ASTM F392/F392M-21
(Practice)Standard Practice for Conditioning Flexible Barrier Materials for Flex Durability
Standard Practice for Conditioning Flexible Barrier Materials for Flex Durability
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice is valuable in determining the resistance of flexible packaging materials to flex-formed pinhole failures. Conditioning levels A, B, or C are typically used. Reference Practice E171 and Guide F2097.
5.2 Conditioning D and E are typically used for determining the effect of flexing on barrier properties transmission rates related to gas and/or moisture.
5.3 This practice does not measure or condition materials for abrasion related to flex failure.
5.4 Failures in the integrity of one or more of the plies of a multi-ply structure may require alternative testing. Supplementary permeation testing using gas or water vapor can be used in conjunction with the flex test to measure the loss of ply integrity. Other test methods may be used after flexing for assessment of presence of pinholes. For a list of test methods, refer to Guide F2097.
FIG. 1 Planar Evolution of Gelbo Shaft Helical Groove 30.70-mm [1.20-in.] Diameter Shaft
5.4.1 The various conditions described in this practice are to prevent evaluating a material structure with an outcome of too many holes to effectively count (normally greater than 50), or too few to be significant (normally less than five per sample). Material structure, testing basis, and a mutual agreement with specified objectives are to be considered in the selection of conditioning level for testing.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers conditioning of flexible barrier materials for the determination of flex resistance. Subsequent testing can be performed to determine the effects of flexing on material properties. These tests are beyond the scope of this practice.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Relations
Buy Standard
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F392/F392M − 21
Standard Practice for
1
Conditioning Flexible Barrier Materials for Flex Durability
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F392/F392M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.1 Discussion—The use of the term “pin” provides the
relative size reference as in a small hole made with or as if with
1.1 This practice covers conditioning of flexible barrier
a pin.
materials for the determination of flex resistance. Subsequent
testing can be performed to determine the effects of flexing on
4. Summary of Practice
material properties. These tests are beyond the scope of this
practice.
4.1 Specimens of flexible materials are flexed at standard
atmospheric conditions defined in Practice E171, unless other-
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
wise specified. Flexing conditions, number of cycles, and
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
severity of flexing strokes vary with the type of material
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
structure being tested. Except for condition E, the flexing
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
condition consists of a twisting motion followed, in conditions
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
A to D, by a horizontal motion, thus, repeatedly twisting and
with the standard.
crushing the film. The frequency is at a rate of 45 cycles per
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
minute (cpm).
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.2 Flex failure is determined by measuring the effect of the
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
tested flex conditioning on the barrier and/or mechanical
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
performance of the structure. The property to be evaluated
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
determines the appropriate conditioning level.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
4.3 The various flex conditioning levels are summarized as
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
follows:
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
4.3.1 Condition A—Full flex for 1 h (that is, 2700 cycles).
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
4.3.2 ConditionB—Full flex for 20 min (that is, 900 cycles).
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
4.3.3 Condition C—Full flex for 6 min (that is, 270 cycles).
2. Referenced Documents
4.3.4 Condition D—Full flex for 20 cycles.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.3.5 Condition E—Partial flex for 20 cycles.
E171 Practice for Conditioning and Testing Flexible Barrier
Packaging
5. Significance and Use
F2097 Guide for Design and Evaluation of Primary Flexible
5.1 This practice is valuable in determining the resistance of
Packaging for Medical Products
flexible packaging materials to flex-formed pinhole failures.
3. Terminology Conditioning levels A, B, or C are typically used. Reference
Practice E171 and Guide F2097.
3.1 pinhole, n—a small opening of non-specific shape or
dimension that passes completely through all layers of a
5.2 Conditioning D and E are typically used for determining
flexible material.
the effect of flexing on barrier properties transmission rates
related to gas and/or moisture.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F02 on Primary
5.3 This practice does not measure or condition materials
Barrier Packaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F02.50 on
Package Design and Development.
for abrasion related to flex failure.
Current edition approved May 1, 2021. Published April 2022. Originally
5.4 Failures in the integrity of one or more of the plies of a
approved in 1974. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as F392/F392M – 11
(2015). DOI: 10.1520F0392_F0392M-21.
multi-ply structure may require alternative testing. Supplemen-
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
tary permeation testing using gas or water vapor can be used in
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
conjunction with the flex test to measure the loss of ply
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. integrity. Other test methods may be used after flexing for
Copyright © ASTM Int
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F392/F392M − 11 (Reapproved 2015) F392/F392M − 21
Standard Practice for
1
Conditioning Flexible Barrier Materials for Flex Durability
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F392/F392M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers conditioning of flexible barrier materials for the determination of flex resistance. Subsequent testing can
be performed to determine the effects of flexing on material properties. These tests are beyond the scope of this practice.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E171 Practice for Conditioning and Testing Flexible Barrier Packaging
F2097 Guide for Design and Evaluation of Primary Flexible Packaging for Medical Products
3. Terminology
3.1 pinhole, n—a small opening of non-specific shape or dimension that passes completely through all layers of a flexible material.
3.1.1 Discussion—
The use of the term “pin” provides the relative size reference as in a small hole made with or as if with a pin.
4. Summary of Practice
4.1 Specimens of flexible materials are flexed at standard atmospheric conditions defined in SpecificationPractice E171, unless
otherwise specified. Flexing conditions and number conditions, number of cycles, and severity of flexing strokes vary with the type
of material structure being tested. The flexing actionExcept for condition E, the flexing condition consists of a twisting motion
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F02 on FlexiblePrimary Barrier Packaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F02.50 on Package
Design and Development.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2015May 1, 2021. Published October 2015April 2022. Originally approved in 1974. Last previous edition approved in 20112015 as
F392/F392MF392/F392M – 11 (2015). -11. DOI: 10.1520F0392_F0392M-11R15.10.1520F0392_F0392M-21.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F392/F392M − 21
followed, in most cases, conditions A to D, by a horizontal motion, thus, repeatedly twisting and crushing the film. The frequency
is at a rate of 45 cycles per minute (cpm.)(cpm).
4.2 Flex failure is determined by measuring the effect of the tested flex conditioning on the barrier and/or mechanical performance
of the structure. The property to be evaluated determines the appropriate conditioning level.
4.3 The various flex conditioning levels are summarized as follows:
4.3.1 Condition A—Full flex for 1 h (that is, 2700 cycles).
4.3.2 Condition B—Full flex for 20 min (that is, 900 cycles).
4.3.3 Condition C—Full flex for 6 min (that is, 270 cycles).
4.3.4 Condition D—Full flex for 20 cycles.
4.3.5 Condition E—Partial flex only for 20 cycles.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This practice is valuable in determining the resistance of flexible-packaging flexible packaging materials to flex-formed
pinhole failures. Conditioning levels A, B, or C are typically used for thisused. Reference Practice E171evaluation. and Guide
F2097.
5.2 This practice is valuable Co
...
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: F392/F392M − 21
Standard Practice for
1
Conditioning Flexible Barrier Materials for Flex Durability
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F392/F392M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.1 Discussion—The use of the term “pin” provides the
relative size reference as in a small hole made with or as if with
1.1 This practice covers conditioning of flexible barrier
a pin.
materials for the determination of flex resistance. Subsequent
testing can be performed to determine the effects of flexing on
4. Summary of Practice
material properties. These tests are beyond the scope of this
practice.
4.1 Specimens of flexible materials are flexed at standard
atmospheric conditions defined in Practice E171, unless other-
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
wise specified. Flexing conditions, number of cycles, and
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
severity of flexing strokes vary with the type of material
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
structure being tested. Except for condition E, the flexing
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
condition consists of a twisting motion followed, in conditions
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
A to D, by a horizontal motion, thus, repeatedly twisting and
with the standard.
crushing the film. The frequency is at a rate of 45 cycles per
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
minute (cpm).
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.2 Flex failure is determined by measuring the effect of the
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
tested flex conditioning on the barrier and/or mechanical
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
performance of the structure. The property to be evaluated
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
determines the appropriate conditioning level.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
4.3 The various flex conditioning levels are summarized as
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
follows:
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
4.3.1 Condition A—Full flex for 1 h (that is, 2700 cycles).
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
4.3.2 Condition B—Full flex for 20 min (that is, 900 cycles).
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
4.3.3 Condition C—Full flex for 6 min (that is, 270 cycles).
2. Referenced Documents
4.3.4 Condition D—Full flex for 20 cycles.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards: 4.3.5 Condition E—Partial flex for 20 cycles.
E171 Practice for Conditioning and Testing Flexible Barrier
Packaging
5. Significance and Use
F2097 Guide for Design and Evaluation of Primary Flexible
5.1 This practice is valuable in determining the resistance of
Packaging for Medical Products
flexible packaging materials to flex-formed pinhole failures.
3. Terminology Conditioning levels A, B, or C are typically used. Reference
Practice E171 and Guide F2097.
3.1 pinhole, n—a small opening of non-specific shape or
dimension that passes completely through all layers of a
5.2 Conditioning D and E are typically used for determining
flexible material.
the effect of flexing on barrier properties transmission rates
related to gas and/or moisture.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F02 on Primary
5.3 This practice does not measure or condition materials
Barrier Packaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F02.50 on
Package Design and Development. for abrasion related to flex failure.
Current edition approved May 1, 2021. Published April 2022. Originally
5.4 Failures in the integrity of one or more of the plies of a
approved in 1974. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as F392/F392M – 11
(2015). DOI: 10.1520F0392_F0392M-21.
multi-ply structure may require alternative testing. Supplemen-
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
tary permeation testing using gas or water vapor can be used in
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
conjunction with the flex test to measure the loss of ply
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. integrity. Other test methods may be used after flexing for
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page:
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.