ASTM D5273-23
(Guide)Standard Guide for Analysis of Propylene Concentrates
Standard Guide for Analysis of Propylene Concentrates
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide is intended to provide information on the likely composition of propylene concentrates and on probable ways to test them. Since there are currently no ASTM test methods for determining all components of interest, this guide provides information on other potentially available test methods.
4.2 Although this guide is not to be used for specifications, it can provide a starting point for parties to develop mutually agreed upon specifications which meet their respective requirements. It can also be used as a starting point in finding suitable test methods for determining various components of propylene.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers a list of the major grades of propylene concentrates produced in North America. It includes possible components and test methods, both ASTM and other, either actually used, or believed to be in use, to test for these properties. This guide is not intended to be used or construed as a set of specifications for any grade of propylene concentrate.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 30-Nov-2023
- Technical Committee
- D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
- Drafting Committee
- D02.D0.03 - Propylene
Relations
- Effective Date
- 01-Dec-2023
- Effective Date
- 01-Mar-2024
- Effective Date
- 01-Mar-2024
- Effective Date
- 01-Jun-2023
- Effective Date
- 01-May-2023
- Effective Date
- 01-Jan-2020
- Effective Date
- 01-Jul-2019
- Effective Date
- 01-Jun-2015
Overview
ASTM D5273-23, titled Standard Guide for Analysis of Propylene Concentrates, provides a comprehensive framework for understanding the composition and appropriate analytical strategies for propylene concentrates produced in North America. This guide covers major grades of propylene concentrates, the typical components encountered, and relevant test methods, drawing on both ASTM standards and other industry practices. It supports laboratories, producers, and stakeholders in selecting fit-for-purpose analysis methods while emphasizing that it is not intended to serve as a product specification.
The main focus of ASTM D5273-23 is to assist in identifying likely components of propylene concentrates, suggest possible analytical methods, and support the development of mutually agreeable specifications and analysis protocols among parties.
Key Topics
- Grades of Propylene Concentrates: The guide covers polymer, chemical, and refinery grades with varying propylene content above 50%.
- Component Identification: Provides an overview of likely components, including hydrocarbons (e.g., propane, ethylene, butanes), volatile compounds, sulfur species, nitrogen, chloride, oxygenates, and trace contaminants.
- Sampling Methods:
- Emphasis on techniques that minimize loss of light components or concentration of heavier species.
- Recommendations cover floating piston cylinders (as per D3700), conventional outaging, and vaporization methodologies.
- Highlights the need for expert supervision and proper sample container selection, especially for reactive or polar analytes.
- Analytical Techniques:
- Details both ASTM (e.g., D2163, D2712, D6729, D6667, D4629) and non-ASTM methods currently used in the industry.
- Includes gas chromatography with various detectors, potentiometric titration (UOP 212), chemiluminescence, colorimetric and microcoulometric methods.
- Points out adaptations and method variations employed by laboratories for specific analyte measurement.
Applications
ASTM D5273-23 is widely applicable in the following scenarios:
- Quality Control: Laboratories analyze propylene concentrates to verify the presence and concentration of key hydrocarbons, impurities, and trace substances, supporting process control and shipment acceptance.
- Specification Development: Although not a specification, the guide provides a reference for negotiating quality agreements and mutually acceptable test protocols between suppliers and purchasers.
- Method Selection: Process engineers and QA professionals use this guide to identify relevant test methods when establishing laboratory procedures for routine or investigative analysis of propylene concentrates.
- Regulatory Compliance: Assists organizations in adopting recognized analytical practices and supports adherence to internationally recognized standardization principles, aiding cross-border trade and regulatory acceptance.
- Technical Training: Serves as an educational resource for technical staff on the typical composition and analysis requirements for propylene products.
Related Standards
A selection of referenced and related ASTM and industry standards includes:
- ASTM D2163 - Hydrocarbons in Liquefied Petroleum Gases by Gas Chromatography
- ASTM D2712 - Determination of Hydrocarbon Impurities in High Purity Propylene by Gas Chromatography
- ASTM D3700 - Practice for Obtaining LPG Samples Using a Floating Piston Cylinder
- ASTM D6729 - Individual Components in Spark Ignition Engine Fuels by Capillary High Resolution GC
- ASTM D6667 - Determination of Total Volatile Sulfur in Gaseous Hydrocarbons by Ultraviolet Fluorescence
- ASTM D4629 - Trace Nitrogen in Liquid Hydrocarbons by Oxidative Combustion/Chemiluminescence
- ASTM D5454, D7423, and others addressing oxygenates, moisture analysis, and related parameters
- UOP 212 - Analysis of Sulfur Compounds by Potentiometric Titration
- UOP 603 - Trace Carbon Monoxide and Dioxide by Gas Chromatography
ASTM D5273-23 provides essential guidance for the analysis of propylene concentrates, improving consistency and reliability in industry-wide testing protocols for petrochemical raw materials.
Keywords: propylene concentrates, ASTM D5273-23, hydrocarbon analysis, petrochemical testing, propylene test methods, LPG analysis, oil and gas standards, gas chromatography, refinery product analysis
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Frequently Asked Questions
ASTM D5273-23 is a guide published by ASTM International. Its full title is "Standard Guide for Analysis of Propylene Concentrates". This standard covers: SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 4.1 This guide is intended to provide information on the likely composition of propylene concentrates and on probable ways to test them. Since there are currently no ASTM test methods for determining all components of interest, this guide provides information on other potentially available test methods. 4.2 Although this guide is not to be used for specifications, it can provide a starting point for parties to develop mutually agreed upon specifications which meet their respective requirements. It can also be used as a starting point in finding suitable test methods for determining various components of propylene. SCOPE 1.1 This guide covers a list of the major grades of propylene concentrates produced in North America. It includes possible components and test methods, both ASTM and other, either actually used, or believed to be in use, to test for these properties. This guide is not intended to be used or construed as a set of specifications for any grade of propylene concentrate. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 4.1 This guide is intended to provide information on the likely composition of propylene concentrates and on probable ways to test them. Since there are currently no ASTM test methods for determining all components of interest, this guide provides information on other potentially available test methods. 4.2 Although this guide is not to be used for specifications, it can provide a starting point for parties to develop mutually agreed upon specifications which meet their respective requirements. It can also be used as a starting point in finding suitable test methods for determining various components of propylene. SCOPE 1.1 This guide covers a list of the major grades of propylene concentrates produced in North America. It includes possible components and test methods, both ASTM and other, either actually used, or believed to be in use, to test for these properties. This guide is not intended to be used or construed as a set of specifications for any grade of propylene concentrate. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ASTM D5273-23 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 71.080.10 - Aliphatic hydrocarbons. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
ASTM D5273-23 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to ASTM D5273-18, ASTM D5623-24, ASTM D3227-24, ASTM D4468-23, ASTM D3227-23, ASTM D5454-11(2020), ASTM D5623-19, ASTM D2505-88(2015). Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
ASTM D5273-23 is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D5273 − 23
Standard Guide for
Analysis of Propylene Concentrates
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5273; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* D2504 Test Method for Noncondensable Gases in C and
Lighter Hydrocarbon Products by Gas Chromatography
1.1 This guide covers a list of the major grades of propylene
(Withdrawn 2024)
concentrates produced in North America. It includes possible
D2505 Test Method for Ethylene, Other Hydrocarbons, and
components and test methods, both ASTM and other, either
Carbon Dioxide in High-Purity Ethylene by Gas Chroma-
actually used, or believed to be in use, to test for these
tography
properties. This guide is not intended to be used or construed
D2712 Test Method for Determination of Hydrocarbon Im-
as a set of specifications for any grade of propylene concen-
purities in High Purity Propylene by Gas Chromatography
trate.
D3227 Test Method for (Thiol Mercaptan) Sulfur in
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Gasoline, Kerosine, Aviation Turbine, and Distillate Fuels
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
(Potentiometric Method)
standard.
D3246 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Gas by Oxida-
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
tive Microcoulometry (Withdrawn 2024)
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the D3700 Practice for Obtaining LPG Samples Using a Float-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
ing Piston Cylinder
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- D4178 Practice for Calibrating Moisture Analyzers
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
D4468 Test Method for Total Sulfur in Gaseous Fuels by
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor- Hydrogenolysis and Rateometric Colorimetry
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
D4629 Test Method for Trace Nitrogen in Liquid Hydrocar-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the bons by Syringe/Inlet Oxidative Combustion and Chemi-
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- luminescence Detection
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
D4864 Test Method for Determination of Traces of Metha-
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. nol in Propylene Concentrates by Gas Chromatography
(Withdrawn 2016)
2. Referenced Documents
D5454 Test Method for Water Vapor Content of Gaseous
Fuels Using Electronic Moisture Analyzers
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D5623 Test Method for Sulfur Compounds in Light Petro-
D2163 Test Method for Determination of Hydrocarbons in
leum Liquids by Gas Chromatography and Sulfur Selec-
Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases and Propane/Propene
tive Detection
Mixtures by Gas Chromatography
D6667 Test Method for Determination of Total Volatile
D2384 Test Methods for Traces of Volatile Chlorides in
Sulfur in Gaseous Hydrocarbons and Liquefied Petroleum
Butane-Butene Mixtures
Gases by Ultraviolet Fluorescence
D6729 Test Method for Determination of Individual Com-
ponents in Spark Ignition Engine Fuels by 100 Metre
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum
Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-
Capillary High Resolution Gas Chromatography
mittee D02.D0.03 on Propylene.
D7423 Test Method for Determination of Oxygenates in C2,
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2023. Published January 2024. Originally
C3, C4, and C5 Hydrocarbon Matrices by Gas Chroma-
approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as D5273 – 18. DOI:
10.1520/D5273-23. tography and Flame Ionization Detection
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D5273 − 23
D7994 Test Method for Total Fluorine, Chlorine, and Sulfur ments. It can also be used as a starting point in finding suitable
in Liquid Petroleum Gas (LPG) by Oxidative Pyrohydro- test methods for determining various components of propylene.
lytic Combustion Followed by Ion Chromatography De-
tection (Combustion Ion Chromatography-CIC) 5. Sampling
D8098 Test Method for Permanent Gases in C and C
2 3
5.1 General—Sample propylene concentrates are to be ana-
Hydrocarbon Products by Gas Chromatography and Pulse
lyzed for trace components by a technique that minimizes or
Discharge Helium Ionization Detector
eliminates losses of light components and concentration of
2.2 UOP Standard:
heavy ones. The sections below list some different sampling
UOP 212 Hydrogen Sulfide, Mercaptan Sulfur, and Carbo-
methods and principles. However, it is not the intent of this
nyl Sulfide in Hydrocarbon Gases by Potentiometric
guide to list procedures that are applicable to all sampling
Titration
situations. It is strongly recommended that samples be obtained
UOP 603 Trace CO and CO in Hydrogen and Light
under the supervision of a person with wide knowledge and
Gaseous Hydrocarbons by GC
experience in sampling olefinic liquefied petroleum gases.
Also, even though this guide does not address the location of a
3. Terminology
sampling point in a line or vessel, the importance of the proper
3.1 Definitions:
sampling location cannot be overemphasized.
3.1.1 outaging, n—practice of removing a portion of liquid
5.2 Floating Piston Cylinder—Test Method D3700 meets
contents from a conventional sampling cylinder after filling to
the criterion of minimizing or eliminating loss of light com-
provide expansion room.
pounds and concentration of heavy ones. However, some labs
3.1.2 propylene concentrate, n—hydrocarbon product con-
have safety codes preventing use of rupture-disc piston con-
taining more than 50 % propylene.
tainers. Alternative procedures must be used in these labs.
3.1.2.1 Discussion—Grades of propylene concentrates listed
5.3 Conventional Outaging Method—The widely used out-
in this guide are: polymer, 99.0 % minimum propylene content;
aging technique (that is, the practice of removing a portion of
chemical, 92.0 %; and refinery, 60 %.
the fluid contents from a conventional sampling cylinder after
3.2 Abbreviations:
filling in order to provide expansion room) causes a loss of
3.2.1 AgDDC, n—silver diethyldithiocarbamate.
light components into the vapor space. Subsequent handling to
3.2.2 GC, n—gas chromatograph.
recapture these light ends in the liquid phases of the sample,
such as repressurization of the cylinder contents with an inert
3.2.3 GC-AED, n—gas chromatography atomic emission
gas, will not completely effect their recovery, especially the
detector.
permanent gases. However, the loss is not significant to some
3.2.4 GC-ECD, n—gas chromatography electron capture
users.
detector.
5.4 Vaporization Methods—Vaporization of the sample, ei-
3.2.5 GC-FPD, n—gas chromatography flame photometric
ther at the source or in the lab prior to analysis, can cause loss
detector.
of heavier components, if present, and concentration of lighter
3.2.6 GC-PID, n—gas chromatography photoionization de-
ones. Test Method D2712 describes a low pressure vaporiza-
tector.
tion sampling technique that is sui
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5273 − 18 D5273 − 23
Standard Guide for
Analysis of Propylene Concentrates
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5273; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This guide covers a list of the major grades of propylene concentrates produced in North America. It includes possible
components and test methods, both ASTM and other, either actually used, or believed to be in use, to test for these properties. This
guide is not intended to be used or construed as a set of specifications for any grade of propylene concentrate.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D2163 Test Method for Determination of Hydrocarbons in Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases and Propane/Propene Mixtures by
Gas Chromatography
D2384 Test Methods for Traces of Volatile Chlorides in Butane-Butene Mixtures
D2504 Test Method for Noncondensable Gases in C and Lighter Hydrocarbon Products by Gas Chromatography (Withdrawn
2024)
D2505 Test Method for Ethylene, Other Hydrocarbons, and Carbon Dioxide in High-Purity Ethylene by Gas Chromatography
D2712 Test Method for Determination of Hydrocarbon Impurities in High Purity Propylene by Gas Chromatography
D3227 Test Method for (Thiol Mercaptan) Sulfur in Gasoline, Kerosine, Aviation Turbine, and Distillate Fuels (Potentiometric
Method)
D3246 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Gas by Oxidative Microcoulometry (Withdrawn 2024)
D3700 Practice for Obtaining LPG Samples Using a Floating Piston Cylinder
D4178 Practice for Calibrating Moisture Analyzers
D4468 Test Method for Total Sulfur in Gaseous Fuels by Hydrogenolysis and Rateometric Colorimetry
D4629 Test Method for Trace Nitrogen in Liquid Hydrocarbons by Syringe/Inlet Oxidative Combustion and Chemiluminescence
Detection
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.D0.03 on Propylene.
Current edition approved July 1, 2018Dec. 1, 2023. Published August 2018January 2024. Originally approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 20122018 as
D5273 – 92 (2012).D5273 – 18. DOI: 10.1520/D5273-18.10.1520/D5273-23.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D5273 − 23
D4864 Test Method for Determination of Traces of Methanol in Propylene Concentrates by Gas Chromatography (Withdrawn
2016)
D5454 Test Method for Water Vapor Content of Gaseous Fuels Using Electronic Moisture Analyzers
D5623 Test Method for Sulfur Compounds in Light Petroleum Liquids by Gas Chromatography and Sulfur Selective Detection
D6667 Test Method for Determination of Total Volatile Sulfur in Gaseous Hydrocarbons and Liquefied Petroleum Gases by
Ultraviolet Fluorescence
D6729 Test Method for Determination of Individual Components in Spark Ignition Engine Fuels by 100 Metre Capillary High
Resolution Gas Chromatography
D7423 Test Method for Determination of Oxygenates in C2, C3, C4, and C5 Hydrocarbon Matrices by Gas Chromatography
and Flame Ionization Detection
D7994 Test Method for Total Fluorine, Chlorine, and Sulfur in Liquid Petroleum Gas (LPG) by Oxidative Pyrohydrolytic
Combustion Followed by Ion Chromatography Detection (Combustion Ion Chromatography-CIC)
D8098 Test Method for Permanent Gases in C and C Hydrocarbon Products by Gas Chromatography and Pulse Discharge
2 3
Helium Ionization Detector
2.2 UOP Standard:
UOP 212 Hydrogen Sulfide, Mercaptan Sulfur, and Carbonyl Sulfide in Hydrocarbon Gases by Potentiometric Titration
UOP 603 Trace CO and CO in Hydrogen and Light Gaseous Hydrocarbons by GC
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 outaging, n—practice of removing a portion of liquid contents from a conventional sampling cylinder after filling to provide
expansion room.
3.1.2 propylene concentrate, n—hydrocarbon product containing more than 50 % propylene.
3.1.2.1 Discussion—
Grades of propylene concentrates listed in this guide are: polymer, 99.0 % minimum propylene content; chemical, 92.0 %; and
refinery, 60 %.
3.2 Abbreviations:
3.2.1 AgDDC, n—silver diethyldithiocarbamate.
3.2.2 GC, n—gas chromatograph.
3.2.3 GC-AED, n—gas chromatography atomic emission detector.
3.2.4 GC-ECD, n—gas chromatography electron capture detector.
3.2.5 GC-FPD, n—gas chromatography flame photometric detector.
3.2.6 GC-PID, n—gas chromatography photoionization detector.
3.2.7 GC-SCD, n—gas chromatography sulfur chemiluminescent detector.
3.2.8 IC, n—ion chromatography.
3.2.9 ICP-MS, n—inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry.
3.2.10 LPG or LP gases, n—liquefied petroleum gas.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 This guide is intended to provide information on the likely composition of propylene concentrates and on probable ways to
Available from ASTM International at www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org.
D5273 − 23
test them. Since there are currently no ASTM test methods for determining all components of interest, this guide provides
information on other potentially available test methods.
4.2 Although this guide is not to be used for specifications, it can provide a starting point for parties to develop mutually agreed
upon specifications which meet their respective requirements. It can also be used as a starting point in finding suitable test methods
for determining various components of propylene.
5. Sampling
5.1 General—Sample propylene concentrates are to be analyzed for trace components by a technique that minimizes or eliminates
losses of light components and concentration of heavy ones. The sections below list some different sampling methods and
principles. However, it is not the intent of this guide to list procedures that are applicable to all sampling situations. It is strongly
recommended that samples be obtained under the supervision of a person with wide knowledge and experience in sampling olefinic
liquefied petroleum gases. Also, even though this guide does not address the location of a sampling point in a line or vessel, the
importance of the proper sampling location cannot be overemphasized.
5.2 Floating Piston Cylinder—Test Method D3700 meets the criterion of minimizing or eliminating loss of light compounds and
concentration of heavy ones. However, some labs have safety codes preventing use of rupture-disc piston containers. Alternative
procedures must be used in these labs.
5.3 Conventional Outaging Method—The widely used outaging technique (that is, the practice of removing a portion of the fluid
contents from a conventional sampling cylinder after filling in order to provide expansion room) causes a loss of light components
into the vapor
...
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