ASTM F3232/F3232M-23a
(Specification)Standard Specification for Flight Controls in Small Aircraft
Standard Specification for Flight Controls in Small Aircraft
ABSTRACT
This specification applies to the flight control aspects of airworthiness and design for "small" aircraft. It establishes the Aircraft Type Code (ATC) compliance matrix based on airworthiness level, number of engines, type of engine(s), stall speed, cruise speed, meteorological conditions, altitude, and maneuvers. An ATC is defined by taking into account both the technical considerations regarding the design of the aircraft and the airworthiness level established based upon risk-based criteria. The requirements established by this specification for manual flight control cover control surface installation, operation and arrangement, control system stops, trim systems, control system locks, limit load static tests, operation tests, control system details, spring devices, cable systems, wing flap controls, wing flap position, and flap interconnection. Requirements for automatic flight control cover automatic pilot systems, stability augmentation, and artificial stall barrier system.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers international standards for the flight control aspects of airworthiness and design for “small” aircraft.
1.2 The applicant for a design approval must seek the individual guidance of their respective CAA body concerning the use of this specification as part of a certification plan. For information on which CAA regulatory bodies have accepted this specification (in whole or in part) as a means of compliance to their Small Aircraft Airworthiness regulations (hereinafter referred to as “the Rules”), refer to ASTM F44 webpage (www.ASTM.org/COMMITTEE/F44.htm) which includes CAA website links. Annex A1 maps the Means of Compliance described in this Standard to EASA CS 23, amendment 5, or later, and FAA 14 CFR 23, amendment 64, or later.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F3232/F3232M − 23a
Standard Specification for
1
Flight Controls in Small Aircraft
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3232/F3232M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope for use is indicated. In all cases later document revisions are
acceptable if shown to be equivalent to the listed revision, or if
1.1 This specification covers international standards for the
otherwise formally accepted by the governing civil aviation
flight control aspects of airworthiness and design for “small”
authority; earlier revisions are not acceptable.
aircraft.
2
2.2 ASTM Standards:
1.2 The applicant for a design approval must seek the
F3060 Terminology for Aircraft
individual guidance of their respective CAA body concerning
F3061/F3061M Specification for Systems and Equipment in
the use of this specification as part of a certification plan. For
Aircraft
information on which CAA regulatory bodies have accepted
F3116/F3116M Specification for Design Loads and Condi-
this specification (in whole or in part) as a means of compli-
tions
ance to their Small Aircraft Airworthiness regulations (herein-
F3117/F3117M Specification for Crew Interface in Aircraft
after referred to as “the Rules”), refer to ASTM F44 webpage
F3173/F3173M Specification for Aircraft Handling Charac-
(www.ASTM.org/COMMITTEE/F44.htm) which includes
teristics
CAA website links. Annex A1 maps the Means of Compliance
F3180/F3180M Specification for Low-Speed Flight Charac-
described in this Standard to EASA CS 23, amendment 5, or
teristics of Aircraft
later, and FAA 14 CFR 23, amendment 64, or later.
F3230 Practice for Safety Assessment of Systems and
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
Equipment in Small Aircraft
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
2.3 Other Standards:
each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to
FAA-S-ACS Private Pilot - Airplane Airman Certification
ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be
3
Standards
used independently of the other, and values from the two
RTCA/DO-335 Guidance for Installation of Automatic
systems shall not be combined.
Flight Guidance and Control Systems (AFGCS) for Part
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the 4
23 Airplanes
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3. Terminology
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
3.1 Terminology specific to this specification is provided
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
below. For general terminology, refer to Terminology F3060.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.2.1 aircraft type code, n—an Aircraft Type Code (ATC) is
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
defined by considering both the technical considerations re-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
garding the design of the aircraft and the aeroplane certification
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
level established based upon risk-based criteria; the method of
defining an ATC applicable to this specification is defined in
2. Referenced Documents
Specification F3061/F3061M.
2.1 Following is a list of external standards referenced
throughout this specification; the earliest revision acceptable
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F44 on General Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Aviation Aircraft and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F44.50 on the ASTM website.
3
Systems and Equipment. Available from Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), 800 Independence
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2023. Published November 2023. Originally Ave., SW, Washington, DC 20591, http://www.faa.gov.
4
approved in 2017. Last previous edition approved in 2023 as F3232/F3232M – 23. Available from RTCA, Inc., 1150 18th St., NW, Suite 910, Washington, DC
DOI: 10.1520/F3232_F3232M-23A. 20036, http://www.rtca.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C70
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F3232/F3232M − 23 F3232/F3232M − 23a
Standard Specification for
1
Flight Controls in Small Aircraft
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3232/F3232M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers international standards for the flight control aspects of airworthiness and design for “small” aircraft.
1.2 The applicant for a design approval must seek the individual guidance of their respective CAA body concerning the use of
this specification as part of a certification plan. For information on which CAA regulatory bodies have accepted this specification
(in whole or in part) as a means of compliance to their Small Aircraft Airworthiness regulations (hereinafter referred to as “the
Rules”), refer to ASTM F44 webpage (www.ASTM.org/COMMITTEE/F44.htm) which includes CAA website links. Annex A1
maps the Means of Compliance described in this Standard to EASA CS 23, amendment 5, or later, and FAA 14 CFR 23,
amendment 64, or later.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used
independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 Following is a list of external standards referenced throughout this specification; the earliest revision acceptable for use is
indicated. In all cases later document revisions are acceptable if shown to be equivalent to the listed revision, or if otherwise
formally accepted by the governing civil aviation authority; earlier revisions are not acceptable.
2
2.2 ASTM Standards:
F3060 Terminology for Aircraft
F3061/F3061M Specification for Systems and Equipment in Aircraft
F3116/F3116M Specification for Design Loads and Conditions
F3117/F3117M Specification for Crew Interface in Aircraft
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F44 on General Aviation Aircraft and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F44.50 on Systems
and Equipment.
Current edition approved May 1, 2023Oct. 1, 2023. Published May 2023November 2023. Originally approved in 2017. Last previous edition approved in 20202023 as
F3232/F3232M – 20.F3232/F3232M – 23. DOI: 10.1520/F3232_F3232M-23.10.1520/F3232_F3232M-23A.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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F3232/F3232M − 23a
F3173/F3173M Specification for Aircraft Handling Characteristics
F3180/F3180M Specification for Low-Speed Flight Characteristics of Aircraft
F3230 Practice for Safety Assessment of Systems and Equipment in Small Aircraft
2.3 Other Standards:
3
FAA-S-ACS Private Pilot - Airplane Airman Certification Standards
4
RTCA/DO-335 Guidance for Installation of Automatic Flight Guidance and Control Systems (AFGCS) for Part 23 Airplanes
3. Terminology
3.1 Terminology specific to this specification is provided below. For general terminology, refer to Terminology F3060.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 aircraft type code, n—an Aircraft Type Code (ATC) is defined by considering both the technical considerations regarding
the design of the aircraft and the aeroplane certification level established based upon risk-based criteria; the method of d
...
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