ASTM B898-99

Standard Specification for Reactive and Refractory Metal Clad Plate

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers plate consisting of a base metal to which is bonded, integrally and continuously, on one or both sides a layer of one of the following: titanium, zirconium, tantalum, niobium, and their alloys. The material generally is intended for pressure vessel use.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses and in metric tables are provided for information only.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-May-1999
• ICS: 77.150.50 - Titanium products
• Technical Committee: B10 - Reactive and Refractory Metals and Alloys
• Drafting Committee: B10.01 - Titanium

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM B898-05 - Standard Specification for Reactive and Refractory Metal Clad Plate
• Effective Date: 01-May-2005
• Referred By: ASTM F1155-10(2019) - Standard Practice for Selection and Application of Piping System Materials
• Effective Date: 10-May-1999

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: B 898 – 99
Standard Specification for
Reactive and Refractory Metal Clad Plate
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 898; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, Divisions 1,
2, 3
1.1 Thisspecificationcoversplateconsistingofabasemetal
2.3 Military Standard:
to which is bonded, integrally and continuously, on one or both
MIL-J-2445A
sides a layer of one of the following: titanium, zirconium,
tantalum, niobium, and their alloys. The material generally is
3. Terminology
intended for pressure vessel use.
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
3.1.1 This material is considered as single-clad or double-
as the standard. The values in parentheses and in metric tables
clad dependent upon whether one or both sides of the base
are provided for information only.
metal are covered by a cladding metal.
2. Referenced Documents 3.1.2 base metal, n—the component that comprises the
greatest percentage of total thickness.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.3 cladding metal, or cladding metals, n—the compo-
A 20/A 20M Specification for General Requirements for
nent, or components, which individually comprise less than the
Steel Plates for Pressure Vessels
greatest percentage of total thickness.
A 265 Specification for Nickel and Nickel-BaseAlloy-Clad
3.1.4 cladding operation, n—the production event, which
Steel Plate
results in the formation of the bond between the cladding and
A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for MechanicalTesting
base metal components, plus all related prebonding and post
of Steel Products
bonding operations, prior to supply to the purchaser.
A 578/A 578M Specification for Straight-Beam Ultrasonic
3.1.5 interface, n—of the clad product, is that region of
Examination of Plain and Clad Steel Plates for Special
thickness in which the product transitions from essentially
Applications
100 % base metal to 100 % cladding metal. Also known as
A 751 Test Methods, Practices, and Definitions for Chemi-
bond or bond zone.
cal Analysis of Steel Products
3.1.6 interlayer, n—a metal layer of a type or grade differ-
B 265 Specification for Titanium and Titanium Alloy Strip,
ent from the cladding metal and base metal, which is applied
Sheet, and Plate
between the cladding and base metal.
B 393 Specification for Niobium and Niobium Alloy Strip,
Sheet, and Plate
4. Ordering Information
B 551/B 551M Specification for Zirconium and Zirconium
5 4.1 Orders for material under this specification shall include
Alloy Strip, Sheet, and Plate
the following information:
B 708 Specification forTantalum andTantalumAlloy Plate,
5 4.1.1 Quantity.
Sheet, Strip
4.1.2 Product dimensions, including thickness of both clad-
2.2 ASME Code:
ding metal and base metal. It should state whether each
Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section IX, Welding
6 thicknessvalueisminimumornominal.Ifnotstated,thickness
Qualifications
values shall be nominal.
4.1.3 Cladding metal type and specification (the cladding
metal specification)(see Section 6).
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B-10 on
4.1.4 Base metal type and specification (the base metal
Reactive and Refractory Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of
specification)(see Section 6).
Subcommittee B 10.01 on Titanium.
4.1.5 Flatness requirements (see 10.3).
Current edition approved April 10, 1999. Published July 1999.
4.1.6 Ultrasonic inspection level (see Section 11).
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.04.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.03.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.01.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.04.
6 7
AvailablefromtheAmericanSocietyofMechanicalEngineers,345E.47thSt., Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4, Section D,
New York, NY 10017. 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111–5094, Attn: NPODS.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
B 898
4.1.7 Heat treatment requirements, if any. 7.3 Mechanicaltestingofthebasemetal,inaccordancewith
4.1.8 Restrictions limiting or disallowing welding, or weld the base metal specification, may be performed prior to the
repair, or both, if any (see Section 12). cladding operation if the cladding operation does not affect the
4.1.9 Any additional codes and standards specified by the mechanical properties of the base metal, for example, pro-
purchaser or manufacturer. cesses which use no external heat source, or which do not
4.1.10 Supplementary Requirements, if any. resultinseverecoldworkingoftheentirebasemetalthickness,
4.1.11 Additional requirements, if any. or both.
7.4 Unless simulated post cladding heat treatments are
5. Materials and Manufacture specifiedbythepurchaser,SupplementaryRequirementS5,the
mechanical test specimens shall be representative of the
5.1 Process:
material in the heat treatment condition of product being
5.1.1 The base metal shall be manufactured in accordance
shipped from the clad manufacturer.
with all applicable requirements of the base metal specification
7.5 Tensile Strength Requirements—The tensile properties
(see 4.1.4).
shall be determined by a tension test on the base metal only in
5.1.2 The cladding metal shall be manufactured in accor-
accordance with the testing requirements of the base metal
dance with all applicable requirements of the cladding metal
specification. When tension test specimen are taken from the
specification (see 4.1.3).
clad plate, the cladding shall be removed before tension tests
5.1.3 The cladding metal shall be bonded to the base metal
are made. When Supplementary Requirement S9 is specified,
by any cladding operation that will produce a clad product
requirements may be different.
which will conform to the requirements of this specification.
7.6 Bond Shear Strength—The bond shear strength of the
Cladding methods may be, but are not limited to, explosion
clad product shall be 20 000 psi (137.9 MPa) minimum when
bonding, roll bonding, and weld overlay.
tested in accordance with Fig. 1. Testing shall be mandatory
5.1.4 The cladding metal may be fabricated from multiple
only when Supplementary Requirement S1 is specified.
sheets or plates by edge butt welding prior to the cladding
operation.
8. Chemical Analysis
5.1.5 The cladding thickness may consist of multiple layers
8.1 When the cladding operation does not affect the chemi-
of the cladding metal.
cal composition of the cladding or base metal, or both, the
5.2 Heat Treatment—Unless otherwise specified or agreed
chemical analysis, in accordance with cladding, or base metal
between the purchaser and the manufacturer, all heat treat-
specifications, or both, may be performed prior to the cladding
ments shall be performed as needed in the cladding operation
operation. Otherwise, chemical analysis of the applicable
to assure the following:
component or components shall be performed after the clad-
5.2.1 The cladding metal conforms to the applicable re-
ding operation.
quirements of the cladding metal specification,
8.2 When chemical analysis is required after the cladding
5.2.2 The base metal conforms to the applicable require-
operation, the frequency of testing, specimen location, and
ments of the base metal specification, and
testing methods shall be agreed upon between manufacturer
5.2.3 The clad bond exhibits optimum resistance to dis-
and purchaser.
bonding during common fabrication processes.
9. Location and Number of Tests and Retests
6. Chemical Composition
9.1 Tension, Bend, and Impact Tests (When Required)—The
6.1 The composite plate may conform to any desired com-
specimen orientation, location with respect to thickness, and
bination of cladding metal and base metal as described in 6.2
number of tests and retests shall be in accordance with the
and 6.3 and as agreed upon between the purchaser and the
requirements of the base metal specification.The test specimen
manufacturer.
location within the plate shall be at the manufacturer’s option.
6.2 Cladding Metal—The cladding metal shall conform to
the requirements as to chemical composition prescribed in the
10. Dimensions and Flatness, Permissible Variations
applicable cladding metal specification: B 265, B 393, B 551/
10.1 Thickness:
B 551M, or B 708.
10.1.1 Cladding metal thickness tolerances shall be in
6.3 Base Metal—The base metal shall be steel or any other
accordance with Table 1.
product conforming to specifications for metal plate. The base
10.1.2 Base metal thickness tolerances shall be in accor-
metal shall conform to the requirements as to chemical
dance with Table 2.
composition prescribed in the base metal specification.
10.1.3 When the purchaser specifies flatness in accordance
with 10.3.1.3 or 10.3.1.4, overgage tolerances in excess of
7. Mechanical Properties
those specified herein may be specified by the manufacturer.
7.1 The base metal shall conform to the mechanical prop- 10.1.4 When agreed upon by the producer and the pur-
erty requirements prescribed in the base metal specification. chaser, overgage tolerances different from those specified
7.2 Afterthecladdingoperation,thecladdingmetalmaynot herein shall apply.
conform necessarily to the mechanical property requirements 10.1.5 When an interlayer metal is included in the product
prescribed in the cladding metal specification unless otherwise and when its thickness exceeds 0.005 in. (0.127 mm) nominal,
agreed upon between manufacturer and purchaser. its composition and nominal thickness shall be reported.
B 898
t 5 Cladding Metal Thickness—If > 0.125 in. (3.2 mm), machine to 0.125 in. (3.2 mm) max
T 5 Base Metal Thickness—If base metal thickness >1.0 in. (25.4 mm), it may be machined to 1.0 in. (25.4
mm) nominal.
Remove all cladding from base metal, except for area shown.
All corners are 90°.
FIG. 1 Shear Test Specimen
TABLE 1 Cladding Metal Thickness Tolerance TABLE 2 Base Metal Thickness Tolerance
When Cladding Metal Thickness is Specified When Base Metal Thickness is Specified
Minimum Nominal Minimum Nominal
Specified Thickness # 0.150 in. > 0.150 in. < 0.188 in. $ 0.188 in. Specified Thickness < 1.0 in. $ 1.0 in. < 1.0 in. $ 1.0 in.
Undergage Tolerance 0 0 0.030 in. 0.060 in. Undergage Tolerance 0 0 0.01 in. 0.01 in.
Overgage Tolerance 100 % of 50 % of 100 % of 50 % of Overgage Tolerance 0.21 in. 0.26 in. 0.20 in. over 0.25 in. over
min min nominal nominal over min over min nominal nominal
TABLE 1M Cladding Metal Thickness Tolerance TABLE 2M Base Metal Thickness Tolerance
When Cladding Metal Thickness is Specified When Base Metal Thickness is Specified
Minimum Nominal Minimum Nominal
Specified Thickness # 3.8 mm > 3.8 mm < 4.8 mm $ 4.8 mm Specified Thickness < 25.4 mm $ 25.4 mm < 25.4 mm $ 25.4 mm
Undergage Tolerance 0 0 0.75 mm 1.5 mm Undergage Tolerance 0 0 0.25 mm 0.25 mm
Overgage Tolerance 100 % of 50 % of 100 % of 50 % of Overgage Tolerance 5.3 over 6.6 over 5.1 over 6.4 over
specified specified specified specified specified specified specified specified
minimum minimum nominal nominal minimum minimum nominal nominal
TABLE 3 Length and Width, or Diameter, Tolerance
10.2 Length and Width or Diameter Tolerances:
Permissible Variation from Specified Length and
Total Thickness
10.2.1 Clad plates shall be supplied with edges cut to the Widths or Diameter
dimensions specified by the purchaser. Cutting may be per-
<2.0 in. –0, + 0.8 in.
$ 2.0 in., < 4.0 in. –0, + 1.0 in.
formed by thermal or mechanical means or any other method,
$ 4.0 in., <8.0 in. –0, + 1.5 in.
which does not deleteriously affect the product quality. Clad
$ 8.0 in. per agreement
plates shall conform to the length and width or diameter
tolerancesofTable3unlessotherwiseagreeduponbetweenthe
TABLE 3M Length and Width, or Diameter, Tolerance
manufacturer and purchaser.
Permissible Variation from Specified Length and
Total Thickness
10.2.2 When specified by the purchaser, clad plate shall be
Widths or Diameter
suppliedintheas-cladormilledge,condition.Minimumsound
<50 mm –0, + 20 mm
bond size shall be specified, and length and width tolerances of $ 50, <100 –0, + 25 mm
$ 100, <200 –0, + 38 mm
the as-supplied product shall be as agreed upon between
$ 200mm per agreement
purchaser and manufacturer. Either all edge nonbond areas
outside of the specified minimum sound bond area shall be
marked clearly on the surface, or the boundary of the required 10.3.1 Flatness of the clad plate shall be in accordance with
sound bond area shall be marked clearly on the sound bond one of the following flatness tolerance requirements. When
portion of the surface. flatness requirements are not specified by the purchaser,
10.3 Flatness: flatness tolerances of 10.3.1.1 shall apply.
B 898
10.3.1.1 Standard Plate Flatness—Out-of-flatness of the procedures and methods of Specification A 578/A 578M. Re-
cladding face shall not exceed the requirements of Table 4. cordable nonbond indications shall be in accordance with
This flatness criteria typically is applicable for clad plates Specification A 578/A 578M. Three acceptance options shall
intended for subsequent forming, or fabrication, or both. apply. If the ultrasonic inspection class is not specified, Class
10.3.1.2 Special Flatness—Out-of-flatness of the cladding C shall apply.
face shall not exceed 0.100 in. (2.5 mm) over any 36-in. 11.1.1 ClassA—100 %inspectionwithnosinglerecordable
(915-mm) span.This flatness criteria typically is applicable for
indication exceeding 1 in. (25 mm) in its longest dimension.
plates used in the flat condition. The minimum sound bond area shall be 99 %.
10.3.1.3 Machined Flatness—Out-of-flatness of one or both
11.1.2 Class B—100 %inspectionwithnosinglerecordable
faces, as specified by the purchaser, shall not exceed 0.010 in. indication exceeding 3 in. (75 mm) in its longest dimension.
(0.25 mm) over any 36-in. (915-mm) span.
The minimum sound bond area shall be 97 %.
10.3.1.4 Suitable for Machining Flat—Thematerialshallbe
11.1.3 Class C—Grid inspection on 9-in. (230-mm) centers,
2 2
supplied in a condition suitable for subsequent machining of
with no single recordable indication exceeding 9 in. (58 cm )
specified face or faces while protecting minimum specified
in area. The minimum sound bond area shall be 95 %.
thickness. The combination of the flatness of the product and
11.2 If the cladding metal has been applied by welding or
thethicknessofthecomponentmeta
...