ASTM D2399-83(1999)
(Practice)Standard Practice for Selection of Cutback Asphalts
Standard Practice for Selection of Cutback Asphalts
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the selection of cutback asphalts of the slow, medium and rapid curing types for various paving and allied uses. Slow-curing cutback asphalts are also called road oils.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D2399–83 (Reapproved 1999)
Standard Practice for
Selection of Cutback Asphalts
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2399; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.6 dust binder— a light application of bituminous mate-
rial for the express purpose of laying and bonding loose dust.
1.1 This practice covers the selection of cutback asphalts of
3.1.7 mixed-in-place (road mix)—a bituminous course pro-
the slow, medium and rapid curing types for various paving
duced by mixing mineral aggregate and liquid bitumen at the
and allied uses. Slow-curing cutback asphalts are also called
job-site by means of travel plants, motor graders, drags, or
road oils.
special road-mixing equipment. Pavement base and surfaces,
2. Referenced Documents
mixed in place, may utilize open-graded aggregates (3.1.10),
dense-graded aggregates (3.1.5), sand (3.1.15), or sandy soil
2.1 ASTM Standards:
(3.1.17).
D 2026 Specification for Cutback Asphalt (Slow-Curing
3.1.8 mulch treatment— a spray application of bituminous
Type)
material used to temporarily stabilize a recently seeded area.
D 2027 Specification for CutbackAsphalt (Medium-Curing
The bitumen can also be applied to straw or hay mulch as a
Type)
tie-down.
D 2028 Specification for Cutback Asphalt (Rapid-Curing
3.1.9 multiple surface treatment—twoormoresurfacetreat-
Type)
ments placed one on the other.The maximum aggregate size of
3. Terminology
each successive treatment is usually one half that of the
previous one, and the total thickness is about the same as the
3.1 Definitions:
nominal maximum size aggregate particles of the first course.
3.1.1 bitumen-aggregate applications—the spraying of liq-
3.1.10 open-graded aggregate—one containing little or no
uid bitumen on prepared aggregate or pavement surfaces,
mineral filler and in which the void spaces in the compacted
which subsequently are covered with graded aggregate.
aggregate are relatively large.
3.1.2 bitumen-aggregate mixture—acombinationofbitumi-
3.1.11 patch mix—a mixture of bituminous material and
nous material and aggregate that is physically mixed by
mineral aggregate for patching holes, depressions, and dis-
mechanical and thermal means, spread on the job-site, and
tressed areas in existing pavements. These mixes are suitable
compacted.
foruseinrelativelysmallareas,appliedatambienttemperature
3.1.3 bitumen applications—the uses of sprayed bituminous
using hand-laying and hand-compaction techniques. These
coatings not involving the use of aggregates. Uses of liquid
mixes may be designed for immediate use or for stock-piling
bitumeninthisgroupareallclassedastreatments.(See surface
for a period of time prior to use.
treatments.)
3.1.12 pavement base and surfaces—the lower or underly-
3.1.4 cold-laid plant mix—a mixture of liquid bitumen and
ing pavement course atop the subbase or subgrade and the top
mineral aggregate prepared in a central bituminous mixing
or wearing course. Cold-laid mixtures that are bound together
plant and spread and compacted at the job-site when the
with liquid bitumens use either open or dense aggregate
mixture is at or near ambient temperature.
gradations.
3.1.5 dense-graded aggregate—aggregate that is graded
3.1.13 penetration macadam—a pavement construction us-
from the maximum size down to filler with the object of
ing essentially one-size coarse aggregate, which is penetrated
obtaining a bituminous mix with a controlled void content and
in place by a heavy application of high viscosity bituminous
high stability.
material. This application is followed by an application of a
smaller size coarse aggregate (to reduce the void space) then is
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-4 on Road and
rolled thoroughly. This procedure is usually followed another
Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.40 on
time with a still smaller coarse aggregate and roller compac-
Asphalt Specifications.
tion.
Current edition approved March 25, 1983. Published November 1983. Originally
published as D 2399 – 65 T. Last previous edition D 2399 – 81.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.03.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D2399
3.1.14 prime coat—an application of a low-viscosity bitu- 4. Significance and Use
minous material to an absorptive surface, designed to pen-
4.1 Thispracticedefinesvarioustypesofbituminouspaving
etrate, bond, and stabilize the existing surface and to promote
construction for which cutback asphalt may be used. In
adhesion between it and the construction course that follows.
addition, it delineates the types and grades recommended for
each specific use.
3.1.15 sand—a clean, mineral aggregate material passing a
4.2 This practice provides the basic concepts on which the
No.4(4.75-mm)sieve,butonlyabout5 %passingtheNo.200
use recommendations have been made. It also provides a
(75-µm) sieve.
rationale by which the user may judiciously select a material
3.1.16 sand seal—a thin layer of spray-applied bitumen
for a specific job application from among those generally
uniformly covered with sand (see 3.1.15), which waterproofs
recommended.
and improves the texture of a pavement surface.
3.1.17 sandy soil—a material consisting essentially of fine
5. Precautions
aggregate particles smaller than No. 10 (2.00-mm) sieve and
5.1 For some of the uses recommended in Table 1, the
usuallycontainingupto20 %passingaNo.200(75-µm)sieve.
cutback asphalt may be applied at temperatures above its flash
This material usually exhibits plasticity characteristics.
point. Caution, therefore, must be exercised at all times in
3.1.18 single-surface treatment—a single application of bi-
handling these materials to prevent fire or an explosion.
tumen to any kind of road surface followed immediately by a
single layer of aggregate of as uniform
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.