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ASTM D5386-16

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Color of Liquids Using Tristimulus Colorimetry

Standard Test Method for Color of Liquids Using Tristimulus Colorimetry

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The primary objective of the visual method of Pt-Co color measurement, as defined in Test Method D8005, is to rate specific materials for yellowness. This yellowness is frequently the result of the undesirable tendency of liquid hydrocarbons to absorb blue light due to contamination in processing, storage or shipping.  
4.2 Clear liquids can be rated for light absorbing yellowish or brownish contaminants using scales that simulate the long-established visual-comparison method.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers an instrumental method for the CIE (Commission International de l’Eclairage) tristimulus measurement of the color of near-clear liquid samples. The transmission measurement values are converted to the color scale in the platinum-cobalt (Pt-Co) system.  
1.2 This test method has been found applicable to the color measurement of clear, liquid samples, free of haze, with nominal Pt-Co color values in the 0 to 100 range. It is applicable to non-fluorescent liquids with light absorption characteristics similar to those of the Pt-Co color standard solutions.  
1.3 The tristimulus colorimetry may be calculated from spectral measurements or be obtained directly from a colorimeter. Practice E1455 provides some guidance on colorimeters, while Test Methods D1686 and D2108 deal with the visual and instrumental measurement of near-clear liquids.  
1.4 In determining the conformance of the test results using this method to applicable specifications, results shall be rounded in accordance with the rounding off methods of Practice E29.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 8.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
30-Nov-2016
ICS
71.080.01 - Organic chemicals in general
Technical Committee
D16 - Aromatic, Industrial, Specialty and Related Chemicals
Drafting Committee
D16.04 - Instrumental Analysis
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Refers
ASTM E313-15 - Standard Practice for Calculating Yellowness and Whiteness Indices from Instrumentally Measured Color Coordinates
Effective Date
01-Jan-2015
Refers
ASTM E308-15 - Standard Practice for Computing the Colors of Objects by Using the CIE System
Effective Date
01-Apr-2015
Refers
ASTM D8005-15 - Standard Test Method for Color of Clear Liquids (Platinum-Cobalt Scale)
Effective Date
01-Jun-2015
Refers
ASTM E1455-16 - Standard Practice for Obtaining Colorimetric Data from a Visual Display Unit Using Tristimulus Colorimeters
Effective Date
01-Jul-2016
Refers
ASTM E308-17 - Standard Practice for Computing the Colors of Objects by Using the CIE System
Effective Date
01-May-2017
Refers
ASTM D2108-10(2020) - Standard Test Method for Color of Halogenated Organic Solvents and Their Admixtures (Platinum-Cobalt Scale)
Effective Date
01-Jan-2020
Refers
ASTM D6809-02(2016) - Standard Guide for Quality Control and Quality Assurance Procedures for Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Related Materials
Effective Date
01-Nov-2016
Refers
ASTM D2108-10(2015) - Standard Test Method for Color of Halogenated Organic Solvents and Their Admixtures (Platinum-Cobalt Scale)
Effective Date
01-Jun-2015

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Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D5386 − 16
Standard Test Method for
1
Color of Liquids Using Tristimulus Colorimetry
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5386; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This test method covers an instrumental method for the
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
CIE (Commission International de l’Eclairage) tristimulus
D1686 Test Method for Color of Solid Aromatic Hydrocar-
measurement of the color of near-clear liquid samples. The
bons and Related Materials in the Molten State (Platinum-
transmission measurement values are converted to the color
Cobalt Scale)
scale in the platinum-cobalt (Pt-Co) system.
D2108 Test Method for Color of Halogenated Organic
1.2 This test method has been found applicable to the color
Solvents and Their Admixtures (Platinum-Cobalt Scale)
measurement of clear, liquid samples, free of haze, with
D3437 Practice for Sampling and Handling Liquid Cyclic
nominal Pt-Co color values in the 0 to 100 range. It is Products
applicable to non-fluorescent liquids with light absorption D6809 Guide for Quality Control and Quality Assurance
Procedures for Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Related Ma-
characteristics similar to those of the Pt-Co color standard
terials
solutions.
D8005 Test Method for Color of Clear Liquids (Platinum-
1.3 The tristimulus colorimetry may be calculated from
Cobalt Scale)
spectral measurements or be obtained directly from a colorim-
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
eter. Practice E1455 provides some guidance on colorimeters,
Determine Conformance with Specifications
whileTest Methods D1686 and D2108 deal with the visual and
E179 Guide for Selection of Geometric Conditions for
instrumental measurement of near-clear liquids.
Measurement of Reflection and Transmission Properties
of Materials
1.4 In determining the conformance of the test results using
E308 PracticeforComputingtheColorsofObjectsbyUsing
this method to applicable specifications, results shall be
the CIE System
rounded in accordance with the rounding off methods of
E313 Practice for Calculating Yellowness and Whiteness
Practice E29.
Indices from Instrumentally Measured Color Coordinates
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
standard. E1455 Practice for Obtaining Colorimetric Data from a
Visual Display Unit Using Tristimulus Colorimeters
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
2.2 Other Document:
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
OSHA Regulations, 29 CFR paragraphs 1910.1000 and
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3
1910.1200
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard
3. Summary of Test Method
statements, see Section 8.
3.1 The color of a liquid sample is measured as the
difference between the tristimulus values for the light trans-
mitted through the sample minus the tristimulus values for the
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D16 on contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Related Chemicals and is the direct responsibility of Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Subcommittee D16.04 on Instrumental Analysis. the ASTM website.
3
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2016. Published January 2017. Originally AvailablefromU.S.GovernmentPrintingOfficeSuperintendentofDocuments,
approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D5386 – 10. DOI: 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http://
10.1520/D5386-16. www.access.gpo.gov.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5386 − 16
light transmitted through the same path length of water 6.4 Hydrochloric Acid (sp gr 1.19)—Concentrated hydro-
(Specification D1193, Type IV). The difference between the chloric acid (HCl).
tristimulus values are used to calculate the color on the Pt-Co
6.5 Potassium Chloroplatinate, (K
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5386 − 10 D5386 − 16
Standard Test Method for
1
Color of Liquids Using Tristimulus Colorimetry
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5386; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*Scope
1.1 This test method covers an instrumental method for the CIE (Commission International de l’Eclairage)l’Eclairage)
tristimulus measurement of the color of near-clear liquid samples. The transmission measurement is values are converted to the
color ratingsscale in the platinum-cobalt (Pt-Co) system.
1.2 This test method has been found applicable to the color measurement of clear, liquid samples, free of haze, with nominal
platinum cobalt Pt-Co color values in the 0 to 100 range. It is applicable to nonfluorescentnon-fluorescent liquids with light
absorption characteristics similar to those of the platinum cobalt Pt-Co color standard solutions. Test Methods D1686, D2108, and
E450 deal with the visual and instrumental measurement of near-clear liquids.
1.3 The tristimulus colorimetry may be calculated from spectral measurements or be obtained directly from a colorimeter.
Practice E1455 provides some guidance on colorimeters, while Test Methods D1686 and D2108 deal with the visual and
instrumental measurement of near-clear liquids.
1.4 In determining the conformance of the test results using this method to applicable specifications, results shall be rounded
in accordance with the rounding off methods of Practice E29.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 8.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D1209 Test Method for Color of Clear Liquids (Platinum-Cobalt Scale)
D1686 Test Method for Color of Solid Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Related Materials in the Molten State (Platinum-Cobalt
Scale)
D2108 Test Method for Color of Halogenated Organic Solvents and Their Admixtures (Platinum-Cobalt Scale)
D3437 Practice for Sampling and Handling Liquid Cyclic Products
D6809 Guide for Quality Control and Quality Assurance Procedures for Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Related Materials
D8005 Test Method for Color of Clear Liquids (Platinum-Cobalt Scale)
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
E179 Guide for Selection of Geometric Conditions for Measurement of Reflection and Transmission Properties of Materials
E308 Practice for Computing the Colors of Objects by Using the CIE System
E313 Practice for Calculating Yellowness and Whiteness Indices from Instrumentally Measured Color Coordinates
E450 Test Method for Measurement of Color of Low-Colored Clear Liquids Using the Hunterlab Color Difference Meter
3
(Withdrawn 1993)
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
E1455 Practice for Obtaining Colorimetric Data from a Visual Display Unit Using Tristimulus Colorimeters
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D16 on Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Related Chemicals and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D16.04 on Instrumental Analysis.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2010Dec. 1, 2016. Published January 2010January 2017. Originally approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 20052010 as
D5386 – 05.D5386 – 10. DOI: 10.1520/D5386-10.10.1520/D5386-16.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5386 − 16
2.2 Other Document:
3
OSHA Regulations, 29 CFR paragraphs 1910.1000 and 1910.1200
3. Summary of T
...

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ASTM
ASTM E659-15(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Autoignition Temperature of Chemicals

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Autoignition, by its very nature, is dependent on the chemical and physical properties of the material and the method and apparatus employed for its determination. The autoignition temperature by a given method does not necessarily represent the minimum temperature at which a given material will self-ignite in air. The volume of the vessel used is particularly important since lower autoignition temperatures will be achieved in larger vessels. (See Appendix X2.) Vessel material can also be an important factor.  
5.2 The temperatures determined by this test method are those at which air oxidation leads to ignition. These temperatures can be expected to vary with the test pressure and oxygen concentration.  
5.3 This test method is not designed for evaluating materials which are capable of exothermic decomposition. For such materials, ignition is dependent upon the thermal and kinetic properties of the decomposition, the mass of the sample, and the heat transfer characteristics of the system.  
5.4 This test method can be employed for solid chemicals which melt and vaporize or which readily sublime at the test temperature. No condensed phase, liquid or solid, should be present when ignition occurs.  
5.5 This test method is not designed to measure the autoignition temperature of materials which are solids or liquids at the test temperature (for example, wood, paper, cotton, plastics, and high-boiling point chemicals). Such materials will thermally degrade in the flask and the accumulated degradation products may ignite.  
5.6 This test method can be used, with appropriate modifications, for chemicals that are gaseous at atmospheric temperature and pressure.  
5.7 This test method was developed primarily for liquid chemicals but has been employed to test readily vaporized solids. Responsibility for extension of this test method to solids of unknown thermal stability, boiling point, or degradation characteristics rests with the operator.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of hot- and cool-flame autoignition temperatures of a liquid chemical in air at atmospheric pressure in a uniformly heated vessel.  
Note 1: Within certain limitations, this test method can also be used to determine the autoignition temperature of solid chemicals which readily melt and vaporize at temperatures below the test temperature and for chemicals that are gaseous at atmospheric pressure and temperature.
Note 2: After a round robin study, Test Method D2155 was discontinued, and replaced by Test Method E659 in 1978. See also Appendix X2.  
1.2 This standard should be used to measure and describe the properties of materials, products, or assemblies in response to heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions and should not be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard or fire risk of materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions. However, results of this test may be used as elements of a fire risk assessment which takes into account all of the factors which are pertinent to an assessment of the fire hazard of a particular end use.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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