ASTM D706-98
(Specification)Standard Specification for Cellulose Acetate Molding and Extrusion Compounds
Standard Specification for Cellulose Acetate Molding and Extrusion Compounds
SCOPE
1.1 This classification covers plasticized cellulose acetate thermoplastic compounds suitable for injection molding and extrusion. It does not include materials compounded for special application. Recycled plastics based on cellulose acetate are not covered in this classification.
1.2 The properties included in this classification are those required to identify the compositions covered. There may be other requirements necessary to identify particular characteristics important to specialized applications. These may be specified by using the suffixes as given in Section 5.
1.3 This classification system and subsequent line callout (specification) are intended to provide a means of calling out plastic materials used in the fabrication of end items or parts. It is not intended for the selection of materials. Material selection should be made by those having expertise in the plastic field after careful consideration of the design and the performance required of the part, the environment to which it will be exposed, the fabrication process to be employed, the costs involved, abd the inherent properties of the material other than those covered by this classification.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.5 The following precautionary statement pertains only to the test method portion of this classification, Section 11. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D 706 – 98
Standard Specification for
Cellulose Acetate Molding and Extrusion Compounds
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 706; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D 256 Test Method for Determining the Pendulum Impact
Resistance of Notched Specimens of Plastics
1.1 This specification covers requirements for cellulose
D 570 Test Method for Water Absorption of Plastics
acetate thermoplastic compounds plasticized with either di-
D 618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics and Electrical
ethyl phthalate or dimethyl phthalate and are suitable for
Insulating Materials for Testing
injection molding and extrusion. These compounds have an
D 635 Test Method for Rate of Burning and/or Extent and
acetyl content between 39 and 40 %. It does not include
Time of Burning of Self-Supporting Plastics in a Horizon-
materials compounded for special application. Cellulosic plas-
tal Position
tic materials, being thermoplastic, are reprocessable and recy-
D 638M Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
clable. This specification allows for the use of those cellulosic
[Metric]
materials, provided that all specific requirements of this speci-
D 790 TestMethodsforFlexuralPropertiesofUnreinforced
fication are met.
and Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materi-
1.2 The properties included in this specification are those
als
required to identify the compositions covered. There may be
D 792 TestMethodsforDensityandSpecificGravity(Rela-
other requirements necessary to identify particular character-
tive Density) of Plastics by Displacement
istics important to specialized applications. These may be
D 883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
specified by using the suffixes as given in Section 5.
D 1003 Test Method for Haze and Luminous Transmittance
1.3 This classification system and subsequent line call out
of Transparent Plastics
(specification) are intended to provide a means of calling out
D 1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to
plastic materials used in the fabrication of end items or parts.
Plastics
It is not intended for the selection of materials. Material
D 1729 Practice for Visual Evaluation of Color Differences
selection should be made by those having expertise in the
of Opaque Materials
plastic field after careful consideration of the design and
D 1898 Practice for Sampling of Plastics
performance required of the part, environment to which it will
D 3641 Practice for Injection Molding Test Specimens of
be exposed, fabrication process to be employed, costs in-
Thermoplastic Molding and Extrusion Materials
volved, and inherent properties of the material other than those
D 3892 Practice for Packaging/Packing of Plastics
covered by this classification system.
D 4000 Classification System for Specifying Plastic Mate-
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
rials
standard.
D 5033 GuidefortheDevelopmentofStandardsRelatingto
1.5 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the
the Proper Use of Recycled Plastics
test method portion, Section 11, of this specification. This
E 308 Practice for Computing the Colors of Objects by
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
Using the CIE System
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health
3. Terminology
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-
3.1 Definitions—The terminology used in this specification
tions prior to use.
is in accordance with Terminologies D 883 and D 1600.
NOTE 1—There is no equivalent or similar ISO standard.
4. Classification
2. Referenced Documents
4.1 This specification covers the following groups, classes,
2.1 ASTM Standards:
and grades (see Table CA):
1 2
This specification is under the jurisdiction of Committee D-20 on Plastics and Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01.
is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.15 on Thermoplastic Materials. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.01.
Current edition approved July 10, 1998. Published March 1999. Originally Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.02.
published as D 706 – 43 T. Last previous edition D 706 – 96. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.03.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D 706
Water absorption: 4.7 % max.
4.1.1 Group 1—High impact strength, diethyl phthalate
Weight loss on heating: 10.0 % max.
plasticizer.
4.1.2 Group 2—High tensile strength, diethyl phthalate
6. Materials and Manufacture
plasticizer.
6.1 Materials supplied shall be as uniform in composition
4.1.3 Group 3—High impact strength, dimethyl phthalate
and size, and as free of contamination, as can be achieved by
plasticizer.
good manufacturing practice.
4.1.4 Group 4—High tensile strength, dimethyl phthalate
6.2 These materials may contain colorants in the nominal
plasticizer.
amounts ordinarily employed, but such additives shall not alter
4.1.5 Class—According to plasticizer content and proper-
the ability of the materials to meet the specified properties.
ties specified in Table CA.
6.3 The color of material supplied shall be comparable,
4.1.6 Grade 1—For injection molding (general purpose).
within commercial match tolerances, to the color of standard
4.1.7 Grade 2—For extrusion (see requirements in 6.4).
samples prepared by the manufacturer.
6.4 Grade 2 materials shall be verified by the manufacturer
5. Suffixes
to be of extrusion quality.
5.1 When requirements are needed that are not covered in
Table CA, they shall be indicated through the use of suffixes.
7. Physical Requirements
5.2 A list of suffixes can be found in Classification System
7.1 Test specimens of the material shall conform to the
D 4000 (Table 3) and may be used for additional requirements
requirements prescribed in Table CA.
as appropriate. Additional suffixes will be added to that
7.2 Molded specimens, for those tests requiring them, shall
classification system as test methods and requirements are
be prepared in accordance with Section 10.
developed and requested.
7.3 Conformance to the requirements of this specification
5.3 Color and opacity shall be within the limits defined in
shall be determined in accordance with Section 11.
6.3.
5.4 Commonly used suffixes for cellulose acetate are shown
8. Sampling
as follows:
8.1 The material shall be sampled in accordance with
F = flammability requirements as designated by the follow-
Sections 9 to 12 of Practice D 1898. Adequate statistical
ing digits:
sampling prior to packaging shall be considered an acceptable
First Digit
alternative.
1 = rate of burning—Test Method D 635, specimen size:
8.2 Forsamplingpurposes,abatchorlotshallbeconsidered
125 mm long by 12.7 wide by 3.2 mm thick.
aunitofmanufactureaspreparedforshipmentandmayconsist
Second Digit
of a blend of two or more production runs of material.
1 = burn rate 5 cm/min, max.
T = transmittance requirements as designed designated by
9. Number of Tests
the following digits:
9.1 Routine testing of each batch or lot shall be limited to
First Digit
properties designated in Table CA of this specification.
1 = total luminous transmittance determined in accor-
9.2 One set of samples for those tests that are designated
dance with Procedure A of Test Method D 1003.
(Section 12) shall be considered sufficient for testing the batch
Second Digit
or lot. The average results from those samples shall comply
1 = total transmittance, 80 % min.
with the requirements prescribed in this specification.
5.5 An example of this classification system for a high-
9.3 If any failure occurs, the materials may not be certified
impact cellulose acetate formulation would be as follows:
to this specification.
CA0122F11 (1)
10. Specimen Preparation
10.1 Physical property requirements in Table CA are based
CA = Table CA Property Requirements.
on injection molded specimens 3.2 mm thick. Specimens
01 = Group 01—High Impact Strength, diethyl phthalate
machined from compression-molded blanks or extruded strips
plasticizer.
may be used, provided it can be shown that the results are
2 = Class 2—Plasticizer Range from 35 to 40 % (see
comparable.
Table CA, Footnote 1).
10.2 Prior to molding cellulose acetate, dry the material to a
2 = Grade 2—Extrusion Application.
moisture content of 0.2 % or less. The primary reason for
F11 = Flammability requirement—Burn rate maximum of
drying the material is to eliminate visual defects such as
5 cm/min when tested in accordance with Test
surface imperfections and bubbles. Material spread in a tray to
Method D 635
a maximum depth of 50 mm and exposed in a circulating-air
NOTE 2—CA0122 corresponds to the following physical property
oven at 75 to 90°C for 3 h should be satisfactory. Formulations
requirements in Table CA:
containing either very low or very high levels of plasticizer
Specific gravity: 1.25-1.28.
may require slightly higher or lower drying temperatures
Tensile stress at yield: 18 MPa min.
respectively. Control the injection molding cycles in accor-
Flexural modulus: 930 MPa min.
Izod impact strength: 200 J/m min. dance with Practice D 3641, using a melt temperature 25 to
D 706
D 638, Type I tensile bar will give comparable results and can be used if
35°C above the “cold point.” (The “cold point” is the lowest
the primary specimen type is not available. Weigh three specimens and
melt temperature at which it is possible to obtain a full shot
place them in a circulating-air oven for 72 h at 82 6 2°C. Support the
when all other operati
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