ASTM D2462-13

Standard Test Method for Moisture in Wool by Distillation With Toluene (Withdrawn 2022)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Test Method D2462 for testing for moisture in wool is considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments since current estimates of between-laboratory precision are acceptable.  
5.1.1 In case of a dispute arising from differences in reported test results when using Test Method D2462 for acceptance testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and the supplier should conduct comparative testing to determine if there is a statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of the bias. As a minimum, the two parties should take a group of test specimens that are as homogenous as possible and that are from a lot of the type material in question. The test specimens should be assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The average results from the two laboratories should be compared using Student's t-Test for unpaired data and an acceptance probability level chosen by the two parties before the test is begun. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected or the purchaser and the supplier must agree to interpret future test results in light of the known bias.  
5.2 This test method is the preferred method for all suitable samples of wool where it is important to obtain a result free from the possible biases, introduced by the conditions discussed in 5.3 and 5.4.  
5.3 This test method is free from the interferences caused by different conditions of ambient atmosphere such as might affect the results of oven-drying. A slight amount of residual moisture may be retained in a specimen subjected to oven-drying because of the relative humidity of the ambient air; however, the amount of moisture retained may be estimated from published data.4  
5.4 This test method is free from the interference caused by nonaqueous volatile material. Such material, when present, is erroneously measured as moisture by oven-drying methods, the extent of the error depending ...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the amount of moisture present in grease wool, scoured wool, carded wool, garnetted wool, wool top and intermediate wool products, and rovings, by distillation with toluene.  
1.2 Equations are given for calculating the amount of water present as moisture content (as-received basis) and moisture regain (dry fiber) basis. The term that corresponds to the basis used in the calculation and report must always be stated.  
1.3 This test method is not applicable to material known to contain any steam-distillable, water-soluble matter. If it is suspected that such matter is present, the method should be used with caution.  
1.4 Xylene or other solvents should not be substituted for toluene as no other solvents have been evaluated for use in this standard. Note 1—The determination of moisture in wool by oven-drying is covered in Test Method D1576 and for textile materials in general in Test Methods D2654. A method for sampling wool for the determination of moisture in wool is covered in Practice D2525.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific safety hazard statements, see Section 8.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Jun-2013
• ICS: 59.060.10 - Natural fibres
• Technical Committee: D13 - Textiles
• Drafting Committee: D13.13 - Wool and Felt

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D2462 − 13
Standard Test Method for
1
Moisture in Wool by Distillation With Toluene
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2462; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing Textiles
D2258 Practice for Sampling Yarn for Testing
1.1 Thistestmethodcoversthedeterminationoftheamount
D2525 Practice for Sampling Wool for Moisture
ofmoisturepresentingreasewool,scouredwool,cardedwool,
D2654 Test Method for Moisture in Textiles (Withdrawn
garnetted wool, wool top and intermediate wool products, and
3
1998)
rovings, by distillation with toluene.
D3333 Practice for Sampling Manufactured Staple Fibers,
1.2 Equations are given for calculating the amount of water
Sliver, or Tow for Testing
present as moisture content (as-received basis) and moisture
D4845 Terminology Relating to Wool
regain (dry fiber) basis. The term that corresponds to the basis
E123 SpecificationforApparatusforDeterminationofWater
used in the calculation and report must always be stated.
by Distillation
1.3 This test method is not applicable to material known to
3. Terminology
contain any steam-distillable, water-soluble matter. If it is
suspected that such matter is present, the method should be
3.1 For all terminology related to D13.13, Wool and Felt,
used with caution.
see Terminology D4845.
3.1.1 The following terms are relevant to this standard:
1.4 Xylene or other solvents should not be substituted for
grease wool, moisture content, moisture-free, moisture regain,
toluene as no other solvents have been evaluated for use in this
oven-dried, pulled wool, raw wool, recycled wool, as defined
standard.
in the Wool Products Labeling Act as amended in 1980,
NOTE 1—The determination of moisture in wool by oven-drying is
scoured wool, virgin wool, wool, wool, as defined in the Wood
covered in Test Method D1576 and for textile materials in general in Test
Products Labeling Act of 1939.
Methods D2654. A method for sampling wool for the determination of
moisture in wool is covered in Practice D2525.
3.2 FordefinitionsofallothertextiletermsseeTerminology
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
D123.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4. Summary of Test Method
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4.1 Asample or specimen of wool or material made of wool
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific safety
is weighed, then stabilized in the laboratory atmosphere in
hazard statements, see Section 8.
which the specimen is prepared, and reweighed.Any resulting
change in mass is used to calculate the original moisture
2. Referenced Documents
contentofthesampleorspecimenfromtheresultsobservedon
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
the stabilized specimen.
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
4.2 The specimen is immersed in water-saturated toluene
D1060 PracticeforCoreSamplingofRawWoolinPackages
which is then heated, the distilled water vapor and solvent
for Determination of Percentage of Clean Wool Fiber
vapor are condensed and collected in a graduated trap, wherein
Present
the water separates and settles to the bottom. After cooling in
D1576 Test Method for Moisture in Wool by Oven-Drying
a water bath to achieve a specified temperature, the volume of
water collected in the trap is read from the graduated trap and
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D13 on Textiles
converted to its equivalent weight.
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.13 on Wool and Felt.
4.3 Results are calculated as percent moisture content or
Current edition approved July 1, 2013. Published August 2013. Originally
approved in 1966. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D2462 – 90 (2008).
percent moisture regain using the appropriate equation.
DOI: 10.1520/D2462-13.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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D2462 − 13
5. Significance and Use stabilizing the sample(s) in the laboratory atmosphere so that,
during the time necessary for selecting, weighing, and trans-
5.1 Test Method
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D2462 − 90 (Reapproved 2008) D2462 − 13
Standard Test Method for
1
Moisture in Wool by Distillation With Toluene
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2462; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the amount of moisture present in grease wool, scoured wool, carded wool,
garnetted wool, wool top and intermediate wool products, and rovings, by distillation with toluene.
1.2 Equations are given for calculating the amount of water present as moisture content (as-received basis) and moisture regain
(dry fiber) basis. The term that corresponds to the basis used in the calculation and report must always be stated.
1.3 This test method is not applicable to material known to contain any steam-distillable, water-soluble matter. If it is suspected
that such matter is present, the method should be used with caution.
1.4 Xylene or other solvents should not be substituted for toluene as no other solvents have been evaluated for use in this
standard.
NOTE 1—The determination of moisture in wool by oven-drying is covered in Test Method D1576 and for textile materials in general in Test Methods
D2654. A method for sampling wool for the determination of moisture in wool is covered in Practice D2525.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. For specific safety hazard statements, see Section 8.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
D1060 Practice for Core Sampling of Raw Wool in Packages for Determination of Percentage of Clean Wool Fiber Present
D1576 Test Method for Moisture in Wool by Oven-Drying
D1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing Textiles
D2258 Practice for Sampling Yarn for Testing
D2525 Practice for Sampling Wool for Moisture
3
D2654 Test Method for Moisture in Textiles (Withdrawn 1998)
D3333 Practice for Sampling Manufactured Staple Fibers, Sliver, or Tow for Testing
D4845 Terminology Relating to Wool
E123 Specification for Apparatus for Determination of Water by Distillation
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 grease wool, n.—wool taken from the living sheep and which has not been commercially scoured.
3.1.2 moisture content, n.—the amount of moisture in a material determined under prescribed conditions and expressed as a
percentage of the mass of the moist material, that is, the original mass comprising the oven-dried substance plus any moisture
present.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on Textiles and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.13 on Wool and Felt.
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2008July 1, 2013. Published October 2008August 2013. Originally approved in 1966. Last previous edition approved in 20012008 as
D2462 – 90 (2001).(2008). DOI: 10.1520/D2462-90R08.10.1520/D2462-13.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
3.1.2.1 Discussion—
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D2462 − 13
The term “mass” is the correct designation for the property commonly designated as “weight.” A slight amount of residual moisture
may not be removed from a specimen subjected to oven drying because of the relative humidity of the ambient air. The amount
of moisture retained by a specimen may be estimated from published data. There may also be a slight additional loss in mass caused
by the evaporation of volatile material other than water, the amount depending on the characteristics of any added oils or
emulsions.
3.1.3 moisture-free, adj.—the condition of a material that has been exposed in an atmosphere of desiccated air until there is no
further significant change in its mass (see Discussion und
...