ASTM D4887/D4887M-11(2016)
(Practice)Standard Practice for Preparation of Viscosity Blends for Hot Recycled Asphalt Materials
Standard Practice for Preparation of Viscosity Blends for Hot Recycled Asphalt Materials
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 A standard procedure for blend preparation is essential to ensure material quality, specification compliance, and procedural uniformity.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the procedure for preparation of hot recycled bituminous blends for testing in the laboratory. The procedure involves an iterative trial blend process followed by the preparation of batch blends.
1.2 The batch blends can be used for extensive evaluation such as viscosity, penetration, ductility, aging properties (such as Rolling Thin Film Oven or Thin-Film Oven tests, or both (RTFO/TFO)), composition analysis, solubility analysis, and other user-selected tests.
1.3 This practice assumes that a representative reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) sample is extracted and the aged binder recovered using Test Methods D2172 and Test Method D1856 (this practice may be modified by using a rotary evaporator which is extensively evaluated in the minutes of the 18th Pacific Coast Conference on Asphalt Specifications2) or any other acceptable test method.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D4887/D4887M − 11 (Reapproved 2016)
Standard Practice for
Preparation of Viscosity Blends for Hot Recycled Asphalt
Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4887/D4887M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
1.1 Thispracticecoverstheprocedureforpreparationofhot 2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1856Test Method for Recovery ofAsphalt From Solution
recycled bituminous blends for testing in the laboratory. The
procedure involves an iterative trial blend process followed by by Abson Method
D2171Test Method for Viscosity of Asphalts by Vacuum
the preparation of batch blends.
Capillary Viscometer
1.2 The batch blends can be used for extensive evaluation
D2172Test Methods for Quantitative Extraction of Bitumen
such as viscosity, penetration, ductility, aging properties (such
From Bituminous Paving Mixtures
as Rolling Thin Film Oven or Thin-Film Oven tests, or both
D3381Specification for Viscosity-Graded Asphalt Cement
(RTFO/TFO)), composition analysis, solubility analysis, and
for Use in Pavement Construction
other user-selected tests.
D6373 Specification for Performance Graded Asphalt
1.3 This practice assumes that a representative reclaimed
Binder
asphalt pavement (RAP) sample is extracted and the aged
D6816Practice for Determining Low-Temperature Perfor-
binder recovered using Test Methods D2172 and Test Method
mance Grade (PG) of Asphalt Binders
D1856 (this practice may be modified by using a rotary
D7175Test Method for Determining the Rheological Prop-
evaporatorwhichisextensivelyevaluatedintheminutesofthe
erties of Asphalt Binder Using a Dynamic Shear Rheom-
18th Pacific Coast Conference on Asphalt Specifications)or
eter
any other acceptable test method.
3. Summary of Practice
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
3.1 This specification covers the use of a viscosity blending
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
chart shown in Fig. 1 or by a Performance Grade (PG)
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
temperature blending chart shown in Fig. 2 to determine the
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
percentage of a recycling agent, rejuvenating agent or
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
pavinggrade- asphalt (hereafter referred to as virgin modifier)
with the standard.
required to meet the target viscosity or PG temperature. The
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
blending chart based on viscosity is based upon results from
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
D2171 compared to the limits of D3381. The PG blending
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
chart is based upon the results from D6816 and D7175 which
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
arecomparedtothelimitsofD6373.Theprocedureconsistsof
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
determining the asphalt binder grade of reclaimed asphalt
binder (hereafter referred to as RAM binder), estimating the
blend by graphical methods and preparing a blend of virgin
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road and
modifier and the RAM binder in the laboratory. The measured
Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.25 on
propertiesoftheblendarecomparedtothetargetvalues.Ifthe
Analysis of Asphalt Mixtures.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2016. Published October 2016. Originally
approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D4887/D4887M–11. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
DOI: 10.1520/D4887_D4887M-11R16. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Asphalt Recovery Subcommittee Report, San Francisco, CA, May 17–18, Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
1983. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D4887/D4887M − 11 (2016)
NOTE1—Calculationsusingordinateviscosity(η)values(scalesAandB)canbesimplifiedbyusingloglog(100×η orη (Pa·s))suchthatordinates
–A B
and abscisca axes become linear.
FIG. 1 Percent RAM Binder Allowed based on Viscosity
D4887/D4887M − 11 (2016)
FIG. 2 Percent RAM Binder Allowed based on PG Temperatures
blend properties do not meet the requirements and are not batch blend larger than the trial blend can then be prepared
within the limits of Specification D3381 or D6373, another after the target viscosity is achieved to facilitate additional
trial blend is prepared using adjusted proportions of the same
tests.
oranalternatevirginmodifier,orboth,andtheRAMbinder.A
D4887/D4887M − 11 (2016)
NOTE 1—It is recognized that Test Method D2171 requires 20 mL
in a 10.0 6 0.1-g specimen or larger for a trial blend. Prepare
(minimum) of asphalt sample; however, due to enormous resources
the 10.0 6 0.1-g trial blend in the 50-mL container while
involved in extraction and recovery, plus conducting a number of
preparing a larger batch (if required) in the 600-mL container
iterations, a 10.0 6 0.1-g (minimum) sample is suggested to be adequate
or other suitable containers.
for this practice. The accuracy of Test Method D2171 is not significantly
affected by the change in sample size.
NOTE 4—For ease of handling during proportioning, the RAP binder
NOTE 2—How to Use Figure 1:
and recycling agent or paving grade asphalt may be frozen (6 6 1°F is
(1) Plot high viscosity
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D4887/D4887M − 11 D4887/D4887M − 11 (Reapproved 2016)
Standard Practice for
Preparation of Viscosity Blends for Hot Recycled Asphalt
Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4887/D4887M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers the procedure for preparation of hot recycled bituminous blends for testing in the laboratory. The
procedure involves an iterative trial blend process followed by the preparation of batch blends.
1.2 The batch blends can be used for extensive evaluation such as viscosity, penetration, ductility, aging properties (such as
Rolling Thin Film Oven or Thin-Film Oven tests, or both (RTFO/TFO)), composition analysis, solubility analysis, and other
user-selected tests.
1.3 This practice assumes that a representative reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) sample is extracted and the aged binder
recovered using Test Methods D2172 and Test Method D1856 (this practice may be modified by using a rotary evaporator which
is extensively evaluated in the minutes of the 18th Pacific Coast Conference on Asphalt Specifications ) or any other acceptable
test method.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1856 Test Method for Recovery of Asphalt From Solution by Abson Method
D2171 Test Method for Viscosity of Asphalts by Vacuum Capillary Viscometer
D2172 Test Methods for Quantitative Extraction of Bitumen From Bituminous Paving Mixtures
D3381 Specification for Viscosity-Graded Asphalt Cement for Use in Pavement Construction
D6373 Specification for Performance Graded Asphalt Binder
D6816 Practice for Determining Low-Temperature Performance Grade (PG) of Asphalt Binders
D7175 Test Method for Determining the Rheological Properties of Asphalt Binder Using a Dynamic Shear Rheometer
3. Summary of Practice
3.1 This specification covers the use of a viscosity blending chart shown in Fig. 1 or by a Performance Grade (PG) temperature
blending chart shown in Fig. 2 to determine the percentage of a recycling agent, rejuvenating agent or pavinggrade- asphalt
(hereafter referred to as virgin modifier) required to meet the target viscosity or PG temperature. The blending chart based on
viscosity is based upon results from D2171 compared to the limits of D3381. The PG blending chart is based upon the results from
D6816 and D7175 which are compared to the limits of D6373. The procedure consists of determining the asphalt binder grade of
reclaimed asphalt binder (hereafter referred to as RAM binder), estimating the blend by graphical methods and preparing a blend
of virgin modifier and the RAM binder in the laboratory. The measured properties of the blend are compared to the target values.
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.25 on Analysis of
Asphalt Mixtures.
Current edition approved June 1, 2011Oct. 1, 2016. Published June 2011October 2016. Originally approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 20032011 as
D4887 – 99D4887/D4887M – 11.(2003). DOI: 10.1520/D4887_D4887M-11.10.1520/D4887_D4887M-11R16.
Asphalt Recovery Subcommittee Report, San Francisco, CA, May 17–18, 1983.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D4887/D4887M − 11 (2016)
NOTE 1—Calculations using ordinate viscosity (η) values (scales A and B) can be simplified by using loglog (100 × η or η (Pa·s)) such that ordinates
–A B
and abscisca axes become linear.
FIG. 1 Percent RAM Binder Allowed based on Viscosity
D4887/D4887M − 11 (2016)
FIG. 2 Percent RAM Binder Allowed based on PG Temperatures
If the blend properties do not meet the requirements and are not within the limits of Specification D3381 or D6373, another trial
blend is prepared using adjusted proportions of the same or an alternate virgin modifier, or both, and the RAM binder. A batch blend
larger than the trial blend can then be prepared after the target viscosity is achieved to facilitate additional tests.
NOTE 1—It is recognized that Test Method D2171 requires 20 mL (minimum) of asphalt sample; however, due to enormous resources involved in
extraction and recovery, plus conducting a number of iterations, a 10.0 6 0.1-g (minimum) sample is suggested to be adequate for this practice. The
accuracy of Test Method D2171 is not significantly affected by the change in sample size.
D4887/D4887M − 11 (2016)
NOTE 2—How to Use Figure 1:
(1) Plot high viscosity virgin modifier’s viscosity at 60°C (140°F) on left ordinate (A).
(2) Plot RAM binder viscosity at 60°C (140°F) on right ordinate (B).
(3) Connect points A and B with a straight
...
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