ASTM C1455-07
(Guide)Standard Test Method for Nondestructive Assay of Special Nuclear Material Holdup Using Gamma-Ray Spectroscopic Methods
Standard Test Method for Nondestructive Assay of Special Nuclear Material Holdup Using Gamma-Ray Spectroscopic Methods
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes gamma-ray methods used to nondestructively measure the quantity of 235U, or 239Pu remaining as holdup in nuclear facilities. Holdup occurs in all facilities where nuclear material is processed, in process equipment, in exhaust ventilation systems and in building walls and floors.
1.2 This test method includes information useful for management, planning, selection of equipment, consideration of interferences, measurement program definition, and the utilization of resources (1, 2, 3, 4).
1.3 The measurement of nuclear material hold up in process equipment requires a scientific knowledge of radiation sources and detectors, transmission of radiation, calibration, facility operations and error analysis. It is subject to the constraints of the facility, management, budget, and schedule; plus health and safety requirements; as well as the laws of physics. The measurement process includes defining measurement uncertainties and is sensitive to the form and distribution of the material, various backgrounds, and interferences. The work includes investigation of material distributions within a facility, which could include potentially large holdup surface areas. Nuclear material held up in pipes, ductwork, gloveboxes, and heavy equipment, is usually distributed in a diffuse and irregular manner. It is difficult to define the measurement geometry, to identify the form of the material, and to measure it without interference from adjacent sources of radiation.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: C1455 − 07
StandardTest Method for
Nondestructive Assay of Special Nuclear Material Holdup
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Using Gamma-Ray Spectroscopic Methods
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1455; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
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2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This test method describes gamma-ray methods used to
235 239
C1009 Guide for Establishing a QualityAssurance Program
nondestructively measure the quantity of U, or Pu re-
forAnalytical Chemistry Laboratories Within the Nuclear
maining as holdup in nuclear facilities. Holdup occurs in all
Industry
facilities where nuclear material is processed, in process
C1490 GuidefortheSelection,TrainingandQualificationof
equipment,inexhaustventilationsystemsandinbuildingwalls
Nondestructive Assay (NDA) Personnel
and floors.
C1673 Terminology of C26.10 NondestructiveAssay Meth-
1.2 This test method includes information useful for
ods
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management, planning, selection of equipment, consideration
2.2 ANSI Standards:
of interferences, measurement program definition, and the
ANSI N15.20 Guide to Calibrating Nondestructive Assay
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utilization of resources (1, 2, 3, 4).
Systems
2.3 U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Regulatory
1.3 The measurement of nuclear material hold up in process
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Guides:
equipment requires a scientific knowledge of radiation sources
Regulatory Guide 5.23, In SituAssay of Plutonium Residual
and detectors, transmission of radiation, calibration, facility
Holdup
operations and error analysis. It is subject to the constraints of
thefacility,management,budget,andschedule;plushealthand
3. Terminology
safety requirements; as well as the laws of physics. The
measurement process includes defining measurement uncer- 3.1 Refer to Terminology C1673 for definitions used in this
tainties and is sensitive to the form and distribution of the
test method.
material, various backgrounds, and interferences. The work
4. Summary of Test Method
includesinvestigationofmaterialdistributionswithinafacility,
which could include potentially large holdup surface areas.
4.1 Introduction—Holdup measurements range from the
Nuclear material held up in pipes, ductwork, gloveboxes, and
solitary assay of a single item to routine measurement of a
heavy equipment, is usually distributed in a diffuse and
piece of equipment, to an extensive campaign of determining
irregular manner. It is difficult to define the measurement
the total SNM in-process inventory for a processing plant.
geometry, to identify the form of the material, and to measure
Holdup measurements differ from other nondestructive mea-
it without interference from adjacent sources of radiation.
surement methods in that the assays are performed in situ on
equipment or items instead of on multiple items with similar
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
characteristics measured in a specialized, isolated room. Often
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
the chemical form and geometric distribution of the SNM are
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
not well known. These challenges require unique preparation
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
for every measurement to obtain a quality result but unknowns
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
can lead to large measurement uncertainties.
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This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C26 on Nuclear For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Fuel Cycle and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C26.10 on Non contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Destructive Assay. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2007.PublishedJuly2007.Originallyapproved the ASTM website.
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in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as C1455 – 00. DOI: 10.1520/ Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
C1455-07. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
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The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end of Available from the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, DC,
this standard. 20555.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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C1455 − 07
4.2 Definition of Requirements—Definition of the holdup background. As appropriate, corrections are made for finite
measurement requirements should
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