ASTM C497-20

Standard Test Methods for Concrete Pipe, Concrete Box Sections, Manhole Sections, or Tile

ABSTRACT
These test methods cover production and acceptance tests for concrete pipes, manhole sections, and tiles. Tests include procedures for evaluating external load crushing strength, flat slab top, core strength, absorption, hydrostatic, permeability, manhole step, cylinder, gasket lubricant, joint shear, alkalinity, and gasket measurements. Aside from the procedures, this standard also details the significance and use of and the required test apparatus for each test.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover testing of concrete pipe, concrete box sections, manhole sections, and tile. The test methods described are used in production testing and acceptance testing to evaluate the properties provided for in the specifications.  
1.2 The test methods appear in the following order:    
Section  
External Load Crushing Strength  
4  
Flat Slab Top  
5  
Base Section Test Method  
6  
Core Strength  
7  
Absorption  
8  
Hydrostatic  
9  
Permeability  
10  
Manhole Step  
11  
Cylinder Strength  
12  
Gasket Lubricant  
13  
Joint Shear  
14  
Alkalinity  
15  
Gasket Measurements  
16  
Off-Center Hydrostatic Joint Test  
17  
Hydrostatic External Joint Test Method  
18  
Welded Splice Pull Test  
19  
1.3 The test specimens shall not have been exposed to a temperature below 40°F for the 24 h immediately preceding the test.  
1.4 If any test specimen fails because of mechanical reasons such as failure of testing equipment or improper specimen preparation, it shall be discarded and another specimen taken.  
1.5 Specimens shall be selected in accordance with the specifications for the type of pipe or tile being tested.  
1.6 A complete metric companion to Test Methods C497 has been developed—C497M; therefore, no metric equivalents are presented in these methods.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Jul-2020
• ICS: 23.040.50 - Pipes and fittings of other materials
• Technical Committee: C13 - Concrete Pipe
• Drafting Committee: C13.09 - Methods of Test

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C497 − 20
Standard Test Methods for
Concrete Pipe, Concrete Box Sections, Manhole Sections,
1
or Tile
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C497; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
1.1 These test methods cover testing of concrete pipe,
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
concrete box sections, manhole sections, and tile. The test
methods described are used in production testing and accep- 1.8 This international standard was developed in accor-
tance testing to evaluate the properties provided for in the dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
specifications.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
1.2 The test methods appear in the following order:
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Section
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
External Load Crushing Strength 4
Flat Slab Top 5
Base Section Test Method 6
2. Referenced Documents
Core Strength 7
Absorption 8
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Hydrostatic 9
Permeability 10
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
Manhole Step 11
of Steel Products
Cylinder Strength 12
C31/C31M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test
Gasket Lubricant 13
Joint Shear 14
Specimens in the Field
Alkalinity 15
C39/C39M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylin-
Gasket Measurements 16
Off-Center Hydrostatic Joint Test 17 drical Concrete Specimens
Hydrostatic External Joint Test Method 18
C42/C42M Test Method for Obtaining and Testing Drilled
Welded Splice Pull Test 19
Cores and Sawed Beams of Concrete
1.3 The test specimens shall not have been exposed to a
C76 Specification for Reinforced Concrete Culvert, Storm
temperature below 40°F for the 24 h immediately preceding
Drain, and Sewer Pipe
the test.
C617/C617M Practice for Capping Cylindrical Concrete
1.4 If any test specimen fails because of mechanical reasons
Specimens
such as failure of testing equipment or improper specimen
C670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements
preparation, it shall be discarded and another specimen taken.
for Test Methods for Construction Materials
C822 Terminology Relating to Concrete Pipe and Related
1.5 Specimens shall be selected in accordance with the
specifications for the type of pipe or tile being tested. Products
C1231/C1231M Practice for Use of Unbonded Caps in
1.6 AcompletemetriccompaniontoTestMethodsC497has
Determination of Compressive Strength of Hardened Cy-
been developed—C497M; therefore, no metric equivalents are
lindrical Concrete Specimens
presented in these methods.
D2240 Test Method for Rubber Property—Durometer Hard-
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
ness
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C13 on
ConcretePipeandarethedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeC13.09onMethods
2
of Test. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2020. Published August 2020. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1962. Last previous edition approved in 2019 as C497 – 19a. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/C0497-20. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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C497 − 20
3. Terminology bearing face it shall have a durometer hardness of not less than
45 nor more than 60, and shall have a width of not less than 2
3.1 Definitions—Fordefinitionsoftermsrelatingtoconcrete
1
in. and a thickness of not less than 1 in. nor more than 1 ⁄2 in.
pipe, see Terminology C822.
and shall be secured to a wood beam meeting the above
requirements.
4. External Load Crushing Strength Test by the Three-
4.3.7 If mutually agreed upon by the manufacturer and the
Edge Bearing Test Method
owner prior to the test, before the specimen is placed, a fillet of
4.1 Summary of Test Method—The test specimen is tested in
plaster of paris not exceeding 1 in. in thickness shall be cast on
a machine designed to apply a crushing force upon
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C497 − 19a C497 − 20
Standard Test Methods for
Concrete Pipe, Concrete Box Sections, Manhole Sections,
1
or Tile
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C497; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 These test methods cover testing of concrete pipe, concrete box sections, manhole sections, and tile. The test methods
described are used in production testing and acceptance testing to evaluate the properties provided for in the specifications.
1.2 The test methods appear in the following order:
Section
External Load Crushing Strength 4
Flat Slab Top 5
Base Section Test Method 6
Core Strength 7
Absorption 8
Hydrostatic 9
Permeability 10
Manhole Step 11
Cylinder Strength 12
Gasket Lubricant 13
Joint Shear 14
Alkalinity 15
Gasket Measurements 16
Off-Center Hydrostatic Joint Test 17
Hydrostatic External Joint Test Method 18
Welded Splice Pull Test 19
1.3 The test specimens shall not have been exposed to a temperature below 40°F for the 24 h immediately preceding the test.
1.4 If any test specimen fails because of mechanical reasons such as failure of testing equipment or improper specimen
preparation, it shall be discarded and another specimen taken.
1.5 Specimens shall be selected in accordance with the specifications for the type of pipe or tile being tested.
1.6 A complete metric companion to Test Methods C497 has been developed—C497M; therefore, no metric equivalents are
presented in these methods.
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C13 on Concrete Pipe and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C13.09 on Methods of Test.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2019Aug. 1, 2020. Published October 2019August 2020. Originally approved in 1962. Last previous edition approved in 2019 as
C497 – 19.C497 – 19a. DOI: 10.1520/C0497-19A.10.1520/C0497-20.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C497 − 20
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
C31/C31M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Field
C39/C39M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens
C42/C42M Test Method for Obtaining and Testing Drilled Cores and Sawed Beams of Concrete
C76 Specification for Reinforced Concrete Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe
C617/C617M Practice for Capping Cylindrical Concrete Specimens
C670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements for Test Methods for Construction Materials
C822 Terminology Relating to Concrete Pipe and Related Products
C1231/C1231M Practice for Use of Unbonded Caps in Determination of Compressive Strength of Hardened Cylindrical
Concrete Specimens
D2240 Test Method for Rubber Property—Durometer Hardness
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms relating to concrete pipe, see Terminology C822.
4. External Load Crushing Strength Test by the Three-Edge Bearing Test Method
4.1 Summary of Test Method—The test specimen is tested in a machine designed to apply a crushing force upon the specimen in
a plane through the vertical axis extending along the length of the specimen.
4.2 Significance and Use—The crushing test shall be either a quality control test performed to establish that the finished, shippable
pipe has sufficient strength to withstand the crushing loads stated in the specifications or a proof of design test performed to
...