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ASTM D3472-97(2002)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Reverse-Ratchet Torque of Type IA Child-Resistant Closures

Standard Test Method for Reverse-Ratchet Torque of Type IA Child-Resistant Closures

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the torque developed when Type IA child-resistant closures are rotated in the counter-clockwise direction. Type IA closures are reclosable continuous threaded closures that use a random push down while turning; no orientation of the push down force is necessary.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Sep-1997
ICS
55.020 - Packaging and distribution of goods in general
Technical Committee
D10 - Packaging
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D3472-97 - Standard Test Method for Reverse-Ratchet Torque of Type IA Child-Resistant Closures
Effective Date
10-Sep-1997
Replaced By
ASTM D3472-97(2007) - Standard Test Method for Reverse-Ratchet Torque of Type IA Child-Resistant Closures (Withdrawn 2016)
Effective Date
01-Oct-2007

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ASTM D3472-97(2002) - Standard Test Method for Reverse-Ratchet Torque of Type IA Child-Resistant ClosuresASTM D3472-97(2002) - Standard Test Method for Reverse-Ratchet Torque of Type IA Child-Resistant Closures
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ASTM D3472-97(2002) - Standard Test Method for Reverse-Ratchet Torque of Type IA Child-Resistant Closures
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D3472–97 (Reapproved 2002)
Standard Test Method for
Reverse-Ratchet Torque of Type IA Child-Resistant
1
Closures
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3472; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4. Summary of Test Method
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the torque 4.1 Representative specimens of child-resistant threaded
developed when Type IAchild-resistant closures are rotated in closures are applied to an appropriate container. A torque-
the counter-clockwise direction. Type IA closures are reclos- measuring device is used to measure the amount of torque
ablecontinuousthreadedclosuresthatusearandompushdown developed when the closure is rotated in the counter-clockwise
while turning; no orientation of the push down force is direction without any vertical force applied. This is reverse-
necessary. ratchet torque.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
5. Significance and Use
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- 5.1 These torque measurements are of value because the
reverse-ratchet torque is a torque applied to the closure in the
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. removal direction of the closure. For Type IA closures, it is
essential that this torque be significantly lower than some
2. Referenced Documents
defined level at which the closure might unscrew.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards: 5.2 This test may be used to establish performance specifi-
D 3198 Test Method for Application and Removal Torque cation for this attribute.
of Threaded or Lug-Style Closures
6. Apparatus
D 3474 Practice for The Calibration and Use of Torque
,
3 4
Meters Used in Packaging Applications 6.1 Torque Tester —The model used is determined by the
D 3475 Classification of Child-Resistant Packages anticipated range of torques to be measured. Reverse-ratchet
torques usually fall below 10 lbf·in. (1.1 N·m).An appropriate
D 3810 Test Method for Minimum Application Torque of
Type IA Child-Resistant Closures torque tester range from 0 to 25 lbf·in. (0 to 2.8 N·m) or 0 to
10 lbf·in. (0 to 1.1 N·m) is suggested.
E 105 Practice for Probability Sampling Of Materials
E 122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate,
7. Sampling
With a Specified Tolerable Error, the Average for a
7.1 The number of samples will depend on the purpose for
Characteristic of a Lot or Process
which this test is being run. For a given set of samples,
3. Terminology
sufficient measurements should be taken in accordance with
3.1 Definition (see Classification D 3475). established statistical sampling procedures.
7.2 Refer to Practices E 105 and E 122 for more specific
3.1.1 Type IA child-resistant closure—a two-piece continu-
ous thread closure requiring a random push down while information on statistically valid procedures.
turning; no orientation of the push down force is necessary.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10 on
Packaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.31 on Child
Resistant Packaging.
3
Current edition approved Sept. 10, 1997. Published February 1998. Originally Owens-Illinois torque tester, or its equivalent, has been found satisfactory for
published as D 3472 – 76. Last previous edition D 3472 – 91. this test method. Available from Secure-Pak, Inc., 4009 Beachway Blvd., Toledo,
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or OH 43614.
4
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM A digital or automated torque instrument, if used, will have an appropriate
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on design and scale capacity for the container/closure system to be evaluated. Torque
the ASTM website. results will be available in either electronic display or printout format.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3472–97 (2002)
8. Test Specimens 11. Procedure
11.1 Reverse-Ratchet Torque:
8.1 Unused threaded closures complete with liner, if appli-
cable, and containers with the proper corresponding finish 11.1.1 Apply the closure with the recommended application
torque in accordance withTest Methods D 3810 and D 3198 or
should be used.
8.2 Ifappropriatecareistakentoavoidbuild-upoflubricant as specified by the closure manufacturer.
11.1.2 With the container
...

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