ASTM C1581/C1581M-18a
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determining Age at Cracking and Induced Tensile Stress Characteristics of Mortar and Concrete under Restrained Shrinkage
Standard Test Method for Determining Age at Cracking and Induced Tensile Stress Characteristics of Mortar and Concrete under Restrained Shrinkage
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is for relative comparison of materials and is not intended to determine the age at cracking of mortar or concrete in any specific type of structure, configuration, or exposure.
5.2 This test method is applicable to mixtures with aggregates of 13-mm [0.5-in.] maximum nominal size or less.
5.3 This test method is useful for determining the relative likelihood of early-age cracking of different cementitious mixtures and for aiding in the selection of cement-based materials that are less likely to crack under retrained shrinkage. Actual cracking tendency in service depends on many variables including type of structure, degree of restraint, rate of property development, construction and curing methods, and environmental conditions.
5.4 This test method can be used to determine the relative effects of material variations on induced tensile stresses and cracking potential. These variations can include, but are not limited to, aggregate source, aggregate gradation, cement type, cement content, water content, supplementary cementing materials, or chemical admixtures.
5.5 For materials that have not cracked during the test, the rate of tensile stress development at the time the test is terminated provides a basis for comparison of the materials.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the laboratory determination of the age at cracking and induced tensile stress characteristics of mortar or concrete specimens under restrained shrinkage. The procedure can be used to determine the effects of variations in the proportions and material properties of mortar or concrete on cracking due to both drying shrinkage and deformations caused by autogenous shrinkage and heat of hydration.
1.2 This test method is not intended for expansive materials.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.(Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Relations
Buy Standard
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: C1581/C1581M − 18a
Standard Test Method for
Determining Age at Cracking and Induced Tensile Stress
Characteristics of Mortar and Concrete under Restrained
1
Shrinkage
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1581/C1581M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
3
1.1 This test method covers the laboratory determination of
2.1 ASTM Standards:
the age at cracking and induced tensile stress characteristics of
C33/C33MSpecification for Concrete Aggregates
mortar or concrete specimens under restrained shrinkage. The
C125Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Ag-
procedure can be used to determine the effects of variations in
gregates
the proportions and material properties of mortar or concrete
C138/C138MTestMethodforDensity(UnitWeight),Yield,
on cracking due to both drying shrinkage and deformations
and Air Content (Gravimetric) of Concrete
caused by autogenous shrinkage and heat of hydration.
C143/C143MTest Method for Slump of Hydraulic-Cement
Concrete
1.2 Thistestmethodisnotintendedforexpansivematerials.
C150/C150MSpecification for Portland Cement
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
C171Specification for Sheet Materials for Curing Concrete
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
C192/C192MPracticeforMakingandCuringConcreteTest
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
Specimens in the Laboratory
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
C387/C387MSpecification for Packaged, Dry, Combined
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
Materials for Concrete and High Strength Mortar
with the standard.
C595/C595MSpecification for Blended Hydraulic Cements
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the C1157/C1157MPerformance Specification for Hydraulic
Cement
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- C1437Test Method for Flow of Hydraulic Cement Mortar
F441/F441MSpecificationforChlorinatedPoly(VinylChlo-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to ride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe, Schedules 40 and 80
4
use.(Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are
2.2 ASME Standards:
caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon
B46.1Surface Texture (Surface Roughness, Waviness and
2
prolonged exposure. )
Lay)
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
3. Terminology
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.1 Definitions:
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
to Terminology C125.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on
3
Concrete and ConcreteAggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
C09.68 on Volume Change. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Current edition approved July 1, 2018. Published September 2018. Originally Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
approved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as C1581/C1581M–18. the ASTM website.
4
DOI: 10.1520/C1581_C1581M-18A. Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME
2
Section on Safety Precautions, Manual of Aggregate and Concrete Testing , International Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http://
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.02. www.asme.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C1581/C1581M − 18a
3.2.1 age at cracking, n—the age of each test specimen, 6. Apparatus
measured from the time of casting, when a sudden decrease in
6.1 Steel Ring—Structuralsteelpipewithawallthicknessof
strain occurs.
13 6 1 mm [0.50 6 0.05 in.], an outside diameter of 330 6
3.2.2 elapsed time, n—thedifferencebetweeneachrecorded
3m
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C1581/C1581M − 18 C1581/C1581M − 18a
Standard Test Method for
Determining Age at Cracking and Induced Tensile Stress
Characteristics of Mortar and Concrete under Restrained
1
Shrinkage
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1581/C1581M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the laboratory determination of the age at cracking and induced tensile stress characteristics of
mortar or concrete specimens under restrained shrinkage. The procedure can be used to determine the effects of variations in the
proportions and material properties of mortar or concrete on cracking due to both drying shrinkage and deformations caused by
autogenous shrinkage and heat of hydration.
1.2 This test method is not intended for expansive materials.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.(Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns
2
to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure. )
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C33/C33M Specification for Concrete Aggregates
C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
C138/C138M Test Method for Density (Unit Weight), Yield, and Air Content (Gravimetric) of Concrete
C143/C143M Test Method for Slump of Hydraulic-Cement Concrete
C150/C150M Specification for Portland Cement
C171 Specification for Sheet Materials for Curing Concrete
C192/C192M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Laboratory
C387/C387M Specification for Packaged, Dry, Combined Materials for Concrete and High Strength Mortar
C595/C595M Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements
C1157/C1157M Performance Specification for Hydraulic Cement
C1437 Test Method for Flow of Hydraulic Cement Mortar
F441/F441M Specification for Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe, Schedules 40 and 80
4
2.2 ASME Standards:
B 46.1 Surface Texture (Surface Roughness, Waviness and Lay)
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on Concrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.68 on
Volume Change.
Current edition approved Feb. 15, 2018July 1, 2018. Published March 2018September 2018. Originally approved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 20162018
as C1581/C1581M – 16.C1581/C1581M – 18. DOI: 10.1520/C1581_C1581M-18.10.1520/C1581_C1581M-18A.
2
Section on Safety Precautions, Manual of Aggregate and Concrete Testing , Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.02.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
4
Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME International Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http://
www.asme.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C1581/C1581M − 18a
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer to Terminology C125.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 age at cracking, n—the age of each test specimen, measured from the time
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.