ASTM D1243-14
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Dilute Solution Viscosity of Vinyl Chloride Polymers
Standard Test Method for Dilute Solution Viscosity of Vinyl Chloride Polymers
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Dilute solution viscosity values for vinyl chloride polymers are related to the average molecular size of that portion of the polymer that dissolves in the solvent.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the dilute solution viscosity of vinyl chloride polymers in cyclohexanone. The viscosity is expressed in terms of inherent viscosity (logarithmic viscosity number). The test method is limited to those materials that give clear, uniform solutions at the test dilution.
Note 1: Other expressions for viscosity may be used as described in the Appendix, but any change from the test method as specified shall be stated in the report.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 2: This standard and ISO 1628-2 address the same subject matter, but differ in technical content.
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Designation: D1243 − 14
StandardTest Method for
1
Dilute Solution Viscosity of Vinyl Chloride Polymers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1243; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* eters with Low-Hazard Precision Liquids
2.2 ISO Standard:
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the dilute
ISO 1628-2 Determination of Viscosity Number and Limit-
solution viscosity of vinyl chloride polymers in cyclo-
ing Viscosity Number—Part 2: Poly(Vinyl Chloride) Res-
hexanone. The viscosity is expressed in terms of inherent
3
ins
viscosity (logarithmic viscosity number). The test method is
2.3 National Institute of Standards and Technology Circu-
limited to those materials that give clear, uniform solutions at
4
lar:
the test dilution.
C-434 Testing of Glass Volumetric Apparatus
NOTE 1—Other expressions for viscosity may be used as described in
the Appendix, but any change from the test method as specified shall be
3. Terminology
stated in the report.
3.1 Definitions—Definitions are in accordance with Termi-
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
nology D883 and Terminology D1600, unless otherwise indi-
standard.
cated.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4. Summary of Test Method
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.1 Asampleofresinisdissolvedincyclohexanonetomake
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
a solution of specified concentration. Inherent viscosity (loga-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
rithmicviscositynumber)iscalculatedfromthemeasuredflow
NOTE 2—This standard and ISO 1628-2 address the same subject times of the solvent and of the polymer solution.
matter, but differ in technical content.
NOTE 3—For additional information, refer to Test Method D445 and
Test Method D2857 for Dilute Solution Viscosity of Polymers.
2. Referenced Documents
2
5. Significance and Use
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
5.1 Dilute solution viscosity values for vinyl chloride poly-
and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-
mersarerelatedtotheaveragemolecularsizeofthatportionof
ity)
the polymer that dissolves in the solvent.
D446 Specifications and Operating Instructions for Glass
Capillary Kinematic Viscometers
6. Apparatus
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
6.1 Transfer Pipets.
D1600 Terminology forAbbreviatedTerms Relating to Plas-
6.2 Volumetric Flasks, 100-mL, glass-stoppered, in accor-
tics
dance with National Institute of Standards and Technology
D1755 Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) Resins
Circular C-434.
D2857 Practice for Dilute Solution Viscosity of Polymers
E2251 Specification for Liquid-in-Glass ASTM Thermom-
6.3 Viscometer, ASTM Ubbelohde Size 1 or Cannon-
Ubbelohde No. 75.
NOTE 4—ASTM Ubbelohde Size 1 is a commonly used name for a
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D20 on Plastics
specificviscometertype,whichisneithersuppliednorendorsedbyASTM
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.15 on Thermoplastic Materi-
International.
als.15.07).
NOTE 5—Operating instructions can be found in Specification D446.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2014. Published October 2014. Originally
approved in 1952. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D1243 - 95 (2008).
DOI: 10.1520/D1243-14.
2 3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
4
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100
the ASTM website. Bureau Dr., Stop 1070, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-1070, http://www.nist.gov.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D1243 − 14
NOTE 6—Keep the Ubbelohde viscometer clean when not in use.
6.4 Water Bath, set at 30.0 6 0.5°C, controlled to within 6
Acetone may be used to flush the pure solvent (Cyclohexanone) and
0.01°C.
enable subsequent drying. The viscometer may be stored filled with pure
6.4.1 The temperature of the bath medium shall not vary by
solvent or it may be stored dry.
more than 60.02°C of th
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D1243 − 95 (Reapproved 2008) D1243 − 14
Standard Test Method for
1
Dilute Solution Viscosity of Vinyl Chloride Polymers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1243; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the dilute solution viscosity of vinyl chloride polymers in cyclohexanone. The
viscosity is expressed in terms of inherent viscosity (logarithmic viscosity number). The test method is limited to those materials
that give clear, uniform solutions at the test dilution.
NOTE 1—Other expressions for viscosity may be used as described in the Appendix, but any change from the test method as specified shall be stated
in the report.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
NOTE 2—Although this test method and ISO 1628-2-1998 differ in approach or detail, data obtained by either are technically equivalent. This standard
and ISO 1628-2 address the same subject matter, but differ in technical content.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
D446 Specifications and Operating Instructions for Glass Capillary Kinematic Viscometers
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
D1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to Plastics
D1755 Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) Resins
D2857 Practice for Dilute Solution Viscosity of Polymers
E77E2251 Test Method for Inspection and Verification of ThermometersSpecification for Liquid-in-Glass ASTM Thermometers
with Low-Hazard Precision Liquids
2.2 ISO Standard:
ISO 1628-2-19981628-2 Determination of Viscosity Number and Limiting Viscosity Number—Part 2: Poly(Vinyl Chloride)
3
Resins
4
2.3 National Institute of Standards and Technology Circular:
C-434 Testing of Glass Volumetric Apparatus
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions: Definitions—Definitions are in accordance with Terminology D883 and Terminology D1600, unless otherwise
indicated.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 A sample of resin is dissolved in cyclohexanone to make a solution of specified concentration. Inherent viscosity
(logarithmic viscosity number) is calculated from the measured flow times of the solvent and of the polymer solution.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.15 on Thermoplastic
Materials.15.07).
Current edition approved March 1, 2008Oct. 1, 2014. Published April 2008October 2014. Originally approved in 1952. Last previous edition approved in 20002008 as
ε1
D1243 - 95 (2008).(2000) . DOI: 10.1520/D1243-95R08.10.1520/D1243-14.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
4
Available from National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100 Bureau Dr., Stop 1070, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-1070, http://www.nist.gov.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D1243 − 14
NOTE 3—For additional information, refer to Test Method D445 and Test Method D2857 for Dilute Solution Viscosity of Polymers.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 Dilute solution viscosity values for vinyl chloride polymers are related to the average molecular size of that portion of the
polymer that dissolves in the solvent.
6. Apparatus
6.1 Transfer Pipets.
6.2 Volumetric Flasks, 100-mL, glass-stoppered, in accordance with National Institute of Standards and Technology Circular
C-434.
6.3 Viscometer, ASTM Ubbelohde Series U-1Size 1 or Cannon-Ub
...
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