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ASTM D5233-92(2004)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Single Batch Extraction Method for Wastes

Standard Test Method for Single Batch Extraction Method for Wastes

SCOPE
1.1 This test method is applicable to the extraction of samples of treated or untreated solid wastes or sludges, or solidified waste samples, to provide an indication of the leaching potential.
1.2 This test method is intended to provide an extract for measurement of the concentration of the analytes of concern. The measured values may be compared against set or chosen acceptance levels in some applications.
1.3 If the sole application of the test method is such a pass/fail comparison and a total analysis of the waste demonstrates that individual analytes are not present in the waste, or that the chosen acceptance concentration levels could not possibly be exceeded, the test method need not be run.
1.4 If the sole application of the test method is such a pass/fail comparison and an analysis of any one of the liquid fractions of the extract indicates that the concentration of the target analyte is so high that, even after accounting for dilution from the other fractions of the extract, it would be equal to or above an acceptance concentration level, then the waste fails the test. In such a case it may not be necessary to analyze the remaining fractions of the extract.
1.5 This test method is intended to provide an extract suitable for the measurement of the concentration of analytes that will not volatilize under the conditions of the test method.
1.6 Presence of volatile analytes may be established if an analysis of the extract obtained using this test method detects the target volatile analyte. If its concentration is equal to or exceeds an acceptance level for that analyte, the waste fails the test. However, extract from this test method shall not be used to determine the concentration of volatile organic analytes.
1.7 This test method is intended to describe only the procedure for performing a batch extraction. It does not describe all of the sampling and analytical requirements that may be associated with the application of this test method.
1.8 The values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific precautionary statement, see Note 8.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
14-May-2004
ICS
13.030.40 - Installations and equipment for waste disposal and treatment
Technical Committee
D34 - Waste Management
Drafting Committee
D34.01.04 - Waste Leaching Techniques
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D5233-92(1999) - Standard Test Method for Single Batch Extraction Method for Wastes
Effective Date
15-May-2004
Replaced By
ASTM D5233-92(2009) - Standard Test Method for Single Batch Extraction Method for Wastes
Effective Date
01-Sep-2009

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ASTM D5233-92(2004) - Standard Test Method for Single Batch Extraction Method for Wastes
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D5233–92 (Reapproved 2004)
Standard Test Method for
1
Single Batch Extraction Method for Wastes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5233; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1.1 This test method is applicable to the extraction of
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
samples of treated or untreated solid wastes or sludges, or
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
solidified waste samples, to provide an indication of the
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific
leaching potential.
precautionary statement, see Note 8.
1.2 This test method is intended to provide an extract for
measurement of the concentration of the analytes of concern.
2. Referenced Documents
The measured values may be compared against set or chosen
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
acceptance levels in some applications.
D75 Practice for Sampling Aggregates
1.3 If the sole application of the test method is such a
D420 Guide to Site Characterization for Engineering De-
pass/fail comparison and a total analysis of the waste demon-
sign and Construction Purposes
strates that individual analytes are not present in the waste, or
D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained
that the chosen acceptance concentration levels could not
Fluids
possibly be exceeded, the test method need not be run.
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
1.4 If the sole application of the test method is such a
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
pass/fail comparison and an analysis of any one of the liquid
D2234/D2234M Practice for Collection of a Gross Sample
fractions of the extract indicates that the concentration of the
of Coal
target analyte is so high that, even after accounting for dilution
D3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Closed Conduits
from the other fractions of the extract, it would be equal to or
E122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate,
above an acceptance concentration level, then the waste fails
With Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristic
the test. In such a case it may not be necessary to analyze the
of a Lot or Process
remaining fractions of the extract.
ES 16 Practice for the Generation of Environmental Data
1.5 This test method is intended to provide an extract
3
Related to Waste Management Activities
suitable for the measurement of the concentration of analytes
that will not volatilize under the conditions of the test method.
3. Terminology
1.6 Presence of volatile analytes may be established if an
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used but not de-
analysis of the extract obtained using this test method detects
fined in this test method, see Terminology D1129.
the target volatile analyte. If its concentration is equal to or
exceeds an acceptance level for that analyte, the waste fails the
4. Summary of Test Method (See Fig. 1)
test. However, extract from this test method shall not be used
4.1 Forwastescontaininglessthan0.5 %drysolidmaterial,
to determine the concentration of volatile organic analytes.
the filtrate of the waste, after filtration through a 0.6 to 0.8-µm
1.7 This test method is intended to describe only the
glass fiber filter, is defined as the method extract. Extraction of
procedure for performing a batch extraction. It does not
,
4 5
the solid is not required for such wastes.
describe all of the sampling and analytical requirements that
4.2 For wastes containing greater than or equal to 0.5 % dry
may be associated with the application of this test method.
solid material, the liquid, if any, is separated from the solid
1.8 The values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are to
be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses
are for information only.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
1 3
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on Waste Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.04 (see 1991 edition).
4
Disposal and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.01.06 on Analytical Federal Register, Vol 55, No. 61, March 29, 1990. Toxicity Characteristics
Methods. Revisions, Final Rule.
5
Current edition approved March 15, 1992. Published May 1992. DOI: 10.1520/ Federal Register, Vol 55, No. 126, June 29, 1990. Toxicity Char
...

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4.1 This test method is intended as a means for obtaining sequential extracts of a waste. The extracts may be used to estimate the release of certain constituents of the waste under the laboratory conditions described in this test method.  
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4.8 The agitation technique, rate, liquid-to-solid ratio, and filtration conditions specified in the procedure may not be suitable for extracting all types of wastes (see Sections 7, 8, and the discussion in Appendix X1).
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1.1 This test method is a procedure for the sequential leaching of a waste containing at least five percent solids to generate solutions to be used to determine the constituents leached under the specified testing conditions.  
1.2 This test method calls for the shaking of a known weight of waste with water of a specified purity and the separation of the aqueous phase for analysis. The procedure is conducted ten times in sequence on the same sample of waste and generates ten aqueous solutions.  
1.3 This test method is intended to describe the procedure for performing sequential batch extractions only. It does not describe all types of sampling and analytical requirements that may be associated with its application.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method is intended as a means for obtaining sequential extracts of a waste. The extracts may be used to estimate the release of certain constituents of the waste under the laboratory conditions described in this test method.  
4.2 The pH of the extraction fluid used in this test method is to reflect the pH of acidic precipitation in the geographic region in which the waste being tested is to be disposed.
Note 1: Possible sources of information concerning the pH of precipitation in the geographic region of interest include state and federal environmental agencies, state universities, libraries, etc.  
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4.5 This test method has not been demonstrated to simulate actual disposal site leaching conditions.  
4.6 This test method produces extracts that are amenable to the determination of both major and minor (trace) constituents. When minor constituents are being determined, it is especially important that precautions be taken in sample storage and handling to avoid possible contamination of the samples.  
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1.1 This test method provides a procedure for the sequential leaching of a waste containing at least 5 % dry solids in order to generate solutions to be used to determine the constituents leached under the specified testing conditions.  
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ASTM D5233-92(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Single Batch Extraction Method for Wastes

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is intended to generate an extract with a concentration of the target analyte(s) representative of the expected release under the scenario simulated, and which can be compared with concentration levels acceptable in waste disposal, treatment, or production activities.  
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1.2 This test method is intended to provide an extract for measurement of the concentration of the analytes of concern. The measured values may be compared against set or chosen acceptance levels in some applications.  
1.3 If the sole application of the test method is such a pass/fail comparison and a total analysis of the waste demonstrates that individual analytes are not present in the waste, or that the chosen acceptance concentration levels could not possibly be exceeded, the test method need not be run.  
1.4 If the sole application of the test method is such a pass/fail comparison and an analysis of any one of the liquid fractions of the extract indicates that the concentration of the target analyte is so high that, even after accounting for dilution from the other fractions of the extract, it would be equal to or above an acceptance concentration level, then the waste fails the test. In such a case it may not be necessary to analyze the remaining fractions of the extract.  
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4.1 This guide is suitable for sampling heterogeneous wastes.  
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4.3 Sections 5 – 10 describe a guide for the sampling of heterogeneous waste according to project objectives. Appendix X1 describes an application of the guide to heterogeneous wastes. The user is strongly advised to read Annex A1 prior to reading and employing Sections 5 – 10 of this guide.  
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1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026. Reporting of test results in units other than SI shall not be regarded as nonconformance with this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice is intended for use in the waste management industries to collect samples of unconsolidated waste from trucks. The sampling procedures described are general and should be used in conjunction with a site-specific work plan.  
5.2 The purpose of collecting waste samples directly from a truck (rather than the waste source) is often to verify (usually with screening analyses) that the waste contained in the truck is the same or similar material from a waste source that has been previously characterized and approved for treatment or disposal, or both. Additionally, it may be a safer or logistically easier to sample the waste from a truck over the waste source.
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1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D4982-20(Test Method)
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5.1 These test methods are intended for use by those in the waste management industries to aid in identifying the flammability potential or waste materials. In addition to the test methods described here, flash points specific to liquid waste can be determined according to Test Method D8174 or D8175.
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1.1 These test methods are used to indicate the fire-producing or fire-sustaining potential of wastes. The following test methods can be applied to waste liquids, sludges, or solids:    
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8 – 10  
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1.5 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard information is given in Section 6, 9.3.1, and 10.4.3.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
8.1 This practice is intended for use by those in the waste management industries to aid in determining the compatibility of hazardous wastes before they are commingled.
SCOPE
1.1 These practices cover assessment of the compatibility/reactivity of waste. The individual practices are as follows:    
Sections  
Practice A—Commingled Waste Compatibility  
8 – 12  
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13 – 18  
Practice C—Water Compatibility  
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1.2 These practices are applicable to waste liquids, sludges, semi-solids, and solids.  
1.3 These practices are designed and intended as a preliminary or supplementary test to complement the more sophisticated quantitative analytical techniques that should be used to determine waste composition and compatibilities. This standard offers the user the option and the ability to screen wastes for potentially hazardous reactions when the more sophisticated techniques are not available and the total waste composition is unknown, and to screen compatibility when the composition is known. (Warning—Delayed or slow reactions of wastes may go unnoticed.)  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4.1 Exception—The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard and warning statements, see Sections 1.3, 6.1, 10, 11.2.3, 11.5.2, 16, and 23.  
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