ASTM D3557-17

Standard Test Methods for Cadmium in Water

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The test for cadmium is necessary because it is a toxicant and because there is a limit specified for cadmium in potable water in the National Interim Primary Drinking Water Regulations. This test serves to determine whether the cadmium content of potable water is above or below the acceptable limit.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of dissolved and total recoverable cadmium in water and wastewater by atomic-absorption spectrophotometry and differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry.2 Section 44 on Quality Control pertains to these test methods. Four test methods are included as follows:    
Concentration
Range  
Sections  
Test Method A—Atomic Absorption,
Direct  
0.05 to 2.0 mg/L  
7 to 15  
Test Method B—Atomic Absorption,
Chelation-Extraction  
5 to 200 μg/L  
16 to 24  
Test Method C—Differential Pulse
Anodic Stripping Voltammetry  
1 to 100 μg/L  
25 to 34  
Test Method D—Atomic Absorption,
Graphite Furnace  
2 to 10 μg/L  
35 to 43  
1.2 Test Method B can be used to determine cadmium in brines. It is the user's responsibility to ensure the validity of these test methods for waters of untested matrices.  
1.3 ICP-MS or ICP-AES may also be appropriate but at a higher instrument cost. See Test Methods D5673 and D1976.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversion to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-May-2017
• ICS: 13.060.50 - Examination of water for chemical substances
• Technical Committee: D19 - Water
• Drafting Committee: D19.05 - Inorganic Constituents in Water

Relations

• Refers: ASTM D5673-15 - Standard Test Method for Elements in Water by Inductively Coupled Plasma—Mass Spectrometry
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2015
• Refers: ASTM D3558-15 - Standard Test Methods for Cobalt in Water
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2015
• Refers: ASTM D1691-17 - Standard Test Methods for Zinc in Water
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2017
• Refers: ASTM D1066-18 - Standard Practice for Sampling Steam
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2018
• Refers: ASTM D1066-18e1 - Standard Practice for Sampling Steam
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2018
• Refers: ASTM D1976-18 - Standard Test Method for Elements in Water by Inductively-Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2018
• Refers: ASTM D1976-20 - Standard Test Method for Elements in Water by Inductively-Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy
• Effective Date: 01-May-2020
• Referred By: ASTM D1688-17 - Standard Test Methods for Copper in Water
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2017
• Referred By: ASTM D858-17 - Standard Test Methods for Manganese in Water
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2017
• Referred By: ASTM D3645-15 - Standard Test Methods for Beryllium in Water
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2017
• Referred By: ASTM D3559-15 - Standard Test Methods for Lead in Water
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2017
• Referred By: ASTM D1687-17 - Standard Test Methods for Chromium in Water
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2017
• Referred By: ASTM D4309-18 - Standard Practice for Sample Digestion Using Closed Vessel Microwave Heating Technique for the Determination of Total Metals in Water
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2017
• Referred By: ASTM D4382-18 - Standard Test Method for Barium in Water, Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry, Graphite Furnace
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2017
• Referred By: ASTM D1971-16(2021)e1 - Standard Practices for Digestion of Water Samples for Determination of Metals by Flame Atomic Absorption, Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption, Plasma Emission Spectroscopy, or Plasma Mass Spectrometry
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2017
• Referred By: ASTM F1581-08(2020) - Standard Specification for Composition of Anorganic Bone for Surgical Implants
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2017
• Referred By: ASTM D1886-14(2021)e1 - Standard Test Methods for Nickel in Water
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2017
• Referred By: ASTM D8006-16 - Standard Guide for Sampling and Analysis of Residential and Commercial Water Supply Wells in Areas of Exploration and Production (E&P) Operations
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2017

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D3557 − 17
Standard Test Methods for
1
Cadmium in Water
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3557; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
3
1.1 Thesetestmethodscoverthedeterminationofdissolved 2.1 ASTM Standards:
and total recoverable cadmium in water and wastewater by D858Test Methods for Manganese in Water
atomic-absorption spectrophotometry and differential pulse D1066Practice for Sampling Steam
2
anodic stripping voltammetry. Section 44 on Quality Control D1068Test Methods for Iron in Water
pertains to these test methods. Four test methods are included D1129Terminology Relating to Water
as follows: D1193Specification for Reagent Water
D1687Test Methods for Chromium in Water
Concentration
Sections
Range
D1688Test Methods for Copper in Water
Test Method A—Atomic Absorption, 0.05 to 2.0 7 to 15
D1691Test Methods for Zinc in Water
Direct mg/L
D1886Test Methods for Nickel in Water
Test Method B—Atomic Absorption, 5 to 200 µg/L 16 to 24
Chelation-Extraction
D1976Test Method for Elements in Water by Inductively-
Test Method C—Differential Pulse 1 to 100 µg/L 25 to 34
Coupled Argon Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy
Anodic Stripping Voltammetry
D2777Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of
Test Method D—Atomic Absorption, 2to10µg/L 35 to 43
Graphite Furnace
Applicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on Water
D3370Practices for Sampling Water from Closed Conduits
1.2 Test Method B can be used to determine cadmium in
brines. It is the user’s responsibility to ensure the validity of D3558Test Methods for Cobalt in Water
D3559Test Methods for Lead in Water
these test methods for waters of untested matrices.
D3919Practice for Measuring Trace Elements in Water by
1.3 ICP-MS or ICP-AES may also be appropriate but at a
Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry
higher instrument cost. See Test Methods D5673 and D1976.
D4841Practice for Estimation of Holding Time for Water
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Samples Containing Organic and Inorganic Constituents
standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
D5673Test Method for Elements in Water by Inductively
conversion to inch-pound units that are provided for informa-
Coupled Plasma—Mass Spectrometry
tion only and are not considered standard.
D5810Guide for Spiking into Aqueous Samples
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the D5847Practice for Writing Quality Control Specifications
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the for Standard Test Methods for Water Analysis
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3. Terminology
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1 Definitions:
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this standard, refer to
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
Terminology D1129.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
3.2.1 continuing calibration blank, n—asolutioncontaining
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
no analytes (of interest) which is used to verify blank response
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
and freedom from carryover.
3.2.2 continuing calibration verification, n—a solution (or
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on
setofsolutions)ofknownconcentrationusedtoverifyfreedom
Water and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.05 on Inorganic
Constituents in Water.
Current edition approved June 1, 2017. Published June 2017. Originally
3
approved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D3557– 12. DOI: For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
10.1520/D3557-17. contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
2
Platte,J.A.,andMarcy,V.M.,“ANewToolfortheWaterChemist,”Industrial Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Water Engineering, May 1965. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Pag
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D3557 − 12 D3557 − 17
Standard Test Methods for
1
Cadmium in Water
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3557; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of dissolved and total recoverable cadmium in water and wastewater by
2
atomic-absorption spectrophotometry and differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry. Section 44 on Quality Control pertains
to these test methods. Four test methods are included as follows:
Concentration
Sections
Range
Test Method A—Atomic Absorption, 0.05 to 2.0 7 to 15
Direct mg/L
Test Method B—Atomic Absorption, 5 to 200 μg/L 16 to 24
Chelation-Extraction
Test Method C—Differential Pulse 1 to 100 μg/L 25 to 34
Anodic Stripping Voltammetry
Test Method D—Atomic Absorption, 2 to 10 μg/L 35 to 43
Graphite Furnace
Concentration
Sections
Range
Test Method A—Atomic Absorption, 0.05 to 2.0 7 to 15
Direct mg/L
Test Method B—Atomic Absorption, 5 to 200 μg/L 16 to 24
Chelation-Extraction
Test Method C—Differential Pulse 1 to 100 μg/L 25 to 34
Anodic Stripping Voltammetry
Test Method D—Atomic Absorption, 2 to 10 μg/L 35 to 43
Graphite Furnace
1.2 Test Method B can be used to determine cadmium in brines. It is the user’s responsibility to ensure the validity of these test
methods for waters of untested matrices.
1.3 ICP-MS or ICP-AES may also be appropriate but at a higher instrument cost. See Test Methods D5673 and D1976.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values statedgiven
in each system are mathematical conversions and may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently
of the other.parentheses are mathematical conversion to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not
considered standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D858 Test Methods for Manganese in Water
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.05 on Inorganic Constituents
in Water.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2012June 1, 2017. Published September 2012June 2017. Originally approved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 20072012 as
ɛ1
D3557 – 02 (2007)D3557 . – 12. DOI: 10.1520/D3557-12.10.1520/D3557-17.
2
Platte, J. A., and Marcy, V. M., “A New Tool for the Water Chemist,” Industrial Water Engineering, May 1965.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3557 − 17
D1066 Practice for Sampling Steam
D1068 Test Methods for Iron in Water
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D1687 Test Methods for Chromium in Water
D1688 Test Methods for Copper in Water
D1691 Test Methods for Zinc in Water
D1886 Test Methods for Nickel in Water
D1976 Test Method for Elements in Water by Inductively-Coupled Argon Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy
D2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of Applicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on Water
D3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Closed Conduits
D3558 Test Methods for Cobalt in Water
D3559 Test Methods for Lead in Water
D3919 Practice for Measuring Trace Elements in Water by Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Sp
...