ASTM D2096-00(2005)e1

Standard Test Method for Colorfastness and Transfer of Color in the Washing of Leather

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The procedure is intended, primarily to evaluate the ability of a leather specimen to withstand fixed, and rather strenuous, laundering conditions. This test is not intended as a recommended washing procedure, neither household nor commercial. Although this test concerns itself with colorfastness and transfer of color during washing, the washed leather specimens are available also for comparing other properties (that is, tensile strength, area change, change in outline, etc.) with those of unwashed samples.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the colorfastness of colored leathers, with or without a surface coating. The leathers to be tested are of the type normally expected to withstand frequent laundering. This test method also covers the simultaneous staining of adjacent textile materials when the leather specimens are washed. This test method does not apply to wet blue. Two procedures are covered depending on the apparatus used:  
1.1.1  Procedure A , using the Launder-Ometer and  
1.1.2 Procedure B , using an alternative washing machine.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values stated in parentheses are provided for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Aug-2005
• ICS: 59.140.30 - Leather and furs
• Technical Committee: D31 - Leather
• Drafting Committee: D31.04 - Apparel

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D2096-00(2005) - Standard Test Method for Colorfastness and Transfer of Color in the Washing of Leather
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2005
• Replaced By: ASTM D2096-00(2010) - Standard Test Method for Colorfastness and Transfer of Color in the Washing of Leather
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2010

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
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Designation:D2096–00(Reapproved2005)
Standard Test Method for
Colorfastness and Transfer of Color in the Washing of
Leather
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2096; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
´ NOTE—Adjunct references were corrected editorially in April 2006.
1. Scope 2.2 ISO Standard:
ISO R105/I, Part 2 Gray Scale for Evaluating Change in
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the color-
Color
fastness of colored leathers, with or without a surface coating.
ISO R105/I, Part 3 Gray Scale for Evaluating Staining
The leathers to be tested are of the type normally expected to
2.3 ASTM Adjunct:
withstandfrequentlaundering.Thistestmethodalsocoversthe
Leather washing apparatus (1 drawing)
simultaneous staining of adjacent textile materials when the
leather specimens are washed. This test method does not apply
3. Summary of Test Method
to wet blue. Two procedures are covered depending on the
3.1 Three leather specimens 50 by 80 mm (approximately 2
apparatus used:
by 3 in.), and one piece of multifiber test fabric of nearly equal
1.1.1 Procedure A, using the Launder-Ometer, and
size are washed together in soapy water at 120°F (49°C).After
1.1.2 Procedure B, using an alternative washing machine.
⁄2 h of washing, the leather specimens and cloth are removed
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
and rinsed carefully in running water at about 95°F (35°C).
as the standard. The values stated in parentheses are provided
One leather specimen and the test cloth are removed and
for information only.
air-dried. A new piece of test cloth is added to the remaining
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
twoleatherspecimensandthesearewashed,asabove,for ⁄2h.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Therinsingisrepeated;againoneleatherspecimenandthetest
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
cloth are removed for drying. The remaining leather specimen,
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
with a new piece of test cloth, is washed again for ⁄2 h. This
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
final leather specimen and test cloth are then rinsed and dried
2. Referenced Documents as above. When dry, the color of the washed leather specimens
3 is rated by comparing it with an unwashed piece of leather.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Transfer of color to the test fabric is rated by comparison with
D499 Specification for White Floating Toilet Soap
an unwashed piece of test fabric. These comparisons are made
with the aid of the proper Gray Scale. All ratings are made on
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D31 on Leather
dry test specimens.
andisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD31.04onApparelThistestmethod
was developed in cooperation with the American Leather Chemists Assn.
Current edition approved April 4, 2006. Published September 2005. Originally
approved in 1962 as D2096 – 62T. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as
D2096 – 00. DOI: 10.1520/D2096-00R05E01.
The Launder-Ometer and its development are described in the American
DyestuffReporter, Oct. 29, 1928, p. 679. It is described also in the currentTechnical
Manual of the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists. The
Launder-Ometer is manufactured by Atlas Electric Devices Co., 4114 N. Raven-
swood Ave., Chicago, IL 60613; telephone: [phone]; fax: [phone].
Such an apparatus is illustrated in Figs. 3, 4, and 5.
3 4
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on DetaileddrawingsforsuchanapparatusareavailablefromASTMInternational
the ASTM website. Headquarters. Order Adjunct ADJD2096. Original adjunct produced in 1962.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D2096–00 (2005)
FIG. 1 Washing Machine, Heated Air Bath (Procedure B)
4. Significance and Use 5.3 Balls, type 316 stainless steel, ⁄4-in. (6.4-mm) diameter,
20 per specimen container.
4.1 The procedure is intended, primarily to evaluate the
5.4 Test Cloth, multifiber, 50 by 80 mm, three pieces per
ability of a leather specimen to withstand fixed, and rather
test.
strenuous, laundering conditions. This test is not intended as a
recommended washing procedure, neither household nor com-
NOTE 2—Multifibertestfabricsareavailablein6-fibercloth,containing
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mercial. Although this test concerns itself with colorfastness
filling strips of wool, Orlon, Dacron, nylon-66, bleached cotton, and
acetate, assembled in 2-in. (50-mm) repeats. Tests may be run with any
and transfer of color during washing, the washed leather
test fabric of special interest and reported accordingly.
specimens are available also for comparing other properties
(that is, tensile strength, area change, change in outline, etc.) 5.5 Gray Scales, consisting of the following:
with those of unwashed samples.
5.5.1 ISO R105/I, Part 2, British, for assessing the effect in
fastness testing, and
5. Apparatus
5.5.2 ISOR105/I,Part3,British,fordeterminingthedegree
of staining in fastness testing.
5.1 Washing Machine—A Launder-Ometer, or an assembly
of apparatus capable of similar test conditions (Note 1). In
6. Reagent
either machine, 1-pt (500-mL) specimen containers are held
with their bases toward a horizontal shaft and 2-in. (50 mm) 6.1 Mild Soap Solution, 0.5 %, such as made from a white,
out from its center of rotation. Speed of rotation shall be 40 to floating, toilet soap (Specification D499). The solution shall be
45 rpm. Provision shall be made for maintaining the initial
temperature of the specimen containers throughout the test.
The sole source of supply of the test cloth known to the committee at this time
Additional agitation shall be provided by ⁄4-in. (6.4 mm)
is Testfabrics, Inc., 200 Blackford Ave., P.O. Box 420, Middlesex, NJ 08846-0420;
stainless steel balls in the specimen containers.
telephone: [phone]; fax: [phone]. If you are aware of alternative
suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM Headquarters. Your comments
NOTE 1—A motor-driven assembly, designed to hold 1-pt (500-mL)
will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical
specimen containers so that they are relative to the axis of the motor shaft
committee, which you may attend.
in the same way as in the Launder-Ometer, can be used. The entire
Trademark of E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co.
assembly, fitted with specimen containers, shall be turned at 40 to 45 rpm 8
These scales and their use are described in the 1989 Technical Manual of the
inside a simple boxlike container which is heated at 120°F (49°C) with
American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists. Additional references on
thermostatic control. Thus, heat loss from the preheated contents of the
the use of Gray Scales in leather washing tests are as follows:
specimen containers is held at a minimum during the 30-min washing Journal, JSLTC, Society Leather Trades Chemists, Vol 43, 1959, pp. 117
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