ASTM D2321-04

Standard Practice for Underground Installation of Thermoplastic Pipe for Sewers and Other Gravity-Flow Applications

SCOPE
1.1 This practice provides recommendations for the installation of buried thermoplastic pipe used in sewers and other gravity-flow applications. These recommendations are intended to ensure a stable underground environment for thermoplastic pipe under a wide range of service conditions. However, because of the numerous flexible plastic pipe products available and the inherent variability of natural ground conditions, achieving satisfactory performance of any one product may require modification to provisions contained herein to meet specific project requirements.
1.2 The scope of this practice necessarily excludes product performance criteria such as minimum pipe stiffness, maximum service deflection, or long term strength. Thus, it is incumbent upon the product manufacturer, specifier, or project engineer to verify and assure that the pipe specified for an intended application, when installed according to procedures outlined in this practice, will provide a long term, satisfactory performance according to criteria established for that application. A commentary on factors important in achieving a satisfactory installation is included in . Specific paragraphs in the appendix are referenced in the body of this practice for informational purposes.
Note 1
The following ASTM standards may be found useful in connection with this practice: Practice D 420, Test Method D 1556, Method D 2216, Specification D 2235, Test Method D 2412, Specification D 2564, Practice D 2657, Practice D 2855, Test Methods D 2922, Test Method D 3017, Practice F 402, Specification F 477, Specification F 545, and Specification F 913. Note 2
Most Plumbing Codes and some Building Codes have provisions for the installation of underground "building drains and building sewers." See them for plumbing piping applications.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Nov-2004
• ICS: 23.040.20 - Plastics pipes
• Technical Committee: F17 - Plastic Piping Systems
• Drafting Committee: F17.62 - Sewer

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D2321-00 - Standard Practice for Underground Installation of Thermoplastic Pipe for Sewers and Other Gravity-Flow Applications
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2004
• Replaced By: ASTM D2321-04e1 - Standard Practice for Underground Installation of Thermoplastic Pipe for Sewers and Other Gravity-Flow Applications
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2004
• Referred By: ASTM D2680-20 - Standard Specification for Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) and Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Composite Sewer Piping
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2004
• Referred By: ASTM F2763/F2763M-16(2021)e1 - Standard Specification for 12 to 60 in. [300 to 1500 mm] Dual and Triple Profile-Wall Polyethylene (PE) Pipe and Fittings for Sanitary Sewer Applications
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2004
• Referred By: ASTM F2618-21 - Standard Specification for Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Pipe and Fittings for Chemical Waste Drainage Systems
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2004
• Referred By: ASTM F1499-22 - Standard Specification for Coextruded Composite Drain, Waste, and Vent Pipe (DWV)
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2004
• Referred By: ASTM F2881/F2881M-21e1 - Standard Specification for 12 to 60 in. [300 to 1500 mm] Polypropylene (PP) Dual Wall Pipe and Fittings for Non-Pressure Storm Sewer Applications
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2004
• Referred By: ASTM F2306/F2306M-21 - Standard Specification for 300 mm to 1500 mm [12 in. to 60 in.] Annular Corrugated Profile-Wall Polyethylene (PE) Pipe and Fittings for Non-Pressure Gravity-Flow Storm Sewer and Subsurface Drainage Applications
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2004
• Referred By: ASTM F949-20 - Standard Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Corrugated Sewer Pipe With a Smooth Interior and Fittings
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2004
• Referred By: ASTM D3034-23 - Standard Specification for Type PSM Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Sewer Pipe and Fittings
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2004
• Referred By: ASTM F2764/F2764M-23 - Standard Specification for 6 in. to 60 in. [150 mm to 1500 mm] Polypropylene (PP) Corrugated Double and Triple Wall Pipe and Fittings for Non-Pressure Sanitary Sewer Applications
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2004
• Referred By: ASTM F449-20 - Standard Practice for Subsurface Installation of Corrugated Polyethylene Pipe for Agricultural Drainage or Water Table Control
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2004
• Referred By: ASTM F758-14(2023) - Standard Specification for Smooth-Wall Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Underdrain Systems for Highway, Airport, and Similar Drainage
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2004
• Referred By: ASTM F1673-10(2021)e1 - Standard Specification for Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) Corrosive Waste Drainage Systems
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2004
• Referred By: ASTM F1803-15(2019) - Standard Specification for Poly (Vinyl Chloride)(PVC) Closed Profile Gravity Pipe and Fittings Based on Controlled Inside Diameter 
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2004

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn. Contact ASTM
International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
An American National Standard
Designation: D 2321 – 04
Standard Practice for
Underground Installation of Thermoplastic Pipe for Sewers
1
and Other Gravity-Flow Applications
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2321; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.1 This practice provides recommendations for the instal-
lation of buried thermoplastic pipe used in sewers and other
2. Referenced Documents
gravity-flow applications. These recommendations are in-
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
tended to ensure a stable underground environment for ther-
D8 Terminology Relating to Materials for Roads and Pave-
moplastic pipe under a wide range of service conditions.
ments
However, because of the numerous flexible plastic pipe prod-
D 653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained
ucts available and the inherent variability of natural ground
Fluids
conditions, achieving satisfactory performance of any one
D 698 Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction Character-
product may require modification to provisions contained
istics of Soil Using Standard Effort (12,400 ft-lbf/ft (600
herein to meet specific project requirements.
kN-m/m))
1.2 The scope of this practice necessarily excludes product
D 2487 Test Method for Classification of Soils for Engi-
performance criteria such as minimum pipe stiffness, maxi-
neering Purposes (Unified Soil Classification System)
mum service deflection, or long term strength. Thus, it is
D 2488 Practice for Description and Identification of Soils
incumbent upon the product manufacturer, specifier, or project
(Visual-Manual Procedure)
engineer to verify and assure that the pipe specified for an
D 3839 Practice for Underground Installation of Fiberglass
intended application, when installed according to procedures
(Glass-Fiber Reinforced Thermosetting Resin) Pipe
outlined in this practice, will provide a long term, satisfactory
D 4318 Test Method for Liquid Limit, Plastic Limit, and
performance according to criteria established for that applica-
Plasticity Index of Soils
tion. A commentary on factors important in achieving a
F 412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems
satisfactory installation is included in Appendix X1.
3. Terminology
NOTE 1—Specific paragraphs in the appendix are referenced in the
body of this practice for informational purposes.
3.1 General—Definitions used in this practice are in accor-
NOTE 2—The following ASTM standards may be found useful in
dance with Terminologies F 412 and D 8 and Terminology
connection with this practice: Practice D 420, Test Method D 1556,
D 653 unless otherwise indicated.
Method D 2216, Specification D 2235,Test Method D 2412, Specification
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
D 2564, Practice D 2657, Practice D 2855, Test Methods D 2922, Test
Method D 3017, Practice F 402, Specification F 477, Specification F 545, 3.2.1 foundation, bedding, haunching, initial backfill, final
and Specification F 913.
backfill, pipe zone, excavated trench width—See Fig. 1 for
NOTE 3—Most Plumbing Codes and some Building Codes have provi-
meaning and limits, and trench terminology.
sions for the installation of underground “building drains and building
3.2.2 aggregate—a granular material of mineral composi-
sewers.” See them for plumbing piping applications.
tion such as sand, gravel, shell, slag or crushed stone (see
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
TerminologyD8).
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.2.3 deflection—any change in the inside diameter of the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
pipe resulting from installation and imposed loads. Deflection
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on Plastic
2
Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.62 on Sewer For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Pipe. contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2004. Published January 2005. Originally Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as D 2321 – 00. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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