ASTM F1209-14
(Guide)Standard Guide for Ecological Considerations for the Use of Oil Spill Dispersants in Freshwater and Other Inland Environments, Ponds and Sloughs
Standard Guide for Ecological Considerations for the Use of Oil Spill Dispersants in Freshwater and Other Inland Environments, Ponds and Sloughs
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This guide is meant to aid local and regional response teams who may use it during spill response planning and spill events.
3.2 This guide should be adapted to site specific circumstance.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers the use of oil spill dispersants to assist in the control of oil spills. The guide is written with the goal of minimizing the environmental impacts of oil spills; this goal is the basis on which the recommendations are made. Aesthetic and socioeconomic factors are not considered, although these and other factors are often important in spill response.
1.2 Spill responders have available several means to control or clean up spilled oil. In this guide, the use of dispersants is given equal consideration with other spill countermeasures. It is not considered as a “last resort” after all other methods have failed.
1.3 This is a general guide only. Oil, as used in this guide, includes crude oils and refined petroleum products. Differences between individual dispersants or between different oil products are not considered.
1.4 The guide is organized by habitat type, for example, small ponds and lakes, rivers and streams, and land. It considers the use of dispersants primarily to protect habitats from impact (or to minimize impacts).
1.5 This guide applies only to freshwater and other inland environments. It does not consider the direct application of dispersants to subsurface waters.
1.6 In making dispersant use decisions, appropriate government authorities should be consulted as required by law.
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: F1209 − 14
Standard Guide for
Ecological Considerations for the Use of Oil Spill
Dispersants in Freshwater and Other Inland Environments,
1
Ponds and Sloughs
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1209; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.1 Thisguidecoverstheuseofoilspilldispersantstoassist
in the control of oil spills. The guide is written with the goal of
2. Referenced Documents
minimizing the environmental impacts of oil spills; this goal is
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
the basis on which the recommendations are made. Aesthetic
F2532 Guide for Determining Net Environmental Benefit of
and socioeconomic factors are not considered, although these
Dispersant Use
and other factors are often important in spill response.
3. Significance and Use
1.2 Spill responders have available several means to control
or clean up spilled oil. In this guide, the use of dispersants is
3.1 This guide is meant to aid local and regional response
given equal consideration with other spill countermeasures. It
teams who may use it during spill response planning and spill
is not considered as a “last resort” after all other methods have
events.
failed.
3.2 This guide should be adapted to site specific circum-
1.3 This is a general guide only. Oil, as used in this guide,
stance.
includescrudeoilsandrefinedpetroleumproducts.Differences
4. Environment Covered—Ponds and Sloughs
between individual dispersants or between different oil prod-
ucts are not considered.
4.1 Ponds and sloughs are small isolated water bodies that
are not part of major water systems. They have a dynamic
1.4 The guide is organized by habitat type, for example,
ecology, and a wide mixture of animal and plant species. In
small ponds and lakes, rivers and streams, and land. It
northern regions, these water bodies may freeze to the bottom
considers the use of dispersants primarily to protect habitats
and do not sustain a wide variety of aquatic species.
from impact (or to minimize impacts).
4.2 While most of these bodies are naturally occurring and
1.5 This guide applies only to freshwater and other inland
exist throughout the year, some may be man-made. In arid
environments. It does not consider the direct application of
climates, the existence of these bodies may be seasonal.
dispersants to subsurface waters.
4.3 The characteristics of these water bodies are:
1.6 In making dispersant use decisions, appropriate govern-
4.3.1 Open water area of less than 10 hectares,
ment authorities should be consulted as required by law.
4.3.2 Shallow water with a maximum depth of 1 to 1.5 m,
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
4.3.3 Soft bottom with a high organic content,
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
4.3.4 May have alkaline or acidic water,
standard.
4.3.5 No well defined inlet or outlet, and
4.3.6 Poorly defined shoreline consisting of floating mats of
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the
vegetation.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5. Background
5.1 The effects of oil and dispersed oil on these aquatic
environments have been the subject of numerous studies. The
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F20 on Hazardous
Substances and Oil Spill Responseand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
2
F20.13 on Treatment. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved March 1, 2014. Published March 2014. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as F1209 – 08. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/F1209-14. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F1209 − 14
studies have involved both intentional experimental spills and tissue (sedge and willow) have a high recovery potential.
3
studies undertaken during actual spill situations (1-6). Long-term damage to root systems could, however, slow
recovery of the vegetation in impacted areas. This may be of
5.2 Therehavebeenanumberofstudiesontheimpactofoil
less importance in areas with an elevated water table (bog
and oil/dispersant mixtures on microbiological sy
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F1209 − 08 F1209 − 14
Standard Guide for
Ecological Considerations for the Use of Oil Spill
Dispersants in Freshwater and Other Inland Environments,
1
Ponds and Sloughs
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1209; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This guide covers the use of oil spill dispersants to assist in the control of oil spills. The guide is written with the goal of
minimizing the environmental impacts of oil spills; this goal is the basis on which the recommendations are made. Aesthetic and
socioeconomic factors are not considered, although these and other factors are often important in spill response.
1.2 Spill responders have available several means to control or clean up spilled oil. In this guide, the use of dispersants is given
equal consideration with other spill countermeasures. It is not considered as a “last resort” after all other methods have failed.
1.3 This is a general guide only. It assumes the oil to be dispersible and the dispersant to be effective, available, applied
correctly, and in compliance with relevant government regulations. In the assessment of environmental sensitivity, it is assumed
that the dispersant is nonpersistent in the natural environment. Oil, as used in this guide, includes crude oils and refined petroleum
products. Differences between individual dispersants or between different oil products are not considered.
1.4 The guide is organized by habitat type, for example, small ponds and lakes, rivers and streams, and land. It considers the
use of dispersants primarily to protect habitats from impact (or to minimize impacts).
1.5 This guide applies only to freshwater and other inland environments. It does not consider the direct application of
dispersants to subsurface waters.
1.6 In making dispersant use decisions, appropriate government authorities should be consulted as required by law.
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
F2532 Guide for Determining Net Environmental Benefit of Dispersant Use
3. Significance and Use
3.1 This guide is meant to aid local and regional response teams who may use it during spill response planning and spill events.
3.2 This guide should be adapted to site specific circumstance.
4. Environment Covered—Ponds and Sloughs
4.1 Ponds and sloughs are small isolated water bodies that are not part of major water systems. They have a dynamic ecology,
and a wide mixture of animal and plant species. In northern regions, these water bodies may freeze to the bottom and do not sustain
a wide variety of aquatic species.
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F20 on Hazardous Substances and Oil Spill Responseand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F20.13
on Treatment.
Current edition approved March 1, 2008March 1, 2014. Published March 2008March 2014. Originally approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 19992008 as
F1209 – 89 (1999).F1209 – 08. DOI: 10.1520/F1209-08.10.1520/F1209-14.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F1209 − 14
4.2 While most of these bodies are naturally occurring and exist throughout the year, some may be man-made. In arid climates,
the existence of these bodies may be seasonal.
4.3 The characteristics of these water bodies are:
4.3.1 Open water area of less than 10 hectares,
4.3.2 Shallow water with a maximum depth of 1 to 1.5 m,
4.3.3 Soft bottom with a high organic content,
4.3.4 May have alkaline or acidic water,
4.3.5 No well defined inlet or outlet, and
4.3.6 Poorly
...
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