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ASTM B766-86(2008)

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Electrodeposited Coatings of Cadmium

Standard Specification for Electrodeposited Coatings of Cadmium

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the requirements for electrodeposited cadmium coatings on products of iron, steel, and other metals. Cadmium coatings are used for corrosion resistance and for corrosion prevention of the basis metal part. The as deposited coating (Type I) is useful for the lowest cost protection in a mild or noncorrosive environment where early formation of white corrosion products is not detrimental or harmful to the function of a component. The prime purpose of the supplementary chromate finishes (Types II and III) on the electroplated cadmium is to increase corrosion resistance.Electrodeposited cadmium coatings shall be classified on the basis of thickness as Class 25, 12, 8, and 5. The coating shall be essentially pure cadmium produced by electrodeposition usually from an alkaline cyanide solution. The basis metal shall be subjected to such cleaning procedures as necessary to ensure a surface satisfactory for subsequent electroplating. Cadmium shall be deposited directly on the basis metal part without an undercoat of another metal except when the part is either stainless steel or aluminum and its alloys. The plating shall be applied after all basis metal heat treatments and mechanical operations. The thickness of the coating everywhere on the significant surface shall conform to the requirements of the specified class. The cadmium coating shall be sufficiently adherent to the basis metal to pass the tests. The supplementary Type II chromate film shall be adherent, nonpowdery, and abrasion resistant. The thickness of electrodeposited cadmium coatings shall be determined by the applicable test methods.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for electrodeposited cadmium coatings on products of iron, steel, and other metals.
Note 1—Cadmium is deposited as a coating principally on iron and steel products. It can also be electrodeposited on aluminum, brass, beryllium copper, copper, nickel, and powder metallurgy parts.  
1.2 The coating is provided in various thicknesses up to and including 25 μm either as electrodeposited or with supplementary finishes.
1.3 Cadmium coatings are used for corrosion resistance and for corrosion prevention of the basis metal part. The as-deposited coating (Type I) is useful for the lowest cost protection in a mild or noncorrosive environment where early formation of white corrosion products is not detrimental or harmful to the function of a component. The prime purpose of the supplementary chromate finishes (Types II and III) on the electroplated cadmium is to increase corrosion resistance. Chromating will retard or prevent the formation of white corrosion products on surfaces exposed to various environmental conditions as well as delay the appearance of corrosion from the basis metal.
1.4 Cadmium plating is used to minimize bi-metallic corrosion between high-strength steel fasteners and aluminum in the aerospace industry. Undercutting of threads on fastener parts is not necessary as the cadmium coating has a low coefficient of friction that reduces the tightening torque required and allows repetitive dismantling.
1.5 Cadmium-coated parts can easily be soldered without the use of corrosive fluxes. Cadmium-coated steel parts have a lower electrical contact resistance than zinc-coated steel. The lubricity of cadmium plating is used on springs for doors and latches and for weaving machinery operating in high humidity. Corrosion products formed on cadmium are tightly adherent. Unlike zinc, cadmium does not build up voluminous corrosion products on the surface. This allows for proper functioning during corrosive exposure of moving parts, threaded assemblies, valves, and delicate mechanisms without jamming with debris.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Jul-2008
ICS
25.220.40 - Metallic coatings
Technical Committee
B08 - Metallic and Inorganic Coatings
Drafting Committee
B08.06 - Soft Metals
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM B766-86(2003) - Standard Specification for Electrodeposited Coatings of Cadmium
Effective Date
01-Aug-2008
Referred By
ASTM A194/A194M-23 - Standard Specification for Carbon Steel, Alloy Steel, and Stainless Steel Nuts for Bolts for High Pressure or High Temperature Service, or Both
Effective Date
01-Aug-2008
Referred By
ASTM A193/A193M-23 - Standard Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting for High Temperature or High Pressure Service and Other Special Purpose Applications
Effective Date
01-Aug-2008
Referred By
ASTM F1113-87(2017) - Standard Test Method for Electrochemical Measurement of Diffusible Hydrogen in Steels (Barnacle Electrode)
Effective Date
01-Aug-2008
Referred By
ASTM E2112-23 - Standard Practice for Installation of Exterior Windows, Doors and Skylights
Effective Date
01-Aug-2008
Referred By
ASTM F1387-23 - Standard Specification for Performance of Piping and Tubing Mechanically Attached Fittings
Effective Date
01-Aug-2008

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ASTM B766-86(2008) - Standard Specification for Electrodeposited Coatings of CadmiumASTM B766-86(2008) - Standard Specification for Electrodeposited Coatings of Cadmium
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ASTM B766-86(2008) - Standard Specification for Electrodeposited Coatings of Cadmium
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:B766 −86(Reapproved 2008)
Standard Specification for
1
Electrodeposited Coatings of Cadmium
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B766; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope products on the surface. This allows for proper functioning
during corrosive exposure of moving parts, threaded
1.1 Thisspecificationcoverstherequirementsforelectrode-
assemblies, valves, and delicate mechanisms without jamming
posited cadmium coatings on products of iron, steel, and other
with debris.
metals.
NOTE 1—Cadmium is deposited as a coating principally on iron and 2. Referenced Documents
steel products. It can also be electrodeposited on aluminum, brass,
2.1 Thefollowingstandardsformapartofthisdocumentto
beryllium copper, copper, nickel, and powder metallurgy parts.
the extent referenced herein.
1.2 Thecoatingisprovidedinvariousthicknessesuptoand
2
2.2 ASTM Standards:
including 25 µm either as electrodeposited or with supplemen-
A165Specification for Electrodeposited Coatings of Cad-
tary finishes.
3
mium on Steel (Withdrawn 1987)
1.3 Cadmiumcoatingsareusedforcorrosionresistanceand
B117Practice for Operating Salt Spray (Fog) Apparatus
for corrosion prevention of the basis metal part. The as-
B183Practice for Preparation of Low-Carbon Steel for
deposited coating (Type I) is useful for the lowest cost
Electroplating
protection in a mild or noncorrosive environment where early
B201Practice for Testing Chromate Coatings on Zinc and
formation of white corrosion products is not detrimental or
Cadmium Surfaces
harmful to the function of a component. The prime purpose of
B242Guide for Preparation of High-Carbon Steel for Elec-
the supplementary chromate finishes (Types II and III) on the
troplating
electroplated cadmium is to increase corrosion resistance.
B253Guide for Preparation of Aluminum Alloys for Elec-
Chromating will retard or prevent the formation of white
troplating
corrosionproductsonsurfacesexposedtovariousenvironmen-
B254Practice for Preparation of and Electroplating on
talconditionsaswellasdelaytheappearanceofcorrosionfrom
Stainless Steel
the basis metal.
B281Practice for Preparation of Copper and Copper-Base
1.4 Cadmium plating is used to minimize bi-metallic corro-
Alloys for Electroplating and Conversion Coatings
sionbetweenhigh-strengthsteelfastenersandaluminuminthe
B320Practice for Preparation of Iron Castings for Electro-
aerospaceindustry.Undercuttingofthreadsonfastenerpartsis
plating
not necessary as the cadmium coating has a low coefficient of
B322Guide for Cleaning Metals Prior to Electroplating
friction that reduces the tightening torque required and allows
B343Practice for Preparation of Nickel for Electroplating
repetitive dismantling.
with Nickel
B374Terminology Relating to Electroplating
1.5 Cadmium-coated parts can easily be soldered without
B487Test Method for Measurement of Metal and Oxide
the use of corrosive fluxes. Cadmium-coated steel parts have a
Coating Thickness by Microscopical Examination of
lower electrical contact resistance than zinc-coated steel. The
Cross Section
lubricity of cadmium plating is used on springs for doors and
B499Test Method for Measurement of CoatingThicknesses
latchesandforweavingmachineryoperatinginhighhumidity.
by the Magnetic Method: Nonmagnetic Coatings on
Corrosion products formed on cadmium are tightly adherent.
Magnetic Basis Metals
Unlike zinc, cadmium does not build up voluminous corrosion
1 2
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B08 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Metallic and Inorganic Coatingsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
B08.06 on Soft Metals. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2008. Published September 2008. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 1986. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as B766–86 (2003). The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
DOI: 10.1520/B0766-86R08. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
B766−86 (2008)
NOTE 3—It is strongly recommended that production items be pro-
B504Test Method for Measurement of Thickness of Metal-
cessed as either Type II or Type III.
lic Coatings by the Coulometric Meth
...

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Platinum  
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Ruthenium  
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This specification covers the requirements for electroplated nickel coatings applied to metal products for engineering applications (for example, for use as a buildup for mismachined or worn parts), for electronics applications (including as underplates in contacts or interconnections), and in certain joining applications. Coatings shall be available in any one of the following types: Type 1, coatings electroplated from solutions not containing hardeners, brighteners, or stress control additives; Type 2, electrodeposits used at moderate temperatures, and contain sulfur or other codeposited elements or compounds that are present to increase the hardness, refine grain structure, or control internal stress; and Type 3, electroplates containing dispersed submicron particles such as silicon carbide, tungsten carbide, and aluminum oxide that are present to increase hardness and wear resistance at specified temperatures. Metal parts shall undergo pre- and post-coating treatments to reduce the risk of hydrogen embrittlement, and peening. Coatings shall be sampled, tested, and conform accordingly to specified requirements as to appearance, thickness (measured either destructively by microscopical or coulometric method, or nondestructively by magnetic or X-ray method), adhesion (examined either by bend, file, heat and quench, or push test), porosity (assessed either by hot water, ferroxyl, or flowers of sulfur test), workmanship, and hydrogen embrittlement relief.
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1.2.1 Hardness, strength, and ductility,  
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1.2.7 Fatigue resistance.  
Note 1: Functional electroplated nickel coatings usually contain about 99 % nickel, and are most frequently electrodeposited from a Watts nickel bath or a nickel sulfamate bath. Typical mechanical properties of nickel electroplated from these baths, and the combined effect of bath operation and solution composition variables on the mechanical properties of the electrodeposit are given in Guide B832. When electroplated nickel is required to have higher hardnesses, greater wear resistance, certain residual stress values and certain leveling characteristics, sulfur and other substances are incorporated in the nickel deposit through the use of certain addition agents in the electroplating solution. For the effect of such additives, see Section 4 and Annex A3. Cobalt salts are sometimes added to the plating solution to produce harder nickel alloy deposits.  
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