ASTM D7313-13

Standard Test Method for Determining Fracture Energy of Asphalt-Aggregate Mixtures Using the Disk-Shaped Compact Tension Geometry

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The test method was developed for determining the fracture resistance of asphalt-aggregate mixtures. The fracture resistance can help differentiate mixtures whose service life might be compromised by cracking. The test method is generally valid for specimens that are tested at temperatures of 10°C (50°F) or below (see Note 1). The specimen geometry is readily adapted to 150 mm diameter specimens, such as fabricated from Superpave (trademark) gyratory compactors (Test Method D6925), that are used for the asphalt concrete design process. The specimen geometry can also be adapted for forensic investigations using field cores of pavements where thin lifts are present. This geometry has been found to produce satisfactory results for asphalt mixtures with nominal maximum aggregates size ranging from 4.75 to 19 mm.5Note 1—The stiffness of the asphalt binder tends to influence the assessment of a valid test as described in 7.4. For instance a soft asphalt binder, which may be required for a very cold climate might not lead to a mixture that would produce valid results at 10°C and conversely, a hard asphalt binder utilized in hot climates may require higher temperatures to provide any meaningful information.Note 2—The quality of the results produced by this test method are dependent on the competence of the personnel performing the procedure and the capability, calibration, and maintenance of the equipment used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Specification D3666 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc. Users of this test method are cautioned that compliance with Specification D3666 alone does not completely assure reliable results. Reliable results may depend on many factors; following the suggestions of Specification D3666 or some similar acceptable guidelines provides a means of evaluating and controlling some of those factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of fracture energy (Gf) of asphalt-aggregate mixtures using the disk-shaped compact tension geometry. The disk-shaped compact tension geometry is a circular specimen with a single edge notch loaded in tension. The fracture energy can be utilized as a parameter to describe the fracture resistance of asphalt concrete. The fracture energy parameter is particularly useful in the evaluation of mixtures with ductile binders, such as polymer-modified asphalt concrete, and has been shown to discriminate between these materials more broadly than the indirect tensile strength parameter (AASHTO T322, Wagoner2). The test is generally valid at temperatures of 10°C (50°F) and below, or for material and temperature combinations which produce valid material fracture, as outlined in 7.4.  
1.2 The specimen geometry and terminology (disk-shaped compact tension, DC(T)) is modeled after Test Method E399 for Plane-Strain Fracture Toughness of Metallic Materials, Appendix A6, with modifications to allow fracture testing of asphalt concrete.  
1.3 The test method describes the testing apparatus, instrumentation, specimen fabrication, and analysis procedures required to determine fracture energy of asphalt concrete and similar quasi-brittle materials.  
1.4 The text of this test method references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the test method.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Nov-2013
• ICS: 93.080.20 - Road construction materials
• Technical Committee: D04 - Road and Paving Materials
• Drafting Committee: D04.26 - Fundamental/Mechanistic Tests

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D7313 − 13
Standard Test Method for
Determining Fracture Energy of Asphalt-Aggregate Mixtures
1
Using the Disk-Shaped Compact Tension Geometry
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7313; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1.1 This test method covers the determination of fracture
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
energy (G) of asphalt-aggregate mixtures using the disk-
f
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
shaped compact tension geometry. The disk-shaped compact
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
tension geometry is a circular specimen with a single edge
notch loaded in tension. The fracture energy can be utilized as
2. Referenced Documents
a parameter to describe the fracture resistance of asphalt
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
concrete. The fracture energy parameter is particularly useful
D8 Terminology Relating to Materials for Roads and Pave-
in the evaluation of mixtures with ductile binders, such as
ments
polymer-modified asphalt concrete, and has been shown to
D3666 Specification for Minimum Requirements for Agen-
discriminate between these materials more broadly than the
cies Testing and Inspecting Road and Paving Materials
indirect tensile strength parameter (AASHTO T322, Wag-
2
D6373 Specification for Performance Graded Asphalt
oner ). The test is generally valid at temperatures of 10°C
Binder
(50°F) and below, or for material and temperature combina-
D6925 Test Method for Preparation and Determination of
tions which produce valid material fracture, as outlined in 7.4.
the Relative Density ofAsphalt Mix Specimens by Means
1.2 The specimen geometry and terminology (disk-shaped
of the Superpave Gyratory Compactor
compact tension, DC(T)) is modeled after Test Method E399
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
for Plane-Strain Fracture Toughness of Metallic Materials,
ASTM Test Methods
Appendix A6, with modifications to allow fracture testing of
E399 Test Method for Linear-Elastic Plane-Strain Fracture
asphalt concrete.
Toughness K of Metallic Materials
Ic
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
1.3 The test method describes the testing apparatus,
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
instrumentation, specimen fabrication, and analysis procedures
E1823 TerminologyRelatingtoFatigueandFractureTesting
required to determine fracture energy of asphalt concrete and
2.2 AASHTO Standard:
similar quasi-brittle materials.
AASHTO T322 Standard Method of Test for Determining
1.4 The text of this test method references notes and
the Creep Compliance and Strength of Hot Mix Asphalt
footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and
4
(HMA) Using the Indirect Tensile Test Device
footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be
considered as requirements of the test method.
3. Terminology
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
3.1 Definitions—Terminologies E1823 and D8 are appli-
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
cable to this test method.
only.
3.1.1 crack mouth—portion of the notch that is on the flat
surface of the specimen, that is, opposite the notch tip (see Fig.
3).
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road
and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.26 on
3
Fundamental/Mechanistic Tests. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2013. Published January 2014. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D7313 – 07a. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D7313-13. the ASTM website.
2 4
Wagoner, M. P., Buttlar, W. G., Paulino, G. H., and Blankenship, P., “Labora- Available from American Association of State Highway and Transportation
toryTesting Suite for Characterization ofAsphalt Concrete Mixtures Obtained from Officials (AASHTO), 444 N. Capitol St., NW, Suite 249, Washington, DC 20001,
Field Cores,” Journal of the Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists, 2006. http://www.transportation.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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D7313 − 13
FIG. 1 Schematic of Loa
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7313 − 07a D7313 − 13
Standard Test Method for
Determining Fracture Energy of Asphalt-Aggregate Mixtures
1
Using the Disk-Shaped Compact Tension Geometry
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7313; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of fracture energy (G ) of asphalt-aggregate mixtures using the disk-shaped
f
compact tension geometry. The disk-shaped compact tension geometry is a circular specimen with a single edge notch loaded in
tension. The fracture energy can be utilized as a parameter to describe the fracture resistance of asphalt concrete. The fracture
energy parameter is particularly useful in the evaluation of mixtures with ductile binders, such as polymer-modified asphalt
concrete, and has been shown to discriminate between these materials more broadly than the indirect tensile strength parameter
2
(AASHTO T322, Wagoner ). The test is generally valid at temperatures of 10°C (50°F) and below, or for material and temperature
combinations which produce valid material fracture, as outlined in 7.4.
1.2 The specimen geometry and terminology (disk-shaped compact tension, DC(T)) is modeled after Test Method E399 for
Plane-Strain Fracture Toughness of Metallic Materials, Appendix A6, with modifications to allow fracture testing of asphalt
concrete.
1.3 The test method describes the testing apparatus, instrumentation, specimen fabrication, and analysis procedures required to
determine fracture energy of asphalt concrete and similar quasi-brittle materials.
2 2 2 2
1.4 The standard unit of measurement for fracture energy is Joules/meter (J/m ) [inch-pound/inch (in.-lbf/in. )].
1.4 The text of this test method references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the test method.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D8 Terminology Relating to Materials for Roads and Pavements
D3666 Specification for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Testing and Inspecting Road and Paving Materials
D6373 Specification for Performance Graded Asphalt Binder
D6925 Test Method for Preparation and Determination of the Relative Density of Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) Specimens by Means
of the Superpave Gyratory Compactor
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
E399 Test Method for Linear-Elastic Plane-Strain Fracture Toughness K of Metallic Materials
Ic
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
E1823 Terminology Relating to Fatigue and Fracture Testing
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.26 on
Fundamental/Mechanistic Tests.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2007Dec. 1, 2013. Published January 2008January 2014. Originally approved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as
D7313 – 07.D7313 – 07a. DOI: 10.1520/D7313-07A.10.1520/D7313-13.
2
Wagoner, M. P., Buttlar, W. G., Paulino, G. H., and Blankenship, P., “Laboratory Testing Suite for Characterization of Asphalt Concrete Mixtures Obtained from Field
Cores,” Journal of the Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists, 2006.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7313 − 13
2.2 AASHTO Standard:
AASHTO T322 Standard Method of Test for Determining the Creep Compliance and Strength of Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA)
...