ASTM D5-97
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Penetration of Bituminous Materials
Standard Test Method for Penetration of Bituminous Materials
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the penetration of semi-solid and solid bituminous materials.
1.2 The needles, containers and other conditions described in this test method provide for the determinations of penetrations up to 500.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:D5–97
Standard Test Method for
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Penetration of Bituminous Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
TABLE 1 Precision Criteria
1. Scope
Standard
1.1 Thistestmethodcoversdeterminationofthepenetration
Acceptable
Deviation or
Range of Two
of semi-solid and solid bituminous materials.
Material Coefficient of
Test Results
1.2 The needles, containers and other conditions described Variation (Is) or
(d2s) or (d2s %)
(Is %)
in this test method provide for the determinations of penetra-
Single-operator precision:
tions up to 500.
Asphalts at 77°F (25°C) below 50 0.35 1
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be considered
penetration, units
standard.
Asphalts at 77°F (25°C) 60 penetration 1.4 4
and above, percent of their mean
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
A
Tar pitches at 77°F (25°C) percent of 5.2 15
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
their mean
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- Multilaboratory precision:
Asphalts at 77°F (25°C) below 50 1.4 4
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
penetration, units
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Asphalts at 77°F (25°C) 60 penetration 3.8 11
and above, percent of their mean
A
2. Referenced Documents
Tar pitches at 77°F (25°C), units 1.4 4
A
Estimates of precision for tar pitches are based on results from 2 pitches with
2.1 ASTM Standards:
penetration of 7 and 24. Estimates may not be applicable to appreciably harder or
C 670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements
softer materials.
2
for Test Methods for Construction Materials
D 36 Test Method for Softening Point of Bitumen (Ring-
3.1.1 penetration, n—consistency of a bituminous material
3
and-Ball Apparatus)
expressed as the distance in tenths of a millimeter that a
4
E 1 Specification for ASTM Thermometers
standard needle vertically penetrates a sample of the material
E 77 Test Method for Inspection andVerification of Liquid-
under known conditions of loading, time, and temperature.
4
in-Glass Thermometers
4. Summary of Test Method
2.2 ANSI Standard:
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B46.1 Surface Texture
4.1 The sample is melted and cooled under controlled
2.3 ISO Standard:
conditions. The penetration is measured with a penetrometer
ISO Standard 468 Surface Roughness—Parameters, Their
by means of which a standard needle is applied to the sample
5
Values and General Rules for Specifying Requirements
under specific conditions.
3. Terminology
5. Significance and Use
3.1 Definitions:
5.1 The penetration test is used as a measure of consis-
tency. Higher values of penetration indicate softer consistency.
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6. Apparatus
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-4 on Road
and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.44 on
6.1 Penetration Apparatus—Any apparatus that permits the
Rheological Tests.
needle holder (spindle) to move vertically without measurable
Current edition approved Nov. 10, 1997. Published February 1998. Originally
friction and is capable of indicating the depth of penetration to
published asD5–59T. Last previous editionD5–95.
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.02.
the nearest 0.1 mm, will be acceptable. The weight of the
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.04.
spindle shall be 47.5 6 0.05 g. The total weight of the needle
4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.03.
5
and spindle assembly shall be 50.0 6 0.05 g. Weights of 50 6
Available from American National Standards Institute, 11 W. 42nd St., 13th
Floor, New York, NY 10036. 0.05 g and 100 6 0.05 g shall also be provided for total loads
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D5
of 100 g and 200 g, as required for some conditions of the test.
For penetrations below 200:
Diameter, mm 55
The surface on which the sample container rests shall be flat
Internal depth, mm 35
andtheaxisoftheplungershallbeatapproximately90°tothis
For penetrations between 200 and 350:
surface. The spindle shall be easily detached for checking its
Diameter, mm 55
Internal depth, mm 70
weight.
6.2 Penetration Needle:
6.4 Water Bath—A bath having a capacity of at least 10 L
6.2.1 The needle (see Fig. 1) shall be made from fully
andcapableofmaintainingatemperatureof25 60.1°Corany
hardened and tempered stainless steel, Grade 440-C or equa
...
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