ASTM D4867/D4867M-96
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Effect of Moisture on Asphalt Concrete Paving Mixtures
Standard Test Method for Effect of Moisture on Asphalt Concrete Paving Mixtures
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers procedures for preparing and testing asphalt concrete specimens for the purpose of measuring the effect of water on the tensile strength of the paving mixture. This test method is applicable to dense mixtures such as those appearing in the Table for Composition of Bituminous Paving Mixtures in Specification D 3515. This test method can be used to evaluate the effect of moisture with or without antistripping additives including liquids and pulverulent solids such as hydrated lime or portland cement.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units in parentheses shall be regarded separately as standard. The values in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other, without combining values in any way.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D 4867/D4867M – 96
Standard Test Method for
Effect of Moisture on Asphalt Concrete Paving Mixtures
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4867/D4867M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D 3203 Test Method for Percent Air Voids in Compacted
Dense and Open Bituminous Paving Mixtures
1.1 This test method covers procedures for preparing and
D 3387 Test Method for Compaction and Shear Properties
testing asphalt concrete specimens for the purpose of measur-
of Bituminous Mixtures by Means of the U.S. Corps of
ing the effect of water on the tensile strength of the paving
Engineers Gyratory Testing Machine (GTM)
mixture. This test method is applicable to dense mixtures such
D 3496 Method for Preparation of Bituminous Mixture
as those appearing in the Table for Composition of Bituminous
Specimens for Dynamic Modulus Testing
Paving Mixtures in Specification D 3515. This test method can
D 3515 Specification for Hot-Mixed, Hot-Laid Bituminous
be used to evaluate the effect of moisture with or without
Paving Mixtures
antistripping additives including liquids and pulverulent solids
D 3549 Test Method for Thickness or Height of Compacted
such as hydrated lime or portland cement.
Bituminous Paving Mixture Specimens
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
D 3665 Practice for Random Sampling of Construction
in parentheses shall be regarded separately as standard. The
Materials
values in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore,
D 4013 Practice for Preparation of Test Specimens of Bi-
each system must be used independently of the other, without
tuminous Mixtures by Means of Gyratory Shear Compac-
combining values in any way.
tor
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
D 4123 Test Method for Indirect Tension Test for Resilient
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Modulus of Bituminous Mixtures
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3. Summary of Test Method
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1 Potential for Moisture Damage—The degree of suscep-
2. Referenced Documents tibility to moisture damage is determined by preparing a set of
laboratory-compacted specimens conforming to the job-mix
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2 formula without an additive. The specimens are compacted to
D 979 Practice for Sampling Bituminous Paving Mixtures
a void content corresponding to void levels expected in the
D 1074 Test Method for Compressive Strength of Bitumi-
2 field, usually in the 6 to 8 % range. The set is divided into two
nous Mixtures
subsets of approximately equal void content. One subset is
D 1559 Test Method for Resistance to Plastic Flow of
2 maintained dry while the other subset is partially saturated with
Bituminous Mixtures Using Marshall Apparatus
water and moisture conditioned. The tensile strength of each
D 1561 Practice for Preparation of Bituminous Mixture Test
2 subset is determined by the tensile splitting test. The potential
Specimens by Means of California Kneading Compactor
for moisture damage is indicated by the ratio of the tensile
D 2041 Test Method for Theoretical Maximum Specific
2 strength of the wet subset to that of the dry subset.
Gravity and Density of Bituminous Paving Mixtures
3.2 Additive Effect—The effect of an antistripping additive
D 2726 Test Method for Bulk Specific Gravity and Density
is determined on a set of specimens containing an additive
of Compacted Bituminous Mixtures Using Saturated
prepared and tested as described in 3.1. The effect of an
Surface-Dry Specimens
additive dosage may be estimated by repeating the tests on sets
with different additive dosages.
3.3 Plant-Produced Mixtures—The potential for moisture
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-4 on Road
and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.22 on
damage or the effectiveness of an additive in a plant-produced
Effect of Water and Other Elements on Bituminous Coated Aggregates.
mixture is determined on specimens that are laboratory com-
Current edition approved July 10, 1996. Published September 1996. Originally
pacted to expected field-level void content, divided into wet
published as D 4867 – 88. Last previous edition D 4867 – 92.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.03. and dry subsets, and evaluated as described in 3.2.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D 4867/D4867M – 96
4. Significance and Use 6.5 When using a pulverulent solid antistripping additive ,
use the addition procedure simulating the procedure expected
4.1 This test method can be used to test asphalt concrete
in the field. Follow the procedure specified in either 6.5.1,
mixtures in conjunction with mixture design testing to deter-
6.5.2, or 6.5.3.
mine the potential for moisture damage, to determine whether
6.5.1 When dry powder is added to dry aggregate, dry,
or not an antistripping additive is effective, and to determine
batch, and heat the mineral aggregate to 150 6 6°C (300 6
what dosage of an additive is needed to maximize the effec-
10°F). Add the required quantity of additive to the aggregate,
tiveness. This test method can also be used to test mixtures
and thoroughly mix the entire mass until a uniform distribution
produced in plants to determine the effectiveness of additives
of additive is achieved. Take care to minimize the loss of
under the conditions imposed in the field.
additive to the atmosphere in the form of dust. After mixing,
maintain the treated aggregate at the required mixing tempera-
5. Apparatus
ture until it is used.
5.1 To prepare and compact the specimens use apparatus
6.5.2 When dry powder is added to damp aggregate, batch
from any one of the following: Test Methods D 1074, D 1559,
the damp mineral aggregate, and adjust the moisture content of
and D 3387, Method D 3496, or Practices D 1561 and D 4013.
the combined aggregate to the expected field moisture level.
5.2 Vacuum Pump or Water Aspirator in accordance with
Add the required quantity of additive to the damp aggregate,
Test Method D 2041.
and thoroughly mix the entire mass until a uniform distribution
5.3 Manometer or Vacuum Gage in accordance with Test
of additive is achieved. Take care to minimize the loss of
Method D 2041.
additive to the atmosphere in the form of dust. After mixing,
5.4 Container, preferably Type F, of Test Method D 2041.
dry the treated aggregate, heat to the required mixing tempera-
5.5 Balance in accordance with Test Method D 2726.
ture, and maintain at that temperature until it is used.
5.6 Water Baths Three:
6.5.3 When powder slurry is used, add the required quantity
5.6.1 One waterbath in accordance with Test Method
of additive to water using the powder to water ratio expected in
D 2726.
the field. Take care to minimize the loss of additive to the
5.6.2 One bath capable of maintaining a temperature of 60
atmosphere in the form of dust. To prevent settling, continu-
6 1.0°C (140 6 1.8°F) for 24 h, and
ously mix the resulting slurry until it is used. Batch the damp
5.6.3 One bath capable of maintaining a temperature of 25 mineral aggregate, adjust the moisture content as required in
6 1.0°C (77 6 1.8°F). 6.5.2, add the required quantity of slurry, and thoroughly mix
5.7 Loading Jack and Ring Dynamometer in accordance the entire mass until a uniform distribution of slurry is
achieved. After mixing, dry the treated aggregate, heat to the
with Test Method D 1559, or a Mechanical or Hydraulic
Testing Machine capable of maintaining the required strain rate required mixing temperature, and maintain at that temperature
until used.
and measuring load with equal or better precision.
5.8 Loading Strips in accordance with Test Method 6.6 Proportion, mix, and compact specimens in accordance
D 4123. with one of the following: Test Methods D 1074, D 1559,
D 3387, Method D 3496, Practices D 1561 or D 4013, and
6.6.1 and 6.6.2. If Test Method D 1559 is used, either a manual
6. Preparation of Laboratory Test Specimens
or mechanical hammer may be used.
6.1 Make at least six specimens for each test, three to be
6.6.1 After mixing, stabilize the mixture temperature of
tested dry and three to be tested after partial saturation and
each specimen at the required compaction temperature, in a
moisture conditioning.
closed container, in an oven for 1 to 2 h. If preparing a
6.2 Use specimens 100 mm (4 in.) in diameter and 62.5 mm
multi-specimen batch, split the batch into single-specimen
(2.5 in.) high, in general, but specimens of other dimensions
quantities before placing into the oven.
may be used if desired. When using aggregate larger than 25
6.6.2 Compact the specimens to 7 6 1 % air voids, or a void
mm (1 in.), use specimens at least 150 mm (6 in.) in diameter.
level expected in the field at the time of construction. This void
6.3 Prepare mixtures in batches large enough to make at
level can be obtained by adjusting the following: the static load
least 3 specimens or, as an alternative, prepare a batch just
in double-plunger compaction; the number of blows in a
large enough for 1 specimen. If theoretical maximum specific
marshall hammer compaction; the foot pressure, number of
gravity is to be determined, use a batch large enough or prepare
tamps, leveling load, or some combination in kneading com-
a separate batch to provide a specimen for this purpose.
paction; or the number of revolutions in gyratory compaction.
6.4 When a liquid antistripping additive is used, heat a
Determine the exact procedure by trial for each mixture.
sufficient quantity of asphalt cement for one batch to 150 6
6.6.3 Cool specimens in the mold to room temperature as
6°C (300 6 10°F) in a closed 1 L (1-qt) can in an oven. Add
rapidly as possible in a stream of moving air, extract from
the required quantity of additive and immediately mix, for
molds, then follow the procedure outlined in Section 8 within
approximately 2 min, with a mechanical stirrer approximately
24 h.
25 mm (1 in.) from the bottom of the container. Maintain the
treated asphalt cement at 150 6 6°C (300 6 10°F) in the
7. Preparation of Field Specimens
closed can until it is used. Discard the treated asphalt cement if
not used the same day it is prepared, or if allo
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.