ASTM F1209-08
(Guide)Standard Guide for Ecological Considerations for the Use of Oil Spill Dispersants in Freshwater and Other Inland Environments, Ponds and Sloughs
Standard Guide for Ecological Considerations for the Use of Oil Spill Dispersants in Freshwater and Other Inland Environments, Ponds and Sloughs
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This guide is meant to aid local and regional response teams who may use it during spill response planning and spill events.
This guide should be adapted to site specific circumstance.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers the use of oil spill dispersants to assist in the control of oil spills. The guide is written with the goal of minimizing the environmental impacts of oil spills; this goal is the basis on which the recommendations are made. Aesthetic and socioeconomic factors are not considered, although these and other factors are often important in spill response.
1.2 Spill responders have available several means to control or clean up spilled oil. In this guide, the use of dispersants is given equal consideration with other spill countermeasures. It is not considered as a “last resort” after all other methods have failed.
1.3 This is a general guide only. It assumes the oil to be dispersible and the dispersant to be effective, available, applied correctly, and in compliance with relevant government regulations. In the assessment of environmental sensitivity, it is assumed that the dispersant is nonpersistent in the natural environment. Oil, as used in this guide, includes crude oils and refined petroleum products. Differences between individual dispersants or between different oil products are not considered.
1.4 The guide is organized by habitat type, for example, small ponds and lakes, rivers and streams, and land. It considers the use of dispersants primarily to protect habitats from impact (or to minimize impacts).
1.5 This guide applies only to freshwater and other inland environments. It does not consider the direct application of dispersants to subsurface waters.
1.6 In making dispersant use decisions, appropriate government authorities should be consulted as required by law.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: F1209 − 08
StandardGuide for
Ecological Considerations for the Use of Oil Spill
Dispersants in Freshwater and Other Inland Environments,
1
Ponds and Sloughs
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1209; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
1.1 Thisguidecoverstheuseofoilspilldispersantstoassist
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
in the control of oil spills. The guide is written with the goal of
minimizing the environmental impacts of oil spills; this goal is
2. Referenced Documents
the basis on which the recommendations are made. Aesthetic
2
and socioeconomic factors are not considered, although these
2.1 ASTM Standards:
and other factors are often important in spill response.
F2532 Guide for Determining Net Environmental Benefit of
Dispersant Use
1.2 Spill responders have available several means to control
or clean up spilled oil. In this guide, the use of dispersants is
3. Significance and Use
given equal consideration with other spill countermeasures. It
is not considered as a “last resort” after all other methods have
3.1 This guide is meant to aid local and regional response
failed.
teams who may use it during spill response planning and spill
events.
1.3 This is a general guide only. It assumes the oil to be
dispersible and the dispersant to be effective, available, applied
3.2 This guide should be adapted to site specific circum-
correctly, and in compliance with relevant government regula-
stance.
tions. In the assessment of environmental sensitivity, it is
assumed that the dispersant is nonpersistent in the natural
4. Environment Covered—Ponds and Sloughs
environment. Oil, as used in this guide, includes crude oils and
4.1 Ponds and sloughs are small isolated water bodies that
refined petroleum products. Differences between individual
are not part of major water systems. They have a dynamic
dispersants or between different oil products are not consid-
ecology, and a wide mixture of animal and plant species. In
ered.
northern regions, these water bodies may freeze to the bottom
1.4 The guide is organized by habitat type, for example,
and do not sustain a wide variety of aquatic species.
small ponds and lakes, rivers and streams, and land. It
4.2 While most of these bodies are naturally occurring and
considers the use of dispersants primarily to protect habitats
exist throughout the year, some may be man-made. In arid
from impact (or to minimize impacts).
climates, the existence of these bodies may be seasonal.
1.5 This guide applies only to freshwater and other inland
4.3 The characteristics of these water bodies are:
environments. It does not consider the direct application of
4.3.1 Open water area of less than 10 hectares,
dispersants to subsurface waters.
4.3.2 Shallow water with a maximum depth of 1 to 1.5 m,
1.6 In making dispersant use decisions, appropriate govern-
4.3.3 Soft bottom with a high organic content,
ment authorities should be consulted as required by law.
4.3.4 May have alkaline or acidic water,
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.3.5 No well defined inlet or outlet, and
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.3.6 Poorly defined shoreline consisting of floating mats of
vegetation.
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F20 on Hazardous
Substances and Oil Spill Responseand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
2
F20.13 on Treatment. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved March 1, 2008. Published March 2008. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as F1209 – 89 (1999). Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI: 10.1520/F1209-08. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F1209 − 08
5. Background plants that grow from rhizomes or healthy portions of aerial
tissue (sedge and willow) have a high recovery potential.
5.1 The effects of oil and dispersed oil on these aquatic
Long-term damage to root systems could, however, slow
environments have been the subject of numerous studies. The
recovery of the vegetation in impacted areas. This may be of
studies have involved both intentional experi
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:F1209–89(Reapproved 2007) Designation:F1209–08
Standard Guide for
Ecological Considerations for the Use of OilspillOil Spill
Dispersants in Freshwater and Other Inland Environments,
1
Ponds and Sloughs
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1209; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This guide covers the use of oil spill dispersants to assist in the control of oil spills. The guide is written with the goal of
minimizing the environmental impacts of oil spills; this goal is the basis on which the recommendations are made. Aesthetic and
socio-economic factors are not considered, although these and other factors are often important in spill response.
1.2 Spill responders have available several means to control or clean-upclean up spilled oil. In this guide, the use of dispersants
is given equal consideration with other spill countermeasures. It is not considered as a “last resort” after all other methods have
failed.
1.3 This is a general guide only. It assumes the oil to be dispersible and the dispersant to be effective, available, applied
correctly, and in compliance with relevant government regulations. In the assessment of environmental sensitivity, it is assumed
that the dispersant is nonpersistent in the natural environment. Oil, as used in this guide, includes crude oils and refined petroleum
products. Differences between individual dispersants or between different oil products are not considered.
1.4 The guide is organized by habitat type, for example, small ponds and lakes, rivers and streams, and land. It considers the
use of dispersants primarily to protect habitats from impact (or to minimize impacts) and to clean them after a spill takes place.
impacts).
1.5 This guide applies only to freshwater and other inland environments. It does not consider the direct application of
dispersants to subsurface waters.
1.6 In making dispersant use decisions, appropriate government authorities should be consulted as required by law.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Significance and Use
2.1This guide is meant to aid local and regional response teams who may use it during spill response planning and spill events.
2.2This guide should be adapted to site specific circumstance. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
F 2532 Guide for Determining Net Environmental Benefit of Dispersant Use
3. Environment Covered—Ponds and Sloughs
3.1Ponds and sloughs are small isolated water bodies that are not part of major water systems. They have a dynamic ecology,
andawidemixtureofanimalandplantspecies.Innorthernregions,thesewaterbodiesmayfreezetothebottomanddonotsustain
a wide variety of aquatic species.
3.2While most of these bodies are naturally occurring and exist throughout the year, some may be man-made. In arid climates,
the existence of these bodies may be seasonal.
3.3The characteristics of these water bodies are:
3.3.1Open water area of less than 10 hectares,
3.3.2Shallow water with a maximum depth of 1 to 1.5 m,
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F20 on Hazardous Substances and Oil Spill Response and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F20.13
on Treatment.
Current edition approved Nov. 15, 2007.March 1, 2008. Published November 2007.March 2008. Originally approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as
F 1209 – 89 (1999).
2
The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end of this guide.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book ofASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F1209–08
3.3.3Soft bottom with a high organic content,
3.3.4May have alkaline or acidic water,
3.3.5No well defined inlet or outlet, and
3.3.6Poorly defined shoreline consist
...
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