Requirements for Masonry Structures, TMS 402. Prestressed concrete lintels are not covered by this standard.  
1.2 Lintels are manufactured using a no-slump concrete mix to provide a surface texture similar to that of concrete masonry. This specification applies to both machine-made and hand-tamped concrete masonry lintels intended for use in concrete masonry applications.  
1.3 Concrete masonry lintels covered by this specification are made from lightweight or normal weight aggregates, or both.  
1.4 This specification does not address the design or analysis of lintel capacity. Structural evaluations must be performed separately. The strength of a lintel is a function of factors including, but not limited to, the characteristics of the materials used in manufacturing (concrete materials and reinforcement), the amount and location of reinforcement, and the manufacturing and curing procedures. For design and analysis methods, refer to Building Code Requirements for Masonry Structures, TMS 402.  
1.5 This specification does not cover U-shaped lintels or those of other cross-sections that are not 100 % solid.  
1.6 This specification does not cover lintels of grouted concrete masonry lintels, or precast or cast-in-place lintels of slump concrete.  
1.7 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.8 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers segmental concrete paving slabs manufactured for construction of pedestrian and roof applications for commercial and municipal projects where close dimensional tolerances for thickness, and/or length and width are not required. These slabs can be manufactured with a dry-cast, wet-cast, or hydraulically pressed process. Concrete units covered by this specification shall be made with lightweight or normal weight aggregates or both.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for segmental concrete paving slabs manufactured for construction of pedestrian and roof applications for commercial and municipal projects. These slabs can be manufactured with a dry-cast, wet-cast, or hydraulically pressed process.
Note 1: Pedestal-set applications and those applications subject to vehicular traffic may require alternate materials properties or structural support or both.  
1.2 Concrete units covered by this specification shall be made with lightweight or normal weight aggregates or both.
Note 2: If particular features are desired, such as weight classification, higher modulus of rupture, surface textures, finish, color, or other special features, such properties should be specified by the purchaser. Local sellers, however, should be consulted as to availability of units having the desired features.  
1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers dry-cast, manufactured concrete units that are primarily used for ballast applications. These units are machine-made from hydraulic cement, water, and suitable mineral aggregates with or without the inclusion of other materials.
Note 1: The design of concrete ballast units systems for resisting wind uplift is beyond the scope of this specification. Building codes and other standards should be consulted in designing for wind uplift resistance.
Note 2: Previously, there were two standards that covered units used for ballast. Specification C1491 was for concrete roof pavers, primarily used for roof ballast and protection of roof membrane. Specification C1884 was for units for ballast for rooftop equipment. Due to the similarity in these units and application, this standard now serves as the single standard for manufactured concrete units used in all ballast applications.  
1.2 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers brick made principally from sand and lime and intended for use in brick masonry. Two grades of brick are covered: grade SW - brick intended for use where exposed to temperature below freezing in the presence of moisture, grade MW - brick intended for use where exposed to temperature below freezing but unlikely to be saturated with eater. The brick shall conform to the physical requirements for the grade specified, as prescribed. All units shall be sound and free of cracks or other defects that interfere with the proper placement of the unit or significantly impair the strength or permanence of the construction.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers brick made principally from sand and lime and intended for use in brick masonry. Two grades of brick are covered:  
1.1.1 Grade SW—Brick intended for use where exposed to temperature below freezing in the presence of moisture.  
Note 1: As a typical example, brick used for foundation courses and parapets in the northeastern quarter of the United States should conform to Grade SW.  
1.1.2 Grade MW—Brick intended for use where exposed to temperature below freezing but unlikely to be saturated with water.  
Note 2: As a typical example, brick exposed in the face of the wall other than parapet or foundations, or brick intended for structures located in regions of the United States characterized by less severe frost action or by drier climate than is found in the northeastern quarter of the United States should conform to Grade MW.  
1.1.3 When the term brick is used in this specification, it is understood to mean brick or solid masonry units.  
1.2 If brick having a particular color, texture, finish, or uniformity is desired, these features shall be specified separately by the purchaser.  
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method is intended to evaluate the drying shrinkage characteristics of a given unit. The results of this laboratory method are considered in determining concrete masonry crack control provisions.  
Note 1: The testing laboratory performing this test method should be evaluated in accordance with Practice C1093.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a routine standardized procedure for determining the linear drying shrinkage of concrete masonry units or related concrete units under specified accelerated drying conditions.  
1.2 The text of this test method references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This test method is intended to determine the effects of freezing and thawing on units conforming to the dimensional requirements of Specification C936/C936M while immersed in a test solution. Other types of segmental concrete paving units that do not conform to the dimensional requirements of Specification C936/C936M may be tested using this test method.  
3.2 The results from this test method are not intended to provide a quantitative measure of the length of service from concrete paving units conforming to the dimensional requirements of Specification C936/C936M.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method evaluates the resistance to freezing and thawing of solid interlocking concrete paving units conforming to the dimensional requirements of Specification C936/C936M. Units are tested in a test solution that is either tap water or 3 % saline solution, depending on the intended use of the units in actual service.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers prefaced concrete and calcium silicate masonry units with the exposed-to-view-in-place surfaces are coated with resin, resin and inert filler, or cement and inert filler during manufacture. The coatings are intended to produce smooth resinous tile facing. Facings should be tested according to the prescribed procedures and should meet the requirements for resistance to crazing, cracking, or spalling, resistance to chemicals, adhesion, abrasion, surface-burning characteristics, color, tint, texture, and soiling and cleansability.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers prefaced concrete and calcium silicate masonry units with the finished face(s) covered at the point of manufacture with resin, resin and inert filler, or cement and inert filler to produce a smooth tile-like surface feature. This specification does not address, and therefore is not applicable to, ground-face concrete masonry units that are manufactured by grinding a thin layer off the surface of a concrete masonry unit to expose aggregates within and polishing to produce a smooth, architectural finish.  
1.2 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers fly ash brick intended for use in masonry, which are made from fly ash, water, and suitable mineral aggregates with or without the inclusion of other materials, and without the use of portland cement. Units that fall under this specification include a fly ash binder that undergoes hydraulic, pozzolanic, alkali-activated, or geopolymer reactions, or any combination thereof. These chemical reactions, in conjunction with the other materials in the units, provide the strength and durability necessary to meet the requirements of this specification. The specification includes cementitious materials, aggregates, and pigments for integrally colored concrete; physical requirements, strength, durability, and shrinkage; permissible variation in dimensions; finish and appearance; sampling and testing; and compliance. A table presents the strength, absorption, and density classification requirements addressed by this specification.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers fly ash brick intended for use in masonry, which are made from fly ash, water, and suitable mineral aggregates with or without the inclusion of other materials, and without the use of portland cement. This specification covers units intended for use in masonry, in both structural and facing applications.  
1.2 Units covered under this specification include a fly ash binder that undergoes hydraulic, pozzolanic, alkali-activated, or geopolymer reactions, or any combination thereof. These chemical reactions, in conjunction with the other materials in the units, provide the strength and durability necessary to meet the requirements of this specification.  
Note 1: This specification addresses properties of units formed using fly ash, aggregates, and other allowed binders. Although not required by this standard, users may request tests that establish assembly performance such as unit-mortar bond and fire resistance.  
1.3 This specification references notes and footnotes, which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification establishes the product criteria and minimum performance requirements for concrete floor tile (CFT) used as interior and exterior flooring. The units described by this specification are manufactured from cementitious materials, mineral aggregates (normal weight, lightweight, or both), water, and additives that are cast into various textures and shapes, often simulating natural stone, brick, terracotta, saltillo, and others. The standard addresses materials and their manufacture, physical properties, sampling, packaging and package marking, and certification.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers concrete floor tile (CFT) for application as interior and exterior flooring. The units described by this specification are manufactured from cementitious materials, mineral aggregates (normal weight, lightweight, or both), water, and additives that are cast into various textures and shapes, often simulating natural stone, brick, terracotta, saltillo, and others.  
1.2 This specification is limited to requirements for the physical attributes for the CFT units.  
1.3 The use of results from testing installed CFT units that have been removed from use for determining conformance or nonconformance to the requirements of this specification is beyond the scope of this specification.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The procedure described in this test method is intended to determine the effects of freezing and thawing on SRW and related units in the presence of potable tap water or saline solution.  
4.2 The procedure is not intended to provide a quantitative measure to determine an expected length of service for a specific type of concrete unit.
Note 2: The testing laboratory performing this test method should be evaluated in accordance with Practice C1093.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the resistance to freezing and thawing of dry-cast segmental retaining wall (SRW) units (see Specification C1372) and related concrete units. Units are tested in a test solution that is either potable tap water or 3 % saline solution depending on the intended use of the units in actual service.  
Note 1: Related concrete units include units such as hollow and solid concrete masonry units, concrete brick, and concrete roof pavers.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with this standard. Some values have only SI units because the inch-pound equivalents are not used in practice.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers segmental concrete paving slabs manufactured for construction of pedestrian and roof applications for commercial and municipal projects where close dimensional tolerances for thickness, and/or length and width are not required. These slabs can be manufactured with a dry-cast, wet-cast, or hydraulically pressed process. Concrete units covered by this specification shall be made with lightweight or normal weight aggregates or both.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for segmental concrete paving slabs manufactured for construction of pedestrian and roof applications for commercial and municipal projects. These slabs can be manufactured with a dry-cast, wet-cast, or hydraulically pressed process.
Note 1: Pedestal-set applications and those applications subject to vehicular traffic may require alternate materials properties or structural support or both.  
1.2 Concrete units covered by this specification shall be made with lightweight or normal weight aggregates or both.
Note 2: If particular features are desired, such as weight classification, higher modulus of rupture, surface textures, finish, color, or other special features, such properties should be specified by the purchaser. Local sellers, however, should be consulted as to availability of units having the desired features.  
1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification is intended for interlocking concrete pavers used in the construction of paved surfaces and manufactured from cementitious materials, aggregates, chemical admixtures, and other constituents such as integral water repellents. The specification also offers guidelines for physical requirements, sampling and testing, visual inspection, and rejection of specimens.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for interlocking concrete pavers manufactured for the construction of paved surfaces.  
1.2 Concrete units covered by this specification shall be made with lightweight or normal weight aggregates or both.
Note 1: If particular features are desired, such as weight classification, higher compressive strength, surface textures, finish, color, or other special features, such properties should be specified by the purchaser. Local sellers, however, should be consulted as to availability of units having the desired features.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification establishes the minimum product requirements for adhered manufactured stone masonry veneer (AMSMV) units which are manufactured from cementitious materials, aggregates, air-entraining admixtures, concrete admixtures, coloring pigments, reinforcement fibers, and other components which are wet-cast into shapes simulating the appearance of stone, rocks found in nature, and other textures. It also addresses sampling, physical properties and testing, finish and appearance, product identification and packaging, and reporting.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the minimum product requirements for adhered manufactured stone masonry veneer units applied as an adhered veneer to exterior and interior walls and structures suitable to receive units.  
1.2 The property requirements of this specification apply at the time of delivery. This standard does not address the physical evaluation of installed units removed from service.  
1.3 The units described by this specification are manufactured from a mixture of cement, normal or lightweight aggregates (or a combination of both), water, admixtures, other cementitious materials and other components which are wet-cast into shapes simulating the appearance of natural stone and other textures.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.5 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: When particular features are desired such as surface textures or color these features should be specified separately. Suppliers should be consulted as to the availability of units having the desired features.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These test methods provide general testing requirements for application to a broad range of concrete products. Those general testing requirements are included in the body of this standard.
Note 2: Consult manufacturer, supplier, product specifications, or other resources for more specific measurement or testing guidelines for those products not addressed with the annex of this standard.  
4.2 These test methods provide specific testing requirements in two distinct sections, the requirements applicable to all units covered by these test methods and those applicable to the specific unit types. The requirements applicable to all units are included in the body of these test methods and those applicable to the specific unit types are included within the annexes.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods provide various testing procedures commonly used for evaluating characteristics of concrete masonry units and related concrete units. Methods are provided for sampling, measurement of dimensions, compressive strength, absorption, unit weight (density), moisture content, flexural load, and ballast weight. Not all methods are applicable to all unit types, however.  
1.2 Specific testing and reporting procedures are included in annexes to these test methods for the following specific unit types:    
Annex A1—Concrete masonry units
(Specifications C90, C129)  
Annex A2—Concrete and calcium silicate brick
(Specifications C55, C73, C1634)  
Annex A3—Segmental retaining wall units (Specification C1372)  
Annex A4—Concrete interlocking paving units
(Specification C936/C936M)    
Annex A5—Concrete grid paving units (Specification C1319)  
Annex A6—Concrete roof pavers
(Specification C1491)  
Annex A7—Dry-cast articulating concrete block
(Specification D6684)  
Annex A8—Segmental concrete paving slabs
(Specification C1782/C1782M)  
Annex A9—Concrete ballast block
(Specification C1884)  
1.3 The test procedures included in these test methods are also applicable to other types of units not referenced in these test methods, but specific testing and reporting requirements for those units are not included.  
1.4 These test methods include the following sections:    
Section  
Scope  
1  
Referenced Documents  
2  
Terminology  
3  
Significance and Use  
4  
Sampling  
5  
Measurement of Dimensions  
6  
Compressive Strength  
7  
Absorption  
8  
Calculations  
9  
Report  
10  
Keywords  
11  
Annexes—Test Procedures  
Concrete Masonry Units  
Annex A1  
Concrete and Calcium Silicate Brick  
Annex A2  
Segmental Retaining
Wall Units  
Annex A3  
Concrete Interlocking Paving Units  
Annex A4  
Concrete Grid Paving
Units  
Annex A5  
Concrete Roof Pavers  
Annex A6  
Dry-Cast Articulating
Concrete Block  
Annex A7  
Segmental Concrete Paving Slabs  
Annex A8  
Concrete Ballast Block  
Annex A9  
Worksheet and Test Report for
Concrete Masonry Units  
Appendix X1  
Test Report for Concrete Interlocking
Paving Units  
Appendix X2  
Calculation of Normalized Web Area  
Appendix X3
Note 1: The testing laboratory performing these test methods should be evaluated in accordance with Practice C1093.  
1.5 The text of this test method references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.6 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of t...

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the requirements for concrete grid paving units proposed for use in vehicular trafficways, parking areas, soil stabilization, and revetments. Materials shall possess adequate durability for the intended use.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for concrete grid paving units for vehicular trafficways, parking areas, soil stabilization, and revetments.
Note 1: When particular features are desired, such as weight classification, higher compressive strength, surface texture, finish, color, or other special features, such properties should be specified separately by the purchaser. However, local sellers should be consulted as to availability of units having the desired features.  
1.2 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers dry-cast, manufactured concrete units that are primarily used for ballast applications. These units are machine-made from hydraulic cement, water, and suitable mineral aggregates with or without the inclusion of other materials.
Note 1: The design of concrete ballast units systems for resisting wind uplift is beyond the scope of this specification. Building codes and other standards should be consulted in designing for wind uplift resistance.
Note 2: Previously, there were two standards that covered units used for ballast. Specification C1491 was for concrete roof pavers, primarily used for roof ballast and protection of roof membrane. Specification C1884 was for units for ballast for rooftop equipment. Due to the similarity in these units and application, this standard now serves as the single standard for manufactured concrete units used in all ballast applications.  
1.2 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers solid, dry-cast, concrete facing brick intended for interior and exterior use in constructing structural and facing masonry components and are made from portland cement, water, and suitable mineral aggregates with or without the inclusion of other materials. Concrete facing bricks shall be grouped into density classifications as either lightweight, medium weight, or normal weight. Specimens shall be sampled, tested, and conform accordingly to the specified physical requirements (oven-dry density, maximum water absorption, and minimum net area compressive strength) suitable for their density classification.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers solid, dry-cast, concrete facing brick and other solid concrete masonry facing units intended for interior and exterior use in constructing structural and facing masonry components and are made from portland cement, water, and suitable mineral aggregates with or without the inclusion of other materials.
Note 1: Specification C55 addresses concrete building brick used in non-facing, utilitarian applications (previously referred to in earlier editions of Specification C55 as Grade S—for general use where moderate strength and resistance to frost action and moisture penetration are required). This specification differs from Specification C55 in that it includes expanded consideration for properties of concrete units used in facing applications and other exposures (previously referred to in earlier editions of Specification C55 as Grade N—for use as architectural veneer and facing units in exterior walls and for use where high strength and resistance to moisture penetration and severe frost action are desired).  
1.2 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
Note 2: Concrete facing brick and other solid concrete masonry facing units covered by this specification are made from lightweight or normal weight aggregates, or both.
Note 3: When particular features are desired, such as density classification, high compressive strength, surface textures for appearance or bond, finish, color, fire resistance, insulation, acoustical properties, or other special features, such properties should be specified separately by the purchaser. Suppliers should be consulted as to the availability of concrete facing brick and other concrete masonry facing units having the desired features.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers hollow and solid nonloadbearing concrete masonry units made from Portland cement, water, and mineral aggregates with or without the inclusion of other materials. These units are intended for use in nonloadbearing partitions, but under certain conditions they may be suitable for use in nonloadbearing exterior walls above grade where effectively protected from the weather. Concrete masonry units manufactured under this specification shall conform to the specified density classifications and compressive strength requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers hollow and solid nonloadbearing concrete masonry units made from portland cement, water, and mineral aggregates with or without the inclusion of other materials. These units are intended for use in nonloadbearing partitions, but under certain conditions they may be suitable for use in nonloadbearing exterior walls above grade where effectively protected from the weather.  
1.2 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
Note 1: Concrete masonry units covered by this specification are made from lightweight or normal weight aggregates, or both.
Note 2: When particular features are desired, such as density classification, surface texture for appearance or bond, finish, color, fire resistance, insulation, acoustical properties, or other special features, such properties should be specified separately by the purchaser. However, suppliers should be consulted as to the availability of units having the desired features.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers dry–cast segmental retaining wall units of concrete, machine–made from hydraulic cement, water, and suitable mineral aggregates with or without the inclusion of other materials. The units are intended for use in the construction of mortarless segmental retaining walls. The material composition of retaining wall units consists of cementitious materials like portland cement and its modified form, limestone, hydraulic cement, blended hydraulic cement, pozzolans, blast furnace slag cement, aggregates, and other constituents which include air-entraining agents, coloring pigments, integral water repellents, and finely ground silica. All units shall be sound and free of cracks or other defects that interfere with the proper placement of the unit or significantly impair the strength or permanence of the construction.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers dry-cast segmental retaining wall units of concrete, machine–made from hydraulic cement, water, and suitable mineral aggregates with or without the inclusion of other materials. The units are intended for use in the construction of mortarless segmental retaining walls.
Note 1: When particular features are desired, such as density classification, higher compressive strength, surface texture, finish, color, or other special features, such properties should be specified separately by the purchaser. Suppliers should be consulted as to availability of units having the desired features.  
1.2 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers solid precast segmental concrete masonry units made from hydraulic cement, water, and suitable mineral aggregates, with or without the inclusion of other materials. The units are intended for use in the construction of catch basins and manholes. All units shall be sound and free of cracks or other defects that interfere with the proper placing of the unit.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers solid precast segmental concrete masonry units made from hydraulic cement, water, and suitable mineral aggregates, with or without the inclusion of other materials. The units are intended for use in the construction of catch basins and manholes.  
1.2 The text of this standard referenced notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers solid, dry-cast, concrete building brick intended for interior and exterior use in constructing structural masonry, and are made from portland cement, water, and suitable mineral aggregates with or without the inclusion of other materials. Materials to be used in the manufacture of brick include Portland cement, limestone, hydraulic cement, pozzolan, blast furnace slag cement, aggregates, and other constituents like air-entraining agents, coloring pigments, integral water repellents, and finely ground silica. All units shall be sound and free of cracks or other defects that interfere with the proper placement of the units or significantly impair the strength or permanence of the construction.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers solid, dry-cast, concrete building brick intended for interior and exterior use in constructing structural masonry, and are made from portland cement, water, and suitable mineral aggregates with or without the inclusion of other materials.
Note 1: Specification C1634 addresses concrete facing brick used in facing applications and other exposures (previously referred to in earlier editions of this standard as Grade N—for use as architectural veneer and facing units in exterior walls and for use where high-strength and resistance to moisture penetration and severe frost action are desired). This specification differs from C1634 in that it addresses properties for concrete building brick used in non-facing, utilitarian applications (previously referred to in earlier editions of this specification as Grade S—for general use where moderate strength and resistance to frost action and moisture penetration are required).  
1.2 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
Note 2: Concrete building brick covered by this specification are made from lightweight or normal weight aggregates, or both.
Note 3: When particular features are desired, such as density classification, high compressive strength, surface textures for appearance or bond, finish, color, fire resistance, insulation, acoustical properties, or other special features, such properties should be specified separately by the purchaser. Suppliers should be consulted as to the availability of concrete building brick having the desired features.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers concrete masonry lintels (beams) that are solid in cross-section, are reinforced for flexure, and are made from hydraulic cement, water, and mineral aggregates with or without the inclusion of other materials. These lintels are suitable for both loadbearing and nonloadbearing applications. Compression and absorption tests shall be performed to meet the specified requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers concrete masonry lintels (beams) that are solid in cross-section, are reinforced for flexure, and are made from hydraulic cement, water, and mineral aggregates with or without the inclusion of other materials. These lintels are suitable for both loadbearing and nonloadbearing applications.
Note 1: This specification covers only concrete masonry lintels containing reinforcement. Due to building code imposed limitations on the design of masonry lintels, all lintels must contain reinforcement. Concrete masonry lintels are not typically manufactured using shear reinforcement (stirrups or other vertical reinforcement). Therefore, this standard does not address issues related to such. For further guidance, refer to Building Code Requirements for Masonry Structures, TMS 402. Prestressed concrete lintels are not covered by this standard.  
1.2 Lintels are manufactured using a no-slump concrete mix to provide a surface texture similar to that of concrete masonry. This specification applies to both machine-made and hand-tamped concrete masonry lintels intended for use in concrete masonry applications.  
1.3 Concrete masonry lintels covered by this specification are made from lightweight or normal weight aggregates, or both.  
1.4 This specification does not address the design or analysis of lintel capacity. Structural evaluations must be performed separately. The strength of a lintel is a function of factors including, but not limited to, the characteristics of the materials used in manufacturing (concrete materials and reinforcement), the amount and location of reinforcement, and the manufacturing and curing procedures. For design and analysis methods, refer to Building Code Requirements for Masonry Structures, TMS 402.  
1.5 This specification does not cover U-shaped lintels or those of other cross-sections that are not 100 % solid.  
1.6 This specification does not cover lintels of grouted concrete masonry lintels, or precast or cast-in-place lintels of slump concrete.  
1.7 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.8 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers brick made principally from sand and lime and intended for use in brick masonry. Two grades of brick are covered: grade SW - brick intended for use where exposed to temperature below freezing in the presence of moisture, grade MW - brick intended for use where exposed to temperature below freezing but unlikely to be saturated with eater. The brick shall conform to the physical requirements for the grade specified, as prescribed. All units shall be sound and free of cracks or other defects that interfere with the proper placement of the unit or significantly impair the strength or permanence of the construction.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers brick made principally from sand and lime and intended for use in brick masonry. Two grades of brick are covered:  
1.1.1 Grade SW—Brick intended for use where exposed to temperature below freezing in the presence of moisture.  
Note 1: As a typical example, brick used for foundation courses and parapets in the northeastern quarter of the United States should conform to Grade SW.  
1.1.2 Grade MW—Brick intended for use where exposed to temperature below freezing but unlikely to be saturated with water.  
Note 2: As a typical example, brick exposed in the face of the wall other than parapet or foundations, or brick intended for structures located in regions of the United States characterized by less severe frost action or by drier climate than is found in the northeastern quarter of the United States should conform to Grade MW.  
1.1.3 When the term brick is used in this specification, it is understood to mean brick or solid masonry units.  
1.2 If brick having a particular color, texture, finish, or uniformity is desired, these features shall be specified separately by the purchaser.  
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers dry-cast concrete ballast blocks that are primarily used for ballast of rooftop equipment. These units are machine-made from hydraulic cement, water, and suitable mineral aggregates with or without the inclusion of other materials.
Note 1: The design of concrete ballast block systems for resisting wind uplift is beyond the scope of this specification. Building codes and other standards should be consulted in designing for wind uplift resistance.  
1.2 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These test methods provide general testing requirements for application to a broad range of concrete products. Those general testing requirements are included in the body of this standard.
Note 2: Consult manufacturer, supplier, product specifications, or other resources for more specific measurement or testing guidelines for those products not addressed with the annex of this standard.  
4.2 These test methods provide specific testing requirements in two distinct sections, the requirements applicable to all units covered by these test methods and those applicable to the specific unit types. The requirements applicable to all units are included in the body of these test methods and those applicable to the specific unit types are included within the annexes.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods provide various testing procedures commonly used for evaluating characteristics of concrete masonry units and related concrete units. Methods are provided for sampling, measurement of dimensions, compressive strength, absorption, unit weight (density), moisture content, flexural load, and ballast weight. Not all methods are applicable to all unit types, however.  
1.2 Specific testing and reporting procedures are included in annexes to these test methods for the following specific unit types:    
Annex A1—Concrete masonry units
(Specifications C90, C129)  
Annex A2—Concrete and calcium silicate brick
(Specifications C55, C73, C1634)  
Annex A3—Segmental retaining wall units (Specification C1372)  
Annex A4—Concrete interlocking paving units
(Specification C936/C936M)    
Annex A5—Concrete grid paving units (Specification C1319)  
Annex A6—Concrete roof pavers
(Specification C1491)  
Annex A7—Dry-cast articulating concrete block
(Specification D6684)  
Annex A8—Segmental concrete paving slabs
(Specification C1782/C1782M)  
Annex A9—Concrete ballast block
(Specification C1884)  
1.3 The test procedures included in these test methods are also applicable to other types of units not referenced in these test methods, but specific testing and reporting requirements for those units are not included.  
1.4 These test methods include the following sections:    
Section  
Scope  
1  
Referenced Documents  
2  
Terminology  
3  
Significance and Use  
4  
Sampling  
5  
Measurement of Dimensions  
6  
Compressive Strength  
7  
Absorption  
8  
Calculations  
9  
Report  
10  
Keywords  
11  
Annexes—Test Procedures  
Concrete Masonry Units  
Annex A1  
Concrete and Calcium Silicate Brick  
Annex A2  
Segmental Retaining
Wall Units  
Annex A3  
Concrete Interlocking Paving Units  
Annex A4  
Concrete Grid Paving
Units  
Annex A5  
Concrete Roof Pavers  
Annex A6  
Dry-Cast Articulating
Concrete Block  
Annex A7  
Segmental Concrete Paving Slabs  
Annex A8  
Concrete Ballast Block  
Annex A9  
Worksheet and Test Report for
Concrete Masonry Units  
Appendix X1  
Test Report for Concrete Interlocking
Paving Units  
Appendix X2  
Calculation of Normalized Web Area  
Appendix X3
Note 1: The testing laboratory performing these test methods should be evaluated in accordance with Practice C1093.  
1.5 The text of this test method references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.6 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of t...

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These test methods provide general testing requirements for application to a broad range of concrete products. Those general testing requirements are included in the body of this standard.
Note 2: Consult manufacturer, supplier, product specifications, or other resources for more specific measurement or testing guidelines for those products not addressed with the annex of this standard.  
4.2 These test methods provide specific testing requirements in two distinct sections, the requirements applicable to all units covered by these test methods and those applicable to the specific unit types. The requirements applicable to all units are included in the body of these test methods and those applicable to the specific unit types are included within the annexes.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods provide various testing procedures commonly used for evaluating characteristics of concrete masonry units and related concrete units. Methods are provided for sampling, measurement of dimensions, compressive strength, absorption, unit weight (density), moisture content, flexural load, and ballast weight. Not all methods are applicable to all unit types, however.  
1.2 Specific testing and reporting procedures are included in annexes to these test methods for the following specific unit types:    
Annex A1—Concrete masonry units
(Specifications C90, C129)  
Annex A2—Concrete and calcium silicate brick
(Specifications C55, C73, C1634)  
Annex A3—Segmental retaining wall units (Specification C1372)  
Annex A4—Concrete interlocking paving units
(Specification C936/C936M)    
Annex A5—Concrete grid paving units (Specification C1319)  
Annex A6—Concrete roof pavers
(Specification C1491)  
Annex A7—Dry-cast articulating concrete block
(Specification D6684)  
Annex A8—Segmental concrete paving slabs
(Specification C1782/C1782M)  
Annex A9—Concrete ballast block
(Specification C1884)  
1.3 The test procedures included in these test methods are also applicable to other types of units not referenced in these test methods, but specific testing and reporting requirements for those units are not included.  
1.4 These test methods include the following sections:    
Section  
Scope  
1  
Referenced Documents  
2  
Terminology  
3  
Significance and Use  
4  
Sampling  
5  
Measurement of Dimensions  
6  
Compressive Strength  
7  
Absorption  
8  
Calculations  
9  
Report  
10  
Keywords  
11  
Annexes—Test Procedures  
Concrete Masonry Units  
Annex A1  
Concrete and Calcium Silicate Brick  
Annex A2  
Segmental Retaining
Wall Units  
Annex A3  
Concrete Interlocking Paving Units  
Annex A4  
Concrete Grid Paving
Units  
Annex A5  
Concrete Roof Pavers  
Annex A6  
Dry-Cast Articulating
Concrete Block  
Annex A7  
Segmental Concrete Paving Slabs  
Annex A8  
Concrete Ballast Block  
Annex A9  
Worksheet and Test Report for
Concrete Masonry Units  
Appendix X1  
Test Report for Concrete Interlocking
Paving Units  
Appendix X2  
Calculation of Normalized Web Area  
Appendix X3
Note 1: The testing laboratory performing these test methods should be evaluated in accordance with Practice C1093.  
1.5 The text of this test method references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.6 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of t...

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This test method is intended to determine the effects of freezing and thawing on units conforming to the dimensional requirements of Specification C936/C936M while immersed in a test solution. Other types of segmental concrete paving units that do not conform to the dimensional requirements of Specification C936/C936M may be tested using this test method.  
3.2 The results from this test method are not intended to provide a quantitative measure of the length of service from concrete paving units conforming to the dimensional requirements of Specification C936/C936M.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method evaluates the resistance to freezing and thawing of solid interlocking concrete paving units conforming to the dimensional requirements of Specification C936/C936M. Units are tested in a test solution that is either tap water or 3 % saline solution, depending on the intended use of the units in actual service.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method is intended to evaluate the drying shrinkage characteristics of a given unit. The results of this laboratory method are considered in determining concrete masonry crack control provisions.  
Note 1: The testing laboratory performing this test method should be evaluated in accordance with Practice C1093.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a routine standardized procedure for determining the linear drying shrinkage of concrete masonry units or related concrete units under specified accelerated drying conditions.  
1.2 The text of this test method references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers hollow and solid concrete masonry units made from hydraulic cement, water, and mineral aggregates with or without the inclusion of other materials. There are three classes of concrete masonry units: normal weight, medium weight, and lightweight. These units are suitable for both loadbearing and nonloadbearing applications. Concrete masonry units shall be made from lightweight or normal weight aggregates, or both.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers hollow and solid (see 5.3 and 5.4) concrete masonry units made from hydraulic cement, water, and mineral aggregates with or without the inclusion of other materials. There are three classes of concrete masonry units: Normal Weight, Medium Weight, and Lightweight. These units are suitable for both loadbearing and nonloadbearing applications.  
1.2 Concrete masonry units covered by this specification are made from lightweight or normal weight aggregates, or both.
Note 1: The requirements of this specification have been researched, evaluated, and established for over a century, resulting in the physical properties and attributes defined here. These requirements are uniquely and solely applicable to concrete masonry units manufactured on equipment using low or zero slump concrete and the constituent materials defined herein. Many performance attributes of concrete masonry units are indirectly accounted for, or inherently reflected within, the requirements of this specification without direct measurement, assessment, or evaluation. Applying the requirements of this specification to products that may be similar in appearance, use, or nature to those covered by this specification may not address all pertinent physical properties necessary to ensure performance or serviceability of the resulting construction in real-world applications under typical exposure environments. Products manufactured using alternative materials, manufacturing methods, or curing processes not covered by this specification should not be evaluated solely using the requirements in this specification; however, developers of new products can consider the property requirements of this specification as a beginning benchmark for unit performance. It is reasonable to test new products for system performance as well as unit performance.  
1.3 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
Note 2: When particular features are desired such as surface textures for appearance or bond, finish, color, or particular properties such as density classification, higher compressive strength, fire resistance, thermal performance or acoustical performance, these features should be specified separately by the purchaser. Suppliers should be consulted as to the availability of units having the desired features.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These test methods provide general testing requirements for application to a broad range of concrete products. Those general testing requirements are included in the body of this standard.
Note 2: Consult manufacturer, supplier, product specifications, or other resources for more specific measurement or testing guidelines for those products not addressed with the annex of this standard.  
4.2 These test methods provide specific testing requirements in two distinct sections, the requirements applicable to all units covered by these test methods and those applicable to the specific unit types. The requirements applicable to all units are included in the body of these test methods and those applicable to the specific unit types are included within the annexes.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods provide various testing procedures commonly used for evaluating characteristics of concrete masonry units and related concrete units. Methods are provided for sampling, measurement of dimensions, compressive strength, absorption, unit weight (density), moisture content, flexural load, and ballast weight. Not all methods are applicable to all unit types, however.  
1.2 Specific testing and reporting procedures are included in annexes to these test methods for the following specific unit types:    
Annex A1—Concrete masonry units
(Specifications C90, C129)  
Annex A2—Concrete and calcium silicate brick
(Specifications C55, C73, C1634)  
Annex A3—Segmental retaining wall units (Specification C1372)  
Annex A4—Concrete interlocking paving units
(Specification C936/C936M)    
Annex A5—Concrete grid paving units (Specification C1319)  
Annex A6—Concrete roof pavers
(Specification C1491)  
Annex A7—Dry-cast articulating concrete block
(Specification D6684)  
Annex A8—Segmental concrete paving slabs
(Specification C1782/C1782M)  
Annex A9—Concrete ballast block
(Specification C1884)  
1.3 The test procedures included in these test methods are also applicable to other types of units not referenced in these test methods, but specific testing and reporting requirements for those units are not included.  
1.4 These test methods include the following sections:    
Section  
Scope  
1  
Referenced Documents  
2  
Terminology  
3  
Significance and Use  
4  
Sampling  
5  
Measurement of Dimensions  
6  
Compressive Strength  
7  
Absorption  
8  
Calculations  
9  
Report  
10  
Keywords  
11  
Annexes—Test Procedures  
Concrete Masonry Units  
Annex A1  
Concrete and Calcium Silicate Brick  
Annex A2  
Segmental Retaining
Wall Units  
Annex A3  
Concrete Interlocking Paving Units  
Annex A4  
Concrete Grid Paving
Units  
Annex A5  
Concrete Roof Pavers  
Annex A6  
Dry-Cast Articulating
Concrete Block  
Annex A7  
Segmental Concrete Paving Slabs  
Annex A8  
Concrete Ballast Block  
Annex A9  
Worksheet and Test Report for
Concrete Masonry Units  
Appendix X1  
Test Report for Concrete Interlocking
Paving Units  
Appendix X2  
Calculation of Normalized Web Area  
Appendix X3
Note 1: The testing laboratory performing these test methods should be evaluated in accordance with Practice C1093.  
1.5 The text of this test method references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.6 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of t...

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These test methods provide general testing requirements for application to a broad range of concrete products. Those general testing requirements are included in the body of this standard.
Note 2: Consult manufacturer, supplier, product specifications, or other resources for more specific measurement or testing guidelines for those products not addressed with the annex of this standard.  
4.2 These test methods provide specific testing requirements in two distinct sections, the requirements applicable to all units covered by these test methods and those applicable to the specific unit types. The requirements applicable to all units are included in the body of these test methods and those applicable to the specific unit types are included within the annexes.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods provide various testing procedures commonly used for evaluating characteristics of concrete masonry units and related concrete units. Methods are provided for sampling, measurement of dimensions, compressive strength, absorption, unit weight (density), moisture content, flexural load, and ballast weight. Not all methods are applicable to all unit types, however.  
1.2 Specific testing and reporting procedures are included in annexes to these test methods for the following specific unit types:    
Annex A1—Concrete masonry units
(Specifications C90, C129)  
Annex A2—Concrete and calcium silicate brick
(Specifications C55, C73, C1634)  
Annex A3—Segmental retaining wall units (Specification C1372)  
Annex A4—Concrete interlocking paving units
(Specification C936/C936M)    
Annex A5—Concrete grid paving units (Specification C1319)  
Annex A6—Concrete roof pavers
(Specification C1491)  
Annex A7—Dry-cast articulating concrete block
(Specification D6684)  
Annex A8—Segmental Concrete Paving Slabs
(Specification C1782/C1782M)  
1.3 The test procedures included in these test methods are also applicable to other types of units not referenced in these test methods, but specific testing and reporting requirements for those units are not included.  
1.4 These test methods include the following sections:    
Section  
Scope  
1  
Referenced Documents  
2  
Terminology  
3  
Significance and Use  
4  
Sampling  
5  
Measurement of Dimensions  
6  
Compressive Strength  
7  
Absorption  
8  
Calculations  
9  
Report  
10  
Keywords  
11  
Annexes—Test Procedures  
Concrete Masonry Units  
Annex A1  
Concrete and Calcium Silicate Brick  
Annex A2  
Segmental Retaining
Wall Units  
Annex A3  
Concrete Interlocking Paving Units  
Annex A4  
Concrete Grid Paving
Units  
Annex A5  
Concrete Roof Pavers  
Annex A6  
Dry-Cast Articulating
Concrete Block  
Annex A7  
Segmental Concrete Paving Slabs  
Annex A8  
Worksheet and Test Report for
Concrete Masonry Units  
Appendix X1  
Test Report for Concrete Interlocking
Paving Units  
Appendix X2  
Calculation of Normalized Web Area  
Appendix X3
Note 1: The testing laboratory performing these test methods should be evaluated in accordance with Practice C1093.  
1.5 The text of this test method references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.6 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and de...

ABSTRACT
This specification establishes the minimum product requirements for adhered manufactured stone masonry veneer (AMSMV) units which are manufactured from cementitious materials, aggregates, air-entraining admixtures, concrete admixtures, coloring pigments, reinforcement fibers, and other components which are wet-cast into shapes simulating the appearance of stone, rocks found in nature, and other textures. It also addresses sampling, physical properties and testing, finish and appearance, product identification and packaging, and reporting.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the minimum product requirements for adhered manufactured stone masonry veneer units applied as an adhered veneer to exterior and interior walls and structures suitable to receive units.  
1.2 The property requirements of this specification apply at the time of delivery. This standard does not address the physical evaluation of installed units removed from service.  
1.3 The units described by this specification are manufactured from a mixture of cement, normal or lightweight aggregates (or a combination of both), water, admixtures, other cementitious materials and other components which are wet-cast into shapes simulating the appearance of natural stone and other textures.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.5 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: When particular features are desired such as surface textures or color these features should be specified separately. Suppliers should be consulted as to the availability of units having the desired features.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification is intended for interlocking concrete pavers used in the construction of paved surfaces and manufactured from cementitious materials, aggregates, chemical admixtures, and other constituents such as integral water repellents. The specification also offers guidelines for physical requirements, sampling and testing, visual inspection, and rejection of specimens.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for interlocking concrete pavers manufactured for the construction of paved surfaces.  
1.2 Concrete units covered by this specification shall be made with lightweight or normal weight aggregates or both.
Note 1: If particular features are desired, such as weight classification, higher compressive strength, surface textures, finish, color, or other special features, such properties should be specified by the purchaser. Local sellers, however, should be consulted as to availability of units having the desired features.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers hollow and solid concrete masonry units made from hydraulic cement, water, and mineral aggregates with or without the inclusion of other materials. There are three classes of concrete masonry units: normal weight, medium weight, and lightweight. These units are suitable for both loadbearing and nonloadbearing applications. Concrete masonry units shall be made from lightweight or normal weight aggregates, or both.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers hollow and solid (see 5.3 and 5.4) concrete masonry units made from hydraulic cement, water, and mineral aggregates with or without the inclusion of other materials. There are three classes of concrete masonry units: Normal Weight, Medium Weight, and Lightweight. These units are suitable for both loadbearing and nonloadbearing applications.  
1.2 Concrete masonry units covered by this specification are made from lightweight or normal weight aggregates, or both.
Note 1: The requirements of this specification have been researched, evaluated, and established for over a century, resulting in the physical properties and attributes defined here. These requirements are uniquely and solely applicable to concrete masonry units manufactured on equipment using low or zero slump concrete and the constituent materials defined herein. Many performance attributes of concrete masonry units are indirectly accounted for, or inherently reflected within, the requirements of this specification without direct measurement, assessment, or evaluation. Applying the requirements of this specification to products that may be similar in appearance, use, or nature to those covered by this specification may not address all pertinent physical properties necessary to ensure performance or serviceability of the resulting construction in real-world applications under typical exposure environments. Products manufactured using alternative materials, manufacturing methods, or curing processes not covered by this specification should not be evaluated solely using the requirements in this specification; however, developers of new products can consider the property requirements of this specification as a beginning benchmark for unit performance. It is reasonable to test new products for system performance as well as unit performance.  
1.3 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
Note 2: When particular features are desired such as surface textures for appearance or bond, finish, color, or particular properties such as density classification, higher compressive strength, fire resistance, thermal performance or acoustical performance, these features should be specified separately by the purchaser. Suppliers should be consulted as to the availability of units having the desired features.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the requirements for concrete grid paving units proposed for use in vehicular trafficways, parking areas, soil stabilization, and revetments. Materials shall possess adequate durability for the intended use.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for concrete grid paving units for vehicular trafficways, parking areas, soil stabilization, and revetments.
Note 1: When particular features are desired, such as weight classification, higher compressive strength, surface texture, finish, color, or other special features, such properties should be specified separately by the purchaser. However, local sellers should be consulted as to availability of units having the desired features.  
1.2 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers segmental concrete paving slabs manufactured for construction of pedestrian and roof applications for commercial and municipal projects where close dimensional tolerances for thickness, and/or length and width are not required. These slabs can be manufactured with a dry-cast, wet-cast, or hydraulically pressed process. Concrete units covered by this specification shall be made with lightweight or normal weight aggregates or both.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for segmental concrete paving slabs manufactured for construction of pedestrian and roof applications for commercial and municipal projects. These slabs can be manufactured with a dry-cast, wet-cast, or hydraulically pressed process.
Note 1: Pedestal-set applications and those applications subject to vehicular traffic may require alternate materials properties or structural support or both.  
1.2 Concrete units covered by this specification shall be made with lightweight or normal weight aggregates or both.
Note 2: If particular features are desired, such as weight classification, higher modulus of rupture, surface textures, finish, color, or other special features, such properties should be specified by the purchaser. Local sellers, however, should be consulted as to availability of units having the desired features.  
1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification is intended for interlocking concrete pavers used in the construction of paved surfaces and manufactured from cementitious materials, aggregates, chemical admixtures, and other constituents such as integral water repellents. The specification also offers guidelines for physical requirements, sampling and testing, visual inspection, and rejection of specimens.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for interlocking concrete pavers manufactured for the construction of paved surfaces.  
1.2 Concrete units covered by this specification shall be made with lightweight or normal weight aggregates or both.
Note 1: If particular features are desired, such as weight classification, higher compressive strength, surface textures, finish, color, or other special features, such properties should be specified by the purchaser. Local sellers, however, should be consulted as to availability of units having the desired features.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These test methods provide general testing requirements for application to a broad range of concrete products. Those general testing requirements are included in the body of this standard.
Note 2: Consult manufacturer, supplier, product specifications, or other resources for more specific measurement or testing guidelines for those products not addressed with the annex of this standard.  
4.2 These test methods provide specific testing requirements in two distinct sections, the requirements applicable to all units covered by these test methods and those applicable to the specific unit types. The requirements applicable to all units are included in the body of these test methods and those applicable to the specific unit types are included within the annexes.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods provide various testing procedures commonly used for evaluating characteristics of concrete masonry units and related concrete units. Methods are provided for sampling, measurement of dimensions, compressive strength, absorption, unit weight (density), moisture content, flexural load, and ballast weight. Not all methods are applicable to all unit types, however.  
1.2 Specific testing and reporting procedures are included in annexes to these test methods for the following specific unit types:    
Annex A1—Concrete masonry units
(Specifications C90, C129)  
Annex A2—Concrete and calcium silicate brick
(Specifications C55, C73, C1634)  
Annex A3—Segmental retaining wall units (Specification C1372)  
Annex A4—Concrete interlocking paving units
(Specification C936/C936M)    
Annex A5—Concrete grid paving units (Specification C1319)  
Annex A6—Concrete roof pavers
(Specification C1491)  
Annex A7—Dry-cast articulating concrete block
(Specification D6684)  
Annex A8—Segmental Concrete Paving Slabs
(Specification C1782/C1782M)  
1.3 The test procedures included in these test methods are also applicable to other types of units not referenced in these test methods, but specific testing and reporting requirements for those units are not included.  
1.4 These test methods include the following sections:    
Section  
Scope  
1  
Referenced Documents  
2  
Terminology  
3  
Significance and Use  
4  
Sampling  
5  
Measurement of Dimensions  
6  
Compressive Strength  
7  
Absorption  
8  
Calculations  
9  
Report  
10  
Keywords  
11  
Annexes—Test Procedures  
Concrete Masonry Units  
Annex A1  
Concrete and Calcium Silicate Brick  
Annex A2  
Segmental Retaining
Wall Units  
Annex A3  
Concrete Interlocking Paving Units  
Annex A4  
Concrete Grid Paving
Units  
Annex A5  
Concrete Roof Pavers  
Annex A6  
Dry-Cast Articulating
Concrete Block  
Annex A7  
Segmental Concrete Paving Slabs  
Annex A8  
Worksheet and Test Report for
Concrete Masonry Units  
Appendix X1
Note 1: The testing laboratory performing these test methods should be evaluated in accordance with Practice C1093.  
1.5 The text of this test method references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.6 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordanc...

ABSTRACT
This specification establishes the minimum product requirements for adhered manufactured stone masonry veneer (AMSMV) units which are manufactured from cementitious materials, aggregates, air-entraining admixtures, concrete admixtures, coloring pigments, reinforcement fibers, and other components which are wet-cast into shapes simulating the appearance of stone, rocks found in nature, and other textures. It also addresses sampling, physical properties and testing, finish and appearance, product identification and packaging, and reporting.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the minimum product requirements for adhered manufactured stone masonry veneer units applied as an adhered veneer to exterior and interior walls and structures suitable to receive units.  
1.2 The property requirements of this specification apply at the time of delivery. This standard does not address the physical evaluation of installed units removed from service.  
1.3 The units described by this specification are manufactured from a mixture of cement, normal or lightweight aggregates (or a combination of both), water, admixtures, other cementitious materials and other components which are wet-cast into shapes simulating the appearance of natural stone and other textures.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.5 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: When particular features are desired such as surface textures or color these features should be specified separately. Suppliers should be consulted as to the availability of units having the desired features.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.