ASTM D2278-02
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Field Evaluation of Wood Preservatives in Round Post-Size Specimens
Standard Test Method for Field Evaluation of Wood Preservatives in Round Post-Size Specimens
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the relative effectiveness of wood preservatives in round posts set in the ground in field plots. Two tests are described, one for small (3 to 5 in. (80 to 130 mm) in diameter) sapwood posts which is the preferred test if major interest lies in testing the preservative when fairly evenly distributed throughout the piece, and the second for large posts (7 to 10 in. (180 to 250 mm) in diameter) which is preferred when the preservative is tested under conditions of gradient retention and distribution normally encountered in commercial operations.
1.2 The requirements for preparation of the material for testing and the test procedures appear as follows:SectionTest Plot4Test Specimens5Treatment Procedure6After-Treatment Handling of Posts7Installation of Posts8Inspection of Specimens9Evaluation of Results10Reports11
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI equivalents of inch-pound units may be approximate.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:D2278–02
Standard Test Method for
Field Evaluation of Wood Preservatives in Round Post-Size
1
Specimens
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2278; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D 1760 Specification for Pressure Treatment of Timber
2
Products
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the relative
effectiveness of wood preservatives in round posts set in the
3. Summary of Test Method
ground in field plots. Two tests are described, one for small (3
3.1 Commercial-size round wood posts are impregnated
to 5 in. (80 to 130 mm) in diameter) sapwood posts which is
with an appropriate series of retentions of a preservative and
the preferred test if major interest lies in testing the preserva-
are handled in accordance with specified procedures prior to
tive when fairly evenly distributed throughout the piece, and
exposure in the field. They are then exposed in the ground to
the second for large posts (7 to 10 in. (180 to 250 mm) in
the action of weather, wood-destroying fungi, and insects in
diameter) which is preferred when the preservative is tested
one or more selected field plots. Periodic inspections are
under conditions of gradient retention and distribution nor-
carried out on each post to determine immediate condition and
mally encountered in commercial operations.
end of service life. The computed average service life for each
1.2 The requirements for preparation of the material for
group is used to express results at termination of the test. The
testing and the test procedures appear as follows:
general pattern of preservative performance in posts may be
Section
indicated within 5 to 10 years; however, the test of a given
Test Plot 4
Test Specimens 5
retention group of any preservative is not terminated until at
Treatment Procedure 6
least 60 % of the treated specimens have failed.
After-Treatment Handling of Posts 7
Installation of Posts 8
4. Test Plot
Inspection of Specimens 9
Evaluation of Results 10
4.1 NumberandClimaticLocation—Decaytestplotscanbe
Reports 11
established over a wider climatic range than can subterranean
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
termite test plots. When information on decay is of primary
as the standard. The SI equivalents of inch-pound units may be
importance, a plot can be established in a temperate climate
approximate.
where termite attack is not serious. When termite as well as
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
decay control is of interest, the plot shall be located in a
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
relativelywarmandmoistareawheresubterraneantermitesare
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
known to be a hazard. The choice of location is optional, but
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
theinvestigatorshallrecordwhichtypeofplotisinvolved.The
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
location of test plots within a reasonable distance of a weather
bureau station is encouraged.
2. Referenced Documents
4.2 General Requirements—The specific area selected for
2.1 ASTM Standards:
the plot shall be of essentially uniform soil character, level,
D 1413 Test Method for Wood Preservatives by Laboratory
moist but well drained land, remote from industrial contami-
2
Soil-Block Cultures
nation and large enough to accommodate all anticipated
D 1758 Test Method for Evaluating Wood Preservatives by
expansion for at least 25 years. It should be protected by fire
2
Field Tests with Stakes
lanes and should be fenced to prevent access of animals and
discourage pilferage of posts. In a plot used essentially or
exclusively for decay studies, a preliminary bioassay shall be
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D07 on Wood
made to prove that decay-producing organisms are present. If
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D07.06 on Treatments for Wood
Products.
a background of data on the area exists or if wood debris in
Current edition approved Sept. 10, 2002. Published November 2002. Originally
contact with the ground indicates suitable decay is present,
e1
published as D 2278 – 64 T. Last previous edition D 2278 – 66 (1994) .
further bioassay may be unnecessary. Otherwise a bioassay for
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.10.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D2278–02
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decay can be made as follows: strips of ⁄20 to
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