ASTM D2321-04e1

Standard Practice for Underground Installation of Thermoplastic Pipe for Sewers and Other Gravity-Flow Applications

SCOPE
1.1 This practice provides recommendations for the installation of buried thermoplastic pipe used in sewers and other gravity-flow applications. These recommendations are intended to ensure a stable underground environment for thermoplastic pipe under a wide range of service conditions. However, because of the numerous flexible plastic pipe products available and the inherent variability of natural ground conditions, achieving satisfactory performance of any one product may require modification to provisions contained herein to meet specific project requirements.
1.2 The scope of this practice necessarily excludes product performance criteria such as minimum pipe stiffness, maximum service deflection, or long term strength. Thus, it is incumbent upon the product manufacturer, specifier, or project engineer to verify and assure that the pipe specified for an intended application, when installed according to procedures outlined in this practice, will provide a long term, satisfactory performance according to criteria established for that application. A commentary on factors important in achieving a satisfactory installation is included in . Specific paragraphs in the appendix are referenced in the body of this practice for informational purposes.
Note 1
The following ASTM standards may be found useful in connection with this practice: Practice D 420, Test Method D 1556, Method D 2216, Specification D 2235, Test Method D 2412, Specification D 2564, Practice D 2657, Practice D 2855, Test Methods D 2922, Test Method D 3017, Practice F 402, Specification F 477, Specification F 545, and Specification F 913. Note 2
Most Plumbing Codes and some Building Codes have provisions for the installation of underground "building drains and building sewers." See them for plumbing piping applications.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Nov-2004
• ICS: 23.040.20 - Plastics pipes
• Technical Committee: F17 - Plastic Piping Systems
• Drafting Committee: F17.62 - Sewer

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D2321-04 - Standard Practice for Underground Installation of Thermoplastic Pipe for Sewers and Other Gravity-Flow Applications
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2004
• Replaced By: ASTM D2321-05 - Standard Practice for Underground Installation of Thermoplastic Pipe for Sewers and Other Gravity-Flow Applications
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2005
• Referred By: ASTM D2680-20 - Standard Specification for Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) and Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Composite Sewer Piping
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2004
• Referred By: ASTM F2763/F2763M-16(2021)e1 - Standard Specification for 12 to 60 in. [300 to 1500 mm] Dual and Triple Profile-Wall Polyethylene (PE) Pipe and Fittings for Sanitary Sewer Applications
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2004
• Referred By: ASTM F2618-21 - Standard Specification for Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Pipe and Fittings for Chemical Waste Drainage Systems
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2004
• Referred By: ASTM F1499-22 - Standard Specification for Coextruded Composite Drain, Waste, and Vent Pipe (DWV)
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2004
• Referred By: ASTM F2881/F2881M-21e1 - Standard Specification for 12 to 60 in. [300 to 1500 mm] Polypropylene (PP) Dual Wall Pipe and Fittings for Non-Pressure Storm Sewer Applications
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2004
• Referred By: ASTM F2306/F2306M-21 - Standard Specification for 300 mm to 1500 mm [12 in. to 60 in.] Annular Corrugated Profile-Wall Polyethylene (PE) Pipe and Fittings for Non-Pressure Gravity-Flow Storm Sewer and Subsurface Drainage Applications
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2004
• Referred By: ASTM F949-20 - Standard Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Corrugated Sewer Pipe With a Smooth Interior and Fittings
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2004
• Referred By: ASTM D3034-23 - Standard Specification for Type PSM Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Sewer Pipe and Fittings
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2004
• Referred By: ASTM F758-14(2023) - Standard Specification for Smooth-Wall Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Underdrain Systems for Highway, Airport, and Similar Drainage
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2004
• Referred By: ASTM F2764/F2764M-23 - Standard Specification for 6 in. to 60 in. [150 mm to 1500 mm] Polypropylene (PP) Corrugated Double and Triple Wall Pipe and Fittings for Non-Pressure Sanitary Sewer Applications
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2004
• Referred By: ASTM F449-20 - Standard Practice for Subsurface Installation of Corrugated Polyethylene Pipe for Agricultural Drainage or Water Table Control
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2004
• Referred By: ASTM F1803-15(2019) - Standard Specification for Poly (Vinyl Chloride)(PVC) Closed Profile Gravity Pipe and Fittings Based on Controlled Inside Diameter 
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2004
• Referred By: ASTM F794-21 - Standard Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Profile Gravity Sewer Pipe and Fittings Based on Controlled Inside Diameter
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2004

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
An American National Standard
e1
Designation: D 2321 – 04
Standard Practice for
Underground Installation of Thermoplastic Pipe for Sewers
1
and Other Gravity-Flow Applications
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2321; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1
e NOTE—Figure X1.2 was editorially corrected in April 2005.
1. Scope responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
1.1 This practice provides recommendations for the instal-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
lation of buried thermoplastic pipe used in sewers and other
gravity-flow applications. These recommendations are in-
2. Referenced Documents
tended to ensure a stable underground environment for ther-
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
moplastic pipe under a wide range of service conditions.
D8 Terminology Relating to Materials for Roads and Pave-
However, because of the numerous flexible plastic pipe prod-
ments
ucts available and the inherent variability of natural ground
D 653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained
conditions, achieving satisfactory performance of any one
Fluids
product may require modification to provisions contained
D 698 Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction Character-
herein to meet specific project requirements.
istics of Soil Using Standard Effort (12,400 ft-lbf/ft (600
1.2 The scope of this practice necessarily excludes product
kN-m/m))
performance criteria such as minimum pipe stiffness, maxi-
D 2487 Test Method for Classification of Soils for Engi-
mum service deflection, or long term strength. Thus, it is
neering Purposes (Unified Soil Classification System)
incumbent upon the product manufacturer, specifier, or project
D 2488 Practice for Description and Identification of Soils
engineer to verify and assure that the pipe specified for an
(Visual-Manual Procedure)
intended application, when installed according to procedures
D 3839 Practice for Underground Installation of Fiberglass
outlined in this practice, will provide a long term, satisfactory
(Glass-Fiber Reinforced Thermosetting Resin) Pipe
performance according to criteria established for that applica-
D 4318 Test Method for Liquid Limit, Plastic Limit, and
tion. A commentary on factors important in achieving a
Plasticity Index of Soils
satisfactory installation is included in Appendix X1.
F 412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems
NOTE 1—Specific paragraphs in the appendix are referenced in the
body of this practice for informational purposes.
3. Terminology
NOTE 2—The following ASTM standards may be found useful in
3.1 General—Definitions used in this practice are in accor-
connection with this practice: Practice D 420, Test Method D 1556,
dance with Terminologies F 412 and D 8 and Terminology
Method D 2216, Specification D 2235,Test Method D 2412, Specification
D 653 unless otherwise indicated.
D 2564, Practice D 2657, Practice D 2855, Test Methods D 2922, Test
Method D 3017, Practice F 402, Specification F 477, Specification F 545, 3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
and Specification F 913.
3.2.1 foundation, bedding, haunching, initial backfill, final
NOTE 3—Most Plumbing Codes and some Building Codes have provi-
backfill, pipe zone, excavated trench width—See Fig. 1 for
sions for the installation of underground “building drains and building
meaning and limits, and trench terminology.
sewers.” See them for plumbing piping applications.
3.2.2 aggregate—a granular material of mineral composi-
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
tion such as sand, gravel, shell, slag or crushed stone (see
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
TerminologyD8).
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on Plastic
2
Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.62 on Sewer For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Pipe. contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2004. Published January 2005. Originally Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as D 2321 – 00. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D 2321 – 04
5. Materials
5.1 Classification—Materi
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