ASTM F1004-16
(Specification)Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Expansion Gates and Expandable Enclosures
Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Expansion Gates and Expandable Enclosures
SCOPE
1.1 This consumer safety specification covers minimum safety performance requirements, test methods, and requirements for labeling and instructional material to minimize hazards to young children resulting from the normal use and reasonably foreseeable misuse and abuse of expansion gates and expandable enclosures.
1.2 Products known as expansion gates and expandable enclosures, or by any other name, which are in the scope of this consumer safety specification are intended for young children aged six months through 24 months, and are defined in Section 3.
1.3 Expansion gates and expandable enclosures defined in Section 3 are for domestic use and are not to be confused with other types of gates or enclosures that may be specifically designed for commercial, institutional, agricultural, pet use, or any other such use.
1.4 No expansion gate or expandable enclosure as defined in Section 3, that is, produced after the approval date of this consumer safety specification either by label or other means, shall indicate compliance with this specification unless it conforms to all the requirements contained herein.
1.5 For expediency, expansion gates and expandable enclosures as defined in Section 3 will heretofore be referred to in this consumer safety specification as “gates” and “enclosures” unless referred to definitively.
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.7 The following pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 7, of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:F1004 −16
StandardConsumer Safety Specification for
1
Expansion Gates and Expandable Enclosures
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1004; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
This consumer safety specification addresses incidents of head and neck entrapment in children’s
expansion gates and expandable enclosures. It also addresses the ability of a pressure gate to resist a
push-out force.
TheU.S.ConsumerProductSafetyCommission(CPSC)identifiedincidentsthatgenerallyinvolved
a child’s head or neck, or both, becoming entrapped in diamond shaped openings and strangulation of
children in V-shapes at the top of accordion style expansion gates or expandable enclosures.
Additional incidents and injuries were identified that involved children attempting to climb up and
over expansion gates and expandable enclosures, and pushing or pulling pressure gates out of
doorways.
Thisconsumersafetyspecificationiswrittenwithinthecurrentstate-of-the-artofgateandenclosure
technology. It is intended that this consumer safety specification will be updated whenever substantive
information becomes available, which necessitates additional requirements or justifies the revision of
existing requirements.
This specification does not address incidents in which gates or enclosures are blatantly misused
although warnings and safety instructions are required to be displayed prominently on and with each
gate or enclosure.
1. Scope other types of gates or enclosures that may be specifically
designed for commercial, institutional, agricultural, pet use, or
1.1 This consumer safety specification covers minimum
any other such use.
safety performance requirements, test methods, and require-
1.4 Noexpansiongateorexpandableenclosureasdefinedin
ments for labeling and instructional material to minimize
hazards to young children resulting from the normal use and Section 3, that is, produced after the approval date of this
consumer safety specification either by label or other means,
reasonably foreseeable misuse and abuse of expansion gates
and expandable enclosures. shall indicate compliance with this specification unless it
conforms to all the requirements contained herein.
1.2 Products known as expansion gates and expandable
1.5 For expediency, expansion gates and expandable enclo-
enclosures,orbyanyothername,whichareinthescopeofthis
sures as defined in Section 3 will heretofore be referred to in
consumer safety specification are intended for young children
this consumer safety specification as “gates” and “enclosures”
aged six months through 24 months, and are defined in Section
unless referred to definitively.
3.
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
1.3 Expansion gates and expandable enclosures defined in
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
Section 3 are for domestic use and are not to be confused with
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
and are not considered standard.
1
This consumer safety specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Commit-
tee F15 on Consumer Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
1.7 The following pertains only to the test methods portion,
F15.16 on Highchairs, Hook-On Chairs and Expandable Gates.
Section 7, of this specification. This standard does not purport
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2016. Published February 2016. Originally
to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its
approved in 1986. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as F1004 – 15a. DOI:
10.1520/F1004-16. use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F1004−16
establish appropriate safety and health practices and deter- 3.1.5 expansion gate, n—barrierintendedtobeerectedinan
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. opening, such as a doorway, to prevent the passage of young
children (see 1.2), but which can be removed by older persons
2. Referenced Documents
who are able to operate the locking mechanism.
2
3.1.5.1 Discussion—Such gates are available in a number of
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D3359 Test Methods for Measuring Adhesion by Tape Test different styles of construction and are manufactured from a
variety of different materials.
F406 Consumer Safety Specification for Non-Full-Size
Baby Cribs/Play Yards
3.1.6 extension panel(s), n—any panel recommended by the
3
2.2 British Standard:
manufactur
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F1004 − 15a F1004 − 16
Standard Consumer Safety Specification for
1
Expansion Gates and Expandable Enclosures
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1004; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
This consumer safety specification addresses incidents of head and neck entrapment in children’s
expansion gates and expandable enclosures. It also addresses the ability of a pressure gate to resist a
push-out force.
The U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) identified incidents that generally involved
a child’s head or neck, or both, becoming entrapped in diamond shaped openings and strangulation of
children in V-shapes at the top of accordion style expansion gates or expandable enclosures.
Additional incidents and injuries were identified that involved children attempting to climb up and
over expansion gates and expandable enclosures, and pushing or pulling pressure gates out of
doorways.
This consumer safety specification is written within the current state-of-the-art of gate and enclosure
technology. It is intended that this consumer safety specification will be updated whenever substantive
information becomes available, which necessitates additional requirements or justifies the revision of
existing requirements.
This specification does not address incidents in which gates or enclosures are blatantly misused
although warnings and safety instructions are required to be displayed prominently on and with each
gate or enclosure.
1. Scope
1.1 This consumer safety specification covers minimum safety performance requirements, test methods, and requirements for
labeling and instructional material to minimize hazards to young children resulting from the normal use and reasonably foreseeable
misuse and abuse of expansion gates and expandable enclosures.
1.2 Products known as expansion gates and expandable enclosures, or by any other name, which are in the scope of this
consumer safety specification are intended for young children aged six months through 24 months, and are defined in Section 3.
1.3 Expansion gates and expandable enclosures defined in Section 3 are for domestic use and are not to be confused with other
types of gates or enclosures that may be specifically designed for commercial, institutional, agricultural, pet use, or any other such
use.
1.4 No expansion gate or expandable enclosure as defined in Section 3, that is, produced after the approval date of this consumer
safety specification either by label or other means, shall indicate compliance with this specification unless it conforms to all the
requirements contained herein.
1.5 For expediency, expansion gates and expandable enclosures as defined in Section 3 will heretofore be referred to in this
consumer safety specification as “gates” and “enclosures” unless referred to definitively.
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.7 The following pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 7, of this specification.This standard does not purport to
address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish
appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1
This consumer safety specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F15 on Consumer Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F15.16
on Highchairs, Hook-On Chairs and Expandable Gates.
Current edition approved July 15, 2015Jan. 1, 2016. Published September 2015February 2016. Originally approved in 1986. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as
F1004 – 15.F1004 – 15a. DOI: 10.1520/F1004-15A.10.1520/F1004-16.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F1004 − 16
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D3359 Test Methods for Measuring Adhesion by Tape Test
F406 Consumer Safety Specification for Non-Full-Size Baby Cribs/Play Yards
3
2.2 British Standard:
BS 4125 Specification for Safety Requirements for Child
...
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