ASTM D7176-22

Standard Specification for Non-Reinforced Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Geomembranes Used in Buried Applications

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers polyvinyl chloride (PVC) flexible sheeting which is used for construction of concealed containment membranes. Examples are ponds and lakes, canals, reservoirs, landfill liners, covers and closures, or similar installations where the membrane is inaccessible once the construction is complete. Included are requirements for materials and sheeting, test methods, workmanship criteria, and methods of marking. This specification covers unreinforced flexible sheet made from polyvinyl chloride (PVC) resin as the primary polymer intended for use in geomembranes. This specification covers PVC sheet 0.25 mm through 1.5 mm thickness (0.010 in. through 0.060 in.), typically used for geomembrane linings.  
1.2 Reworked materials may be used in this product in accordance with the requirements in Section 5.  
1.3 The tests are intended to ensure quality and performance, and are not intended for design purposes. Tests have been selected to be conducted primarily with liquids that simulate the environment to which the membrane will be subjected during actual use. The test and property limits used to characterize the sheet are values intended to ensure minimum quality for the intended purpose. In-place design criteria such as material compatibility and chemical resistance, among others, are factors that shall be considered but are beyond the scope of this specification.  
1.4 The values stated in metric units are to be regarded as the standard. The values stated in parentheses (English) are for information only.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Sep-2022
• ICS: 59.080.70 - Geotextiles
• Technical Committee: D35 - Geosynthetics
• Drafting Committee: D35.06 - Geosynthetic Specifications

Relations

• Refers: ASTM D1204-14(2020) - Standard Test Method for Linear Dimensional Changes of Nonrigid Thermoplastic Sheeting or Film at Elevated Temperature
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2020

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:D7176 −22
Standard Specification for
Non-Reinforced Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Geomembranes
1
Used in Buried Applications
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7176; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
1.1 Thisspecificationcoverspolyvinylchloride(PVC)flex-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
ible sheeting which is used for construction of concealed
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
containment membranes. Examples are ponds and lakes,
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
canals,reservoirs,landfillliners,coversandclosures,orsimilar
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
installations where the membrane is inaccessible once the
construction is complete. Included are requirements for mate-
2. Referenced Documents
rials and sheeting, test methods, workmanship criteria, and
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
methods of marking. This specification covers unreinforced
D751Test Methods for Coated Fabrics
flexible sheet made from polyvinyl chloride (PVC) resin as the
D792Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Rela-
primary polymer intended for use in geomembranes. This
tive Density) of Plastics by Displacement
specification covers PVC sheet 0.25 mm through 1.5 mm
D882Test Method for Tensile Properties of Thin Plastic
thickness (0.010 in. through 0.060 in.), typically used for
Sheeting
geomembrane linings.
D1004Test Method for Tear Resistance (Graves Tear) of
1.2 Reworked materials may be used in this product in
Plastic Film and Sheeting
accordance with the requirements in Section 5.
D1203Test Methods for Volatile Loss from Plastics Using
Activated Carbon Methods
1.3 The tests are intended to ensure quality and
D1204Test Method for Linear Dimensional Changes of
performance, and are not intended for design purposes. Tests
Nonrigid Thermoplastic Sheeting or Film at Elevated
have been selected to be conducted primarily with liquids that
Temperature
simulate the environment to which the membrane will be
D1239Test Method for Resistance of Plastic Films to
subjected during actual use. The test and property limits used
Extraction by Chemicals
to characterize the sheet are values intended to ensure mini-
D1243Test Method for Dilute Solution Viscosity of Vinyl
mum quality for the intended purpose. In-place design criteria
Chloride Polymers
such as material compatibility and chemical resistance, among
D1790Test Method for Brittleness Temperature of Plastic
others, are factors that shall be considered but are beyond the
Sheeting by Impact
scope of this specification.
D4439Terminology for Geosynthetics
1.4 The values stated in metric units are to be regarded as
D5033GuideforDevelopmentofASTMStandardsRelating
the standard.The values stated in parentheses (English) are for
to Recycling and Use of Recycled Plastics (Withdrawn
information only.
3
2007)
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
D5199Test Method for Measuring the Nominal Thickness
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
of Geosynthetics
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
D5747/D5747MPractice for Tests to Evaluate the Chemical
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
Resistance of Geomembranes to Liquids
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
D8133Test Method for Determination of Low Level Phtha-
lates in Poly(Vinyl Chloride) Plastics by Solvent
1 2
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Geosynthetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.06 on Geosyn- contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
thetic Specifications. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2022. Published October 2022. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 2006. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as D7176–06 (2018). The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
DOI: 10.1520/D7176-22. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7176−
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7176 − 06 (Reapproved 2018) D7176 − 22
Standard Specification for
Non-Reinforced Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Geomembranes
1
Used in Buried Applications
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7176; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers polyvinyl chloride (PVC) flexible sheeting which is used for construction of concealed containment
membranes. Examples are ponds and lakes, canals, reservoirs, landfill liners, covers and closures, or similar installations where the
membrane is inaccessible once the construction is complete. Included are requirements for materials and sheeting, test methods,
workmanship criteria, and methods of marking. This specification covers unreinforced flexible sheet made from polyvinyl chloride
(PVC) resin as the primary polymer intended for use in geomembranes. This specification covers PVC sheet 0.25 mm through 1.5
mm thickness (0.010 in. through 0.060 in.), typically used for geomembrane linings.
1.2 Reworked materials may be used in this product in accordance with the requirements in Section 5.
1.3 The tests are intended to ensure quality and performance, and are not intended for design purposes. Tests have been selected
to be conducted primarily with liquids that simulate the environment to which the membrane will be subjected during actual use.
The test and property limits used to characterize the sheet are values intended to ensure minimum quality for the intended purpose.
In-place design criteria such as material compatibility, compatibility and chemical resistance, among others, are factors that shall
be considered but are beyond the scope of this specification.
1.4 The values stated in metric units are to be regarded as the standard. The values stated in parentheses (English) are for
information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D751 Test Methods for Coated Fabrics
D792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Relative Density) of Plastics by Displacement
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 on Geosynthetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.06 on Geosynthetic
Specifications.
Current edition approved July 1, 2018Oct. 1, 2022. Published July 2018October 2022. Originally published approved in 2006. Last previous edition approved 2011 in 2018
as D7176 – 06 (2011).(2018). DOI: 10.1520/D7176-06R18.10.1520/D7176-22.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7176 − 22
D882 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Thin Plastic Sheeting
D1004 Test Method for Tear Resistance (Graves Tear) of Plastic Film and Sheeting
D1203 Test Methods for Volatile Loss from Plastics Using Activated Carbon Methods
D1204 Test Method for Linear Dimensional Changes of Nonrigid Thermoplastic Sheeting or Film at Elevated Temperature
D1239 Test Method for Resistance of Plastic Films to Extraction by Chemicals
D1243 Test Method for Dilute Solution Viscosity of Vinyl Chloride Polymers
D1790 Test Method for Brittleness Temperature of Plastic Sheeting by Impact
D2124 Test Method for Analysis of Components in Poly(Vinyl Chloride) Compounds Using an Infrared Spectrophotometric
3
Technique (Withdrawn 2020)
D4439 Terminology for Geosynthetics
3
D5033 Guide for Development of ASTM Standards Relating to Recycling and
...